What's on the Sparrow Hills. Sparrow Hills

Sparrow Hills from time immemorial have been a favorite vacation spot for Muscovites - both ordinary citizens of the Soviet era and the princes and tsars of pre-revolutionary Moscow. These days are no exception. Vorobyovy Gory is a favorite vacation spot for residents of the city and guests of the capital of Russia, the address of which does not need to be known exactly. The Moscow River and Moscow State University will serve as landmarks.

From the village of Vorobyevo

On the banks of the Moskva River in the 14th century there was a village Vorobyevo, which was owned by the boyars Vorobyovs. Then it was bought by Princess Sofya Vitovtovna and presented to her grandson Yuri Vasilyevich, Prince Dmitrovsky, from whom it passed to Prince Ivan III of Moscow.

In 1949, a new building for the Moscow State University began to be built here. It was completed in 1953. The village did not fit into the new environment of the Sparrow Hills, and soon it was demolished. Only the Trinity Church, built in the 14th century, has survived. True, then it was made of wood. In 1811, a stone temple was erected in its place, which has survived to this day. By the way, in Soviet times, the Sparrow Hills were called Lenin Hills.

On a high steep bank

It is even difficult to call Sparrow Hills mountains. Their maximum height is 220 meters. Rather, it is a high, washed-out river bank. Rather, it will be considered one of the seven hills on which Moscow is located.

From the mouth of the Setun Vorobyovy Gory stretch to the Andreevsky Bridge. They are covered with forest and cut by ravines. The forest zone of Vorobyovy Gory is a wonderful combination of natural nature and livability for the rest of the townspeople.

When the construction of the Moscow State University was completed, an observation deck was erected on the steep bank of the river, from where a wonderful view of the city opens.

Sparrow Hills: how to get there by metro

There is nothing difficult in this, if only because Vorobyovy Gory is located in relative proximity to the center of the capital.

The most convenient way is to use the services of the Moscow Metro, or rather its red line. In the center of Moscow, you can take any of the stations: "Library named after Lenin" (not far from the Kremlin) or " Okhotny Ryad"(Next to Red Square). From the latter in 13 minutes the train will arrive at the Vorobyovy Gory station. How to get by metro, now the question is clear. It remains to add that the station is located inside the bridge over the Moskva River. You need to go to Kosygin Street. Already at the exit, a panorama of the Vorobyovy Gory will open in front of you. The walk will take another twenty minutes.

Alternative to the metro

The metro is not the only way to visit Vorobyovy Gory. How to get there by other ways? Of course, the easiest way is to go by car, and even use the navigator. As a destination, you can take the Church of the Holy Trinity, which will lead to Vorobyovy Gory. Address: st. Kosygin, 30.

You can also go by trolleybus. Route 7 will take you straight to the observation deck on Vorobyovy Gory. You can take a trolleybus at the Kievsky railway station, but in general it goes to Vorobyovy Gory from Victory Park. The final stop is Kaluzhskaya Square. However, it will take a long time to travel, taking into account the traffic intensity in Moscow, and there is no separate lane on Kutuzovsky Prospekt for public transport.

Then no better way see Vorobyovy Gory, how to get there by metro!

Walking route

You can start your walk from the Moscow State University building. Heading along the Alley of Scientists, you can walk directly to the observation deck. From here opens scenic view to the river, to Luzhniki and to the domes and skyscrapers of the Russian capital.

A walk along the river will also be a pleasure - there is a good pedestrian zone here. However, you can go rollerblading and cycling.

If you go deeper into the park area, you can come across decorative ponds, lawns and even natural swamps. Birch, linden, alder prevail among the trees, there are many different plants and birds sing.

You can use the cable car to get back to the observation deck. It works all year round. After all, the Sparrow Hills are popular in winter too. Address, how to get there, for amateurs winter species sport is well known for this information. After all, there is ski slope, a springboard, you can go skiing and ride a sleigh.

Temple on Sparrow Hills

It is one of the oldest rich history... And the main thing is that this story has been preserved for posterity.

At first the temple was made of wood. It is known that when the village of Vorobyevo was bought by Sofya Vitovtovna in the 15th century, it already existed.

When the temple was completely dilapidated, it was dismantled. A stone church was built according to the project of the architect Vitberg. In the place of the old one, a monument crowned with a cross was erected in 1811.

There is information that Kutuzov prayed in this church in 1812, before the famous council in Fili.

It is also noteworthy that the Trinity Church during the years of Soviet power not only was not destroyed, but even the service continued in it and the bells were ringing.

Now the Church of the Life-Giving Trinity has three chapels; services are constantly held in it.

Andreevsky Monastery

The buildings are best seen from the observation deck of Vorobyovy Gory, because it is located at their foot.

There are disagreements about the time of the founding of the monastery, which was then called the Preobrazhenskaya Hermitage. However, it is still an old establishment, be it the 13th or 14th century.

During the Soviet years, the buildings of the monastery were used as a research institute. In 1992, they were finally returned to the church. True, they were never used for their original purpose.

Three churches are of interest on its territory: the Resurrection of Christ, the Apostle and Martyr Andrew Stratilates. Since 1991, they have formed the Patriarchal Compound, since 2013 it has been the St.Andrew's Stavropegic Monastery.

Berth "Vorobyovy Gory"

After taking a walk in the park, you can go down to the embankment and ride a motor ship along the Moskva River. The Vorobyovy Gory pier is located on the embankment. How to get there from the city center? As well as on the Sparrow Hills themselves. Best by metro. From the station of the same name, the walk to the “cable car” will take no more than 10 minutes.

In the warm season, from the pier "Vorobyovy Gory" run river trams, a walk on which is a great pleasure. The route passes through the center of Moscow with a U-turn at Kotelnicheskaya embankment and return arrival at Vorobyovy Gory.

The routes of boat trips are very diverse. They provide a good opportunity to see Moscow from a different perspective and make wonderful photographs of the Kremlin, Novodevichy and Novospassky monasteries and other sights of Moscow.

To Neskuchny Garden

Several years ago, the Vorobyovy Gory reserve was added to the culture and recreation. Gorky and Neskuchny Garden. The latter is one that has survived from several noble estates that belonged to the Golitsyn, Orlov and Trubetskoy. Together, all the parks form a single complex.

Many architectural monuments have survived in Neskuchny Garden. The house of Count Orlov (1796), the Stone Gazebo, the house with the rotunda near the Elizavetinsky pond, as well as various bridges over the ravines, for example, a stone arched bridge in three spans, are interesting.

You can get to Neskuchny Garden by first visiting Vorobyovy Gory. How to get there by metro directly? The nearest station is Oktyabrskaya-Koltsevaya. From it you can walk or take a trolleybus.

A walk in Neskuchny Garden, as well as in Vorobyovy Gory, will bring real pleasure and will bring an indelible impression.

So, the purpose of the trip is Moscow, Vorobyovy Gory. How to get there? Landmark - the southwestern part of the center of the Russian capital, Enjoy your trip to everyone!

Sparrow Hills- it large park on a slope, in a bend along the bank of the Moskva River. Its territory is 137.5 hectares. In 1987, Vorobyovy Gory became a natural monument, since 1998 it has been a state nature reserve created with the aim of preserving the historical, cultural and natural environment, a broad-leaved forest located in the immediate vicinity of the city center. In 2013, the Vorobyovy Gory reserve was included in the structure.

In the east, the territory of the Sparrow Hills begins from the Novoandreevsky railway and road bridges across the Moskva River. From the south and from the west, the territory of the Sparrow Hills is limited by the area adjacent to Kosygin Street. In the north, the border of the Sparrow Hills is the mouth of the Setun River.

Vorobyovy Gory is a spur of the Teplostan Upland, which rises 80 meters above the level of the Moskva River. Large oaks, ash trees, maples, lindens, birches, alders, willows, and herbaceous plants of deciduous forests grow on the slope to the river. Small animals and birds, rare for Moscow, live here.

The territory of the park is crossed by the Luzhnetsky (Luzhnikovsky) metro bridge with the Vorobyovy Gory metro station (until 1999 - Lenin's mountains) On him. Luzhnetsky Bridge was opened on January 12, 1959. Due to errors in the design and construction of the bridge, it had to be completely rebuilt. The reconstruction of the bridge was completed in 2002.

Vorobyovy Gory got its name from the village of Vorobyov, first mentioned in 1453 in the will of the Grand Duchess Sofia Vitovtovna. since 1473 the village was owned by Ivan III. From that time on, it did not come out of the hands of the grand duke. Vasily III, who had fallen ill, returned to Moscow through Vorobyovo on the eve of his death. He spent several days in the village, entered the city and the next day, December 3, 1533, he died. Ivan the Terrible was waiting for the grandiose fire of June 1547 in the Vorobyovsky Palace. Then about a third of the city burned down.

At the end of the 17th century, during the reign of Princess Sophia, a new Vorobyov Palace was built, about 80 fathoms long (about 160 meters), wooden on stone foundations. It was replaced by the palace of the architect I. Michurin, built in 1732-1735. There were about 250 large and small halls on two floors of the palace.

In 1776, the wooden Prechistensky Palace of Matvey Kazakov was moved to Vorobyovo. It was built as a temporary one on Prechistenka in 1774-1776. The palace burned down in 1812. After him, palace construction in Vorobyov did not resume. By the beginning of the twentieth century, this was a village common for the middle zone with the Trinity Church, built in 1811-1813. The village survived until 1956, when it was dismantled. There was no place for him near the new building of the University. Today only the name reminds of Vorobyov on the edge of the river.

On October 12, 1817, the solemn laying of the Cathedral of Christ the Savior in memory of the Patriotic War of 1812 took place on Sparrow Hills. It was assumed that a temple with a height of about 170 meters would be built with a staircase to the river, with an underground temple - a crypt. But due to changes in the view on the construction program and due to the complexity of the soil in the selected location, work was stopped in 1826.

Few people know that on the Sparrow Hills there is the Vorobyovka reservoir of the Moscow water supply system. This large structure with a capacity of 170,000 cubic meters of water was built in 1902 by the architect M.K. Geppener. A beautiful pavilion with an observation deck and a public garden was erected over the reservoir. During the commissioning and filling of the reservoir with water, the engineers of the water supply system poured a bottle of champagne, bought in the neighboring restaurant of Krynkin, into it, so that all Muscovites would celebrate this event. Today the reservoir is located on the territory of Mosvodokanal, there is no access to its pavilion.

Sparrow Hills have always been used as a resting place. In the summer they came here for the whole day, with families, big companies, with their samovars, food, drinks. In winter they went skiing here. The continuation of this pre-revolutionary tradition was the construction of a ski jump in 1953. There is a ski slope and a chair lift near the springboard.

In 1948, construction work began on a site 850 meters away from the edge of the Sparrow Hills, on reliable ground. The building is 182 meters high, and with a spire - 240 meters, was built according to the project of a group of architects led by L.V. Rudnev. On September 1, 1953, the University - Temple of Science was opened. From the University to the edge of the hill, on which the observation deck is located, there is a wide boulevard with flower beds, fountains, cast-iron lanterns and busts of prominent scientists.

At the end of 2014, the observation deck of Vorobyovy Gory was reconstructed. It contains an interactive granite map of Moscow. It is assumed that in 2015 a monument to the baptist of Russia, Prince Vladimir, will be erected on the Sparrow Hills.

The observation deck, which is located on Vorobyovy Gory, is probably the most popular observation point of the capital, and is also the most high point cities.

Vorobyovy Gory offers a view of the Luzhniki stadium, the business center of the city - Moscow City, the building of the Academy of Sciences, the Vorobyovy Gory metro station. Also with observation deck the Shukhov TV tower is visible. All these views provide a magnificent panorama.

Opposite the observation deck is the building of the Moscow State University.

• Michurinsky prospect, 13

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Sparrow Hills on the map

How to get to Vorobyovy Gory

There are several ways to get to Sparrow Hills.

By taxi

The easiest and most convenient option is to order a taxi. Of course, this method will be the most costly. But the advantages are obvious: you don't have to look for the right public transport stop on the map, a suitable metro line.

The observation deck itself is located on the top of the mountain, which can only be reached on its own. Given the original location, such an excursion can be quite expensive.

Metro

The second option to get to the observation deck is the subway.

• It is necessary to get to the station "Okhotny Ryad", which is located on the Sokolnicheskaya line. Red Square is located next to this station. From the square you can get to Vorobyovy Gory by a special excursion bus.
• Also, special buses run from Kalanchevskaya Square and from the Komsomolskaya metro station, which is also located on the red line.
• There is also a third option to take the metro to the observation deck. You need to get off at the Vorobyovy Gory station (red line), and then climb the mountain on foot.

By river tram

The third option is to get to the observation deck - from the Moskva River. This can be done by initially organizing a river tram ride along the Moskva River, then disembarking at the pier and walk up the mountain.

The hardest part about doing this is the hard climb. Especially for those who do not have enough physical strength to climb, a funicular was built, on which you can quickly and effortlessly get to your destination.

To get to the river station (from which the river trams depart), you need to take the Zamoskvoretskaya metro line and get off at the Rechnoy Vokzal station.

By bus

You can get to Vorobyovy Gory and by bus. To do this, you need to get to the Universitet metro station (located on the Sokolnicheskaya line). And already from the metro, change to bus number 661 and get to the stop "MGU". From the stop, get to the observation walk. You can get to the Universitet bus stop by tram # 14, # 26, # 39.

There are other buses that go through the stop "Moscow State University". This is bus No. 113 (from the Profsoyuznaya metro station located on the Kaluzhsko-Rizhskaya line), No. 119 from the Kievsky railway station, No. 57 from Ozernaya street (Kakhovskaya metro station located on the Kakhovskaya line) and bus No. 111 from Kaluzhskaya square ...

By trolleybus

The fifth way to get to Vorobyovy Gory is to take a trolleybus.

Route 7 goes to the observation deck. You can take a trolleybus at the Kievsky railway station, and the whole route runs from Victory Park to Kaluzhskaya Square, that is, Vorobyovy Gory is an intermediate stop.

After choosing the most convenient and optimal way to get to the observation deck, you need to remember to calculate the time, taking into account the traffic intensity in the capital. You can spend a lot of time just standing in traffic. Therefore, it is better to calculate the route in advance.

Vorobyovy Gory is one of the main attractions of Moscow. Not only guests come there, but also residents of the city, who can also help navigate and show how to get to the desired place.

• Favorite vacation spot for tourists, students, honeymooners, bikers and sports car enthusiasts.
• Observation deck at an altitude of 80 m above sea level offers a breathtaking panoramic view of the city.
• Architectural landmarks‒ sports complex Luzhniki, Shukhovskaya TV tower, Novodevichy monastery, St. Andrew's monastery and others.
• The most impressive buildings- three Stalinist skyscrapers and the main building of the Moscow state university in the Stalinist Empire style.
• In the summer, you can commit boat trip, ride a funicular, bike, rollerblades, feed the animals, just take a walk.
• In winter, you can go skiing here, ski jumping, snowboarding.

One of the most famous park areas in Moscow - a favorite vacation spot for students, bikers, honeymooners and tourists. Here are located, opening a panoramic view of the whole of Moscow, and the symbol of the Stalinist Empire - the Main Building of Moscow University.

In the Middle Ages, there were several villages on this place. One of them, Vorobyevo, stood on the current territory of the university. Today, the surviving Church of the Life-Giving Trinity reminds of the village. In 1453, these lands were bought by Princess Sophia, the wife of the Moscow prince Vasily I, and they entered the royal possessions. Prince Vasily III loved this place very much, often visited it and, according to legend, even hid here from the Crimean Khan Devlet Girey, who attacked Moscow in 1521. And in 1547, in this village, together with his family, he took refuge from the Moscow fire.

Observation deck

An excellent panorama of the city opens from the observation deck of Vorobyovy Gory, located at an altitude of 80 m above sea level. City holidays are widely celebrated here, motorcyclists and sports car enthusiasts gather. From the observation deck you can see the architectural dominants of the city: the Luzhniki sports complex, the Moscow-City business center, and the Andreevsky monasteries, the building Russian Academy sciences, the Shukhov TV tower, three Stalinist skyscrapers - the Foreign Ministry building, a skyscraper at the Red Gate and the hotel "Ukraine", the domes of the Kremlin, a monument to Peter I by Zurab Tsereteli.

Address: intersection of st. Kosygin and Universitetsky passage

Trinity Church

The Church of the Life-Giving Trinity is the only reminder of the village of Vorobyevo, which was once located here. At first it was wooden, but at the end of the 18th century. at the direction of Catherine II, a new Empire-style church was built in its place under the direction of the architect Karl Vitberg. The temple is active, it is located in the immediate vicinity of the observation deck. The bell tower, the main volume and the gallery connecting them are on the same axis, that is, the temple was built by a “ship”. The building of the temple ends with a large drum with a dome resembling a rotunda, which is quite typical for Empire buildings. However, the inside of the church is not round, but quadrangular. Outside, it is decorated with Tuscan columns, pilasters and paintings.

Address: st. Kosygina, 30

Andreevsky Monastery

At the foot of the Sparrow Hills, there is the St. Andrew's Monastery. It was founded in the 17th century. favorite of Tsar Alexei Mikhailovich Fedor Rtischev in honor of the liberation of Moscow from the invasion of the Crimean Khan Kazy-Girey. Since this happened on the day of commemoration of the martyr Andrew Stratilates, the monastery was consecrated. Initially, the gate church was made of wood, but in 1675 it was rebuilt in stone. Particularly noteworthy are the tiles made by Belarusian masters of the "valuable" business, among whom was the famous Stepan Polubes. Later, another stone building appeared - the Church of the Resurrection of Christ. Today, on the territory of the monastery, you can see the bell tower, which received its modern appearance in the middle of the 19th century. Throughout the XIX century. utility buildings were also built around these three buildings.

Address: Andreevskaya embankment, 2

The lands with the royal residence and the monastic settlement were in turn owned by several famous noble families - the Saltykovs, Dolgorukovs, Yusupovs, as well as Count Matvey Dmitriev-Mamonov, after whom the manor house is often called “Mamonov's dacha”. By the name of the first owner from the Dolgorukov family, the entire estate is named Vasilievskoye. There was a noisy social life here, many guests came, gardens with exotic plants grew around the house. The building of the main house in the Empire style, which can be seen now, most likely belongs to the authorship of the architect Osip Bove, who built a lot in Moscow after the fire of the 1812 war. Its main feature is the presence of a large domed rotunda. On the facade, it is highlighted by a mezzanine and a six-column portico of the Ionic order. The turrets-belvederes crowning the two manor outbuildings echo with the rotunda. The house is harmoniously blended into environment: standing on a hill, it allowed guests and owners to enjoy the panorama of Moscow. Now the building houses the Institute of Chemical Physics.

Address: st. Kosygina, 4

XX - XXI centuries

Main building of Moscow State University

In the second quarter of the XX century. Vorobyovy Gory were renamed Lenin Hills. It was here that one of the most famous Moscow buildings of Stalin's time was built - the main building of the Moscow State University. M.V. Lomonosov. It was built from 1949 to 1953 and was completed after Stalin's death. Its architects were Boris Iofan, Lev Rudnev and Sergey Chernyshev; the sculpture on the facades was done by Vera Mukhina, who originally planned to put her famous composition "Worker and Collective Farm Woman" in front of the building.

The main building of Moscow State University is one of seven embodied. Its height, together with the spire, is 240 m. Despite the difficult soils, the Main Building stands firmly thanks to the special system of foundations, columns and supports of the architect and designer Nikolai Nikitin. The premises of the Faculty of Physics, Chemistry and Biology were built as separate buildings, forming an entire university town. The general style in which the buildings were erected is usually called the Art Deco variant, the “grand style” or the Stalinist Empire style.

The building looks grand: a high spire, bas-reliefs, a giant warrant, expensive materials, luxurious stucco molding. Inside it was supposed to place everything necessary to ensure autonomy - mail, canteens, hairdressers, shops, etc. There are many legends about the construction of the Moscow State University. It is believed that somewhere in the Main Building there is even underground passage and a bomb shelter, an entrance to the express metro (in the area of ​​zone “B”).

Address: Leninskie Gory, 1

the Russian Academy of Sciences

The building of the Russian Academy of Sciences is also impressive in scale. Its construction took 16 years - from 1974 to 1990. In the plan, the building resembles two towers that stand side by side. They are surrounded by low annexes, included in a single ensemble. Above, the complex is decorated with an intricate golden composition with a clock. Now on the upper floors of the building of the Russian Academy of Sciences is located concert hall and an expensive restaurant with panoramic views.

Address: Leninsky Prospect, 32a

Metro

In 1959, the first open station of the Moscow metro, Vorobyovy Gory, was built in this area. It is located on the Luzhnetsky Bridge over the Moskva River. The construction of the station was fraught with significant difficulties and numerous mistakes; the station was closed for large-scale reconstruction. Now it is one of the stations most beloved by Muscovites: laconic, spacious, bright, with an opening panorama of the city. It is the station with the longest hall in the Moscow metro, and temporary exhibitions are periodically held in its glazed lobby.

Address: Vorobyovy Gory station, Sokolnicheskaya line of the Moscow metro.

Luzhniki is a large multifunctional sports complex where, in addition to matches and tournaments, large-scale concerts and folk festivals are held. The main construction was carried out in the 1950s, later complex was partially reconstructed in preparation for the famous 1980 Summer Olympics. Many sports competitions in Russia and the world were held in this sports complex. Today you can rent courts, sports grounds, use the services tour desk... Luzhniki houses a golf complex, a swimming pool, sports clubs, a hotel, a restaurant, and a medical center. There is a large park around the complex, there are several notable sculptures from the 1960s - 1990s, as well as a small modern octahedral chapel of Prince Vladimir.

Address: Luzhniki, 24 (Big sports arena)

Active rest on Vorobyovy Gory

The natural reserve "Vorobyovy Gory" in summer, spring and autumn lays wooden paths to several springs and organizes "ecological" routes for walks. You can order an excursion, feed the animals (there are special vending machines for the sale of feed).

In the Moscow Palace of Children and Youth Creativity (Kosygina St., 17), there are many different circles and sections. On the territory of the complex you can ride a slide, rent bicycles, tubing.

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One spring evening I found myself on Vorobyovy Gory. In winter, the observation deck is not crowded. But with the onset of warmth - a real pandemonium.

Motorists drive Kosygin Street with caution: street racers rush past at a wild speed, motorcycles roar past. On the Smotrovaya itself there are crowds of young people: companies, couples in love. Parking nearby is very problematic.

But the reward is fantastic views of Moscow in the evening. Skyscrapers mysteriously sparkle on the left, then, almost along the horizon, you can see all the skyscrapers of Moscow (except for one, which is right behind). On the right, the Metro Bridge and the white and gold building of the Russian Academy of Sciences gleam. Below, the Moskva River meanders like a dark ribbon, in the waters of which the lights are reflected. Yes, the painting is worth coming here!

Approaching the fence of the Observation Deck, we stop admiring the views of Moscow in the evening. How prettier the capital has been in recent years!

Luzhniki and Moscow panorama

Springboard on Vorobyovy Gory

Moscow City and other lights

Hotel Ukraine, White House and skyscraper on Kudrinskaya Square

And here is a small slideshow to the music of Jean Michel Jarre Oxygen (part II):

But this was not the most surprising thing. Time seemed to turn back, and again I felt like a 20-year-old student. It was a fantastic feeling!

PS. I did not choose Jarre's music for the slideshow by chance: I remembered Jean Michel Jarre's grandiose concert in Moscow in September 1997, when the capital celebrated its 850th anniversary on a grand scale.

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