Lenin Hills (around the skyscraper). Leninskie Gory Leninskie Gory d 1

This microdistrict, bounded by Lomonosovsky, Michurinsky avenues, st. Kosygin and Vernadsky Avenue, is part of Ramenka.

This article will briefly provide historical information about this remarkable corner of the capital of Russia, about the Sparrow Hills.

Location

Vorobyovy Gory (in 1924-1991 - Leninskie) are located in the southwestern part of Moscow, opposite the Luzhniki sports complex. Like all Moscow mountains, these do not correspond to this status, because this is just a hilly part of the bank of the Moskva River (part of the Teplostanskaya Upland), washed away by the current. The Vorobyov mountains are one of the seven hills on which the city of Moscow was built. They stretch from the mouth of the river. Setun to the very southern border of the hills adjoins Neskuchny Garden.

The Vorobyov mountains are located practically in the center of the capital of Russia, about 5.5 kilometers from the Kremlin, and 13 from the Moscow Ring Road.

Infrastructure, attractions

Here are the streets of Lebedev, Mendeleevskaya, Akademikov Samarsky and Khokhlov, Universitetskaya square and Universitetsky avenue.

On the territory of the district (Leninskie Gory) there are buildings of the famous Moscow State University. MV Lomonosov Moscow State University, Botanical Garden of Moscow State University and many other historically significant buildings. Nearby are the Universitet and Vorobyovy Gory stations of the Moscow metro.

The observation deck, which rises opposite the high-rise of Moscow State University (the main building), has long been the most popular vacation spot for many residents of Moscow and guests of the capital. Its height is approximately 80 meters above the level of the river. Moscow, which allows you to see a breathtaking panorama of the city.

Not far from the observation deck on the Vorobyov mountains is the Church of the Life-Giving Trinity. It miraculously survived the years of the struggle against the Nazis. It is unknown when it was erected. But Tolstoy LN mentions about him in his world famous novel "War and Peace".

History

The history of the origin of this area (Lenin Hills) goes back to ancient times. Its name comes from the ancient village of Vorobyovo. It is known that Princess Sophia (daughter of the Grand Duke of Lithuania and wife of Prince Vasily I of Moscow) at the end of the 15th century acquired a village called Vorobyovo from an Orthodox priest (his nickname Sparrow). According to inaccurate data, there is a possibility that this village is the oldest settlement that once existed on the territory of modern Moscow. It turned into the (summer) residence of the Grand Duke, and later - of the Tsar.

Numerous tourists have been visiting Leninskie for a long time, from this place it is superbly surveyed. Sparrow Hills is a kind of observation platform for some of the city's conquerors. From this place I looked at (the Crimean Khan) and Khotkevich (the Polish hetman). In the 17th-18th centuries, at the foot of the Vorobyovs (northern part) there was a monastery called Andreevsky, and the second half of the 19th century is significant in that this corner gained popularity as a summer cottage.

It is not known exactly when Vorobyovy Gory was renamed Lenin. There are 3 dates: 1924, 1935 and 1936. Many historians claim that this happened in memory of V. I. Lenin, in the year of his death. Some argue that the renaming is the result of the construction of a large physical education center in the area. Lenin.

In 1999 the old historical name was officially returned to the mountains. At the same time, the Moscow metro station was also renamed.

Today the microdistrict, unlike the metro station and the park, has not been renamed Vorobyovy Gory. For example, the address of the main building of the main Moscow University is officially written as follows: Moscow, 119991, Leninskie Gory, Moscow State University, building 1.

Conclusion

Lenin Hills were declared a natural monument in 1987. In 1988, the Vorobyovy Gory State Nature Reserve was established on this site. And today the reserve is engaged in projects aimed at protecting the heritage (historical and natural) of the city of Moscow. Within the framework of these projects, various ecological tourist routes have been developed, along which excursions are conducted, environmental education is carried out among schoolchildren, and research is also conducted.

It should be noted that construction has never been carried out on Vorobyovy Gory and the land has not been used for agricultural needs. This is due to the fact that in these places there are large differences in the relief, as well as quite active landslide processes.

Today it is difficult to imagine Moscow without the majestic silhouette of the main building of the Moscow State University. M.V. Lomonosov. The largest of the high-rise buildings in the capital has been on the Sparrow Hills since 1953. It was in this year that the four-year construction of the University ensemble was completed, designed by architects L. Rudnev, S. Chernyshev, P. Abrosimov and A. Khryakov. The chief engineer of the project was V.N. Nasonov.

The complex includes 30 main and 20 auxiliary buildings, an observatory, a botanical garden, a forest park, a sports town. In terms of area, the complex occupies about 167 hectares.

The main building of Moscow State University or GZ (as students and teachers call it) is facing the center of Moscow with a wide front. A clear silhouette is visible from the most distant distances. The main building, crowned with a spire with a star, rises with giant ledges to a height of 235.7 m. The highest part of the building rises 36 floors.
During the construction of the Moscow State University, a fundamentally new bearing system was developed. The system developer was an outstanding scientist designer N.V. Nikitin (creator of the Ostankino TV tower). The building of Moscow State University stands on a box-shaped foundation, as if "floating" in the ground and providing a uniform settlement of the building. The original parts of the steel frame were also developed. The building of Moscow State University at that time was the tallest building in Europe.

The 18- and 9-storey wings of the hostels diverge from the Main Building, forming courtyards-courdoners. Students and postgraduates live in dormitories, and apartments for university teachers are located in the corner towers.
In the central part of the main volume there are two faculties, an assembly hall for 1300 seats, a scientific library, and a museum. The building has high-speed elevators for 20 people. The rest of the faculties occupy buildings located near the Main Building. Built simultaneously with the central building, they form a single ensemble of the scientific town.

The towers are equipped with giant clock, barometer and thermometer dials, which stand out in contrast against the light facing of the building. For the decoration of the building, prefabricated cladding panels were used for the first time.
On the south side of the building there is a ceremonial courtyard with fountains and flower beds. Here in 1953year was erected a monument to M.V. Lomonosov by the sculptor N. Tomsky.

Honored Soviet artists and sculptors took part in the decoration of the University ensemble: N.V. Tomsky, S.T. Konenkov, M.K. Anikushin, E.V. Vuchetich, P.D. Korin, I.M. Toidze and others. The building of Moscow State University on Sparrow Hills was and remains a symbol not only of Moscow University, but of all Russian education.

Most of the buildings in the Leninskie Gory microdistrict were built in 1949-1953 and almost all of them are recognized as cultural heritage sites of regional significance. In terms of the design of the facades, they are inferior to the central buildings of the university campus - in appearance they are ordinary research institutes, of which there are many in the capital. But the list of names of the buildings is impressive, emphasizing the variety of scientific disciplines that are studied at Moscow State University.

Several streets divide the territory into rectangles - Kolmogorov Street, Akademik Khokhlov Street, Akademik Samarskiy Street, Michurinskaya Alley, Mendeleevskaya Street, Lebedev Street - but all buildings in the microdistrict are assigned to a single address, Leninskie Gory, Building 1. There is no system in the numbering of buildings, buildings are scattered chaotically throughout the campus. For example, the Scientific Research Institute of Nuclear Physics at number 5 is located near Vernadsky Avenue, and the Institute of Mechanics at number 7 is located near Michurinsky Avenue. And next to the Institute of Mechanics there are buildings numbered 19, 41 and 74.

1958: https://pastvu.com/p/151713

SRCC building (Leninskie Gory, Building 1, Building 4): Research Computing Center. Now SKTs MSU includes supercomputers "Lomonosov", "Chebyshev", "GraphIT!"

1956-1960: https://pastvu.com/p/108062 The Strela electronic computer occupied several rooms.

Building 19 (Leninskie Gory, Building 1, Building 5): The Research Institute of Nuclear Physics is one of the largest research institutes of Moscow State University, which is the base for training students and postgraduates of the Physics Faculty of Moscow State University in the areas of nuclear, atomic physics, and space physics. Igor Kurchatov and Dmitry Skobeltsyn were the initiators of the creation of the institute to train specialists in nuclear physics for work on the Soviet atomic project.

1973-1975: https://pastvu.com/p/40170 Building 20 (Leninskie Gory, Building 1, Building 6): Laboratory for the Study of Cosmic Radiation, SINP. In the mid-1950s, Metrostroy forces pierced a vertical shaft under the building to a depth of 45 meters, where the laboratory equipment was placed. Modern diggers almost legally visited this mine and found only cut cables, de-energized and broken equipment. The drainage pumps are in working order, periodically pumping out water.

The Institute of Mechanics (Leninskie Gory, Building 1, Building 7 - Michurinsky Prospect, Building 1) was organized in 1959 by the Decree of the Council of Ministers of the RSFSR in order to develop research work in the field of mechanics aimed at solving the most important problems of modern technology and improving the training necessary for the national farms of specialists. During its existence, the Institute has made an outstanding contribution to hydroaerodynamics, the mechanics of non-stationary processes in gaseous and liquid media, to the mechanics of solid deformable bodies, to solving problems of general mechanics and control processes, to biomechanics, and the mechanics of natural processes.

The intersection of Lomonosovsky and Michurinsky avenues. 1974: https://pastvu.com/p/55645 The Institute of Mechanics is visible at the corner, further - the Faculty of Biology. In the foreground is the railway track of the University-Matveevskoye branch, dismantled by 2003.

Modern Moscow resembles an uninhabited island that pirates dug up in search of treasures. In the summer of 2016, the treasure is searched for on Michurinsky Prospekt opposite the Institute of Mechanics.

Cryogenic building (Leninskie Gory, Building 1, Building 8): Department of Low Temperature Physics and Superconductivity, Faculty of Physics

Gas Electrochemistry Building (Leninskie Gory, Building 1, Building 9): Laboratory of Catalysis and Gas Electrochemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Moscow State University

Radiochemistry Building (Leninskie Gory, Building 1, Building 10): Department of Radiochemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Moscow State University

SVD building (Leninskie Gory, Building 1, Building 11): Department of Chemical Technology and New Materials, Faculty of Chemistry, Moscow State University, Department of Chemical Enzymology, Faculty of Chemistry, Moscow State University

Biological and soil building (Leninskie Gory, building 1, building 12): Faculty of Biology, Faculty of Soil Science.

The Faculty of Biology was organized in 1930 on the basis of the Biological Department of the Physics and Mathematics Faculty of Moscow State University. Currently, the faculty is the largest educational and scientific center for training biologists of a wide profile. The Faculty of Soil Science is a relatively young and dynamically developing faculty of Moscow University and the largest educational institution in this area in the country's university education system. The faculty trains soil scientists and ecologists - specialists in research and rational use of land resources, ecological assessment of the state of the natural environment.

Biological Faculty from the windows of the Main Building. 1960-1961: https://pastvu.com/p/3203

Botanical Garden. 1960-1962: https://pastvu.com/p/296667 The garden is closed for single free visits, but you can see the plants as part of an excursion group.

“On March 15, 1948, the Council of Ministers of the USSR adopted a resolution on the construction of a complex of new buildings for Moscow University on the Lenin Hills. The creation of the "Agrobotanical Garden" was also planned here. In the early years of the establishment of the new Garden, many employees went on business trips and expeditions, as they said, "for material", which - living plants and seeds - and brought in large quantities.

More than 5000 species, varieties and forms of plants available in the garden grow on the main collection sites: in the arboretum, rock garden, in taxonomy areas, useful plants, flora of Central Russia, ornamental plants, in an orchard, as well as in greenhouses, "the official says. website of the Botanical Garden of the Faculty of Biology of Moscow State University http://botsad.msu.ru

Well, in the 19th century, a cholera town with a cemetery was located south-west of the village of Vorobyovo (now it is part of the territory of the Botanical Garden, closer to Universitetsky Avenue).

On the university territory there are other sights from the world of flora, for example, a sakura near the First Humanitarian Building or an old oak tree on the "Small Lawn" of University Square. They say that this oak has become a meeting place for graduates of the Faculty of Geography and Physics of Moscow State University.

Printing house (Leninskie Gory, Building 1, Building 15)

Mechanical workshops, service buildings, warehouses (Leninskie Gory, Building 1, Buildings 16, 17, 39)

GAISH (Leninskie Gory, Building 1, Building 18 - Universitetsky Prospect, Building 13): State Astronomical Institute named after P.K. Sternberg
The first university observatory was opened in 1804 on the roof of the main building on Mokhovaya Street; it burned down during the occupation of Moscow by the Napoleonic army. After the war, the merchant Zoi Zosima presented the university with a plot at the Presnenskaya outpost, where a stone observatory was built. The first observations of the starry sky began in 1831. Already in Soviet times, an astronomical institute was created there, named after Professor Pavel Sternberg. A separate large building was built for him on the Lenin Hills.

1956: https://pastvu.com/p/898 A forest managed to grow on the wasteland, among which a baseball stadium was built. Part of the former wasteland is occupied by outbuildings, hangars, garages.

The current park around the State Aviation Institute looks unkempt; the paths to the research instruments are overgrown with grass. Here you feel a touch of great history and sadness that the authorities, carried away by new innovative projects, such as Skolkovo, forget about the origins of Soviet science.

Students at the horizontal solar telescope. 1989: https://pastvu.com/p/425434

The building with a retractable roof, where the astronomical station wagon was located, on which Professor Vilen Nesterov experimented with observations in the first vertical.

Reflector telescope tower AZT-2

The APM-10 travel instrument is used to determine the time of passage of the stars through some vertical plane, usually the meridian or the first vertical.

The tower of a dismantled telescope, which was sent to Uzbekistan in Soviet times

Ventkiosk

The Meteorological Observatory (Leninskie Gory, Building 1, Building 27) was founded in 1954 as an educational and methodological center and scientific base for studying the climate of Moscow. The observatory has a unique complex of continuous observations of the ecological and climatic characteristics of the atmosphere, which are carried out on the basis of modern methods in accordance with accepted international and domestic standards.

The observatory carries out round-the-clock observations of numerous meteorological elements: atmospheric pressure; air temperature, soil surface and ground at different depths up to 3.2 meters; the depth of soil freezing; air humidity indicators; general and low clouds; the state of the sun disk; atmospheric phenomena; the amount and duration of precipitation; horizontal visibility and cloud base; wind speed and direction; the duration of the sunshine; the height of the snow cover, etc.

In the foreground are sodars used to measure the structure of vertical turbulence and the wind profile in the lower atmosphere by sound sounding. This device beeps periodically, sending sound vibrations into the atmosphere.

Stationary of the Faculty of Soil Science (Leninskie Gory, Building 1, Building 28)

3rd educational building (Leninskie Gory, building 1, building 33): Faculty of Sociology

A few more buildings that can be attributed to the oldest:
Hydrology building (Leninskie gory, building 1, building 19)
Department of Biophysics, Faculty of Biology (Leninskie Gory, Building 1, Building 24)
Vegetation house (Leninskie Gory, building 1, building 24a)
Vivarium (Leninskie Gory, Building 1, Building 25)
Laboratory of electron microscopy at the Faculty of Biology (Leninskie Gory, building 1, building 32)

Of the later Soviet buildings, the 1st humanitarian building stands out (Leninskie Gory, building 1, building 51), 1971. It houses the Faculty of History, Law, Philology, Philosophy, some auxiliary premises of the Faculty of Foreign Languages, the Institute of Public Administration and Social Research, as well as one of the largest humanitarian libraries.

The 2nd academic building (Leninskie Gory, Building 1, Building 52) was commissioned in 1982, it houses the Faculty of Computational Mathematics and Cybernetics, the Graduate School of Business, the Faculty of Mechanics and Mathematics, the Faculty of Pedagogical Education, the Center for Intensive Learning in Foreign Languages, the Preparatory Department ...

In 1967, canteen No. 8 was opened (Leninskie Gory, Building 1, Building 44). They cooked excellently in the dining room, especially for the professors' hall. They remember that the Time Machine group performed here more than once.

In 1971 a grocery store was opened (Leninskie Gory, Building 1, Building 54)

Metro "University". 1978: https://pastvu.com/p/19167 Universitet metro station opened in 1959. It is located at a decent distance from the main buildings of Moscow State University, since it was impossible to lay track tunnels closer to the Main Building.

"University" is a rare case when two lobbies were erected at the station at once, two identical round washers. Even at the crowded VDNKh station, which opened a year earlier, the metro builders provided only one lobby. In the station hall, the final scene of the film "I Walk Through Moscow" directed by Georgy Danelia was filmed with the participation of Nikita Mikhalkov, Galina Polskikh, Alexei Loktev. "And I'm walking, walking around Moscow ..." - "Why are you shouting?" - "I sing." - "Well, sing again!" The most romantic film about Moscow was released in 1963, old courtyards, the Garden Ring, GUM, Pokrovsky Cathedral were also included in the frame, and episodes filmed at the Gorky Central Park of Culture and Leisure are especially interesting.

- (until 1935 Vorobyovy Gory) the name of the steep right root bank of the river. Moscow, in the southwest of Moscow (on the section from the mouth of the Setun River to the bridge of the Okruzhnaya Railway, near the Central Park of Culture and Leisure). Height up to 80 m. Folded ... ... Great Soviet Encyclopedia

"Lenin's mountains"- metro station on the Sokolnicheskaya line. Opened in 1959. Architects M.P. Bubnov, A.S. Markelov, M.F. Markovsky, A.K. Ryzhkov, B.I. Thor. The station is located in the lower tier of the metro bridge. The lobbies (architects N.I.Demchinsky, V.I. Alyoshin) have ... ... Moscow (encyclopedia)

Lenin's mountains-, their mountains. The name of the hill on the right bank of the river. Moscow within the city of Moscow (up to 1924 Vorobyovy Gory). ITU, vol. 2, 248; BES, 702 ... Explanatory dictionary of the language of the Soviets

Lenin's mountains- Lenin Hills, the name of Sparrow Hills in 1924-91 ... Dictionary "Geography of Russia"

Leninskie Gory (metro station)- Station "Vorobyovy Gory" Sokolnicheskaya line Moscow metro "Leninskie Gory" before reconstruction (above) and "Vorobyovy Gory" after (below) ... Wikipedia

Sparrow Hills- This term has other meanings, see Sparrow Hills (meanings). Historical area in Moscow Sparrow Hills ... Wikipedia

Vorobyovy Gory (metro station)- This term has other meanings, see Sparrow Hills (meanings). The style of this article is unencyclopedic or violates the norms of the Russian language. The article should be corrected according to the stylistic rules of Wikipedia ... Wikipedia

Sparrow Hills

Sparrow Hills (Moscow)- Slopes of Vorobyovy Gory Trinity Church on Vorobyovy Gory Vorobyovy Gory (in 1935 1999 Leninskie Gory) is the name of the area in the southwest of Moscow, which is the high right bank of the Moskva River (steep cliff of the Teplostan Upland, ... ... Wikipedia

Sparrow Hills- Slopes of Vorobyovy Gory Trinity Church on Vorobyovy Gory Vorobyovy Gory (in 1935 1999 Leninskie Gory) is the name of the area in the southwest of Moscow, which is the high right bank of the Moskva River (steep cliff of the Teplostan Upland, ... ... Wikipedia

Books

• Moscow. Guide, IK Myachin. The guide includes a brief description of the flag, the coat of arms of the capital, the main industrial centers, centers of culture, medicine, as well as the division into districts. Routes for tourists are described: Central ... Buy for 300 rubles
• Leonid Martynov. Poems, Leonid Martynov. Lifetime edition. Moscow, 1957. Publishing house "Young Guard". Publishing binding. The preservation is good. The collection of Leonid Martynov presents such of his poems as "Dream ...

Wondering how to get to 1 Leninskie Gory Street, Building 53 in Ramenki, United States? Moovit helps you find the best way to get to 1 Leninskie Gory Street 53 with step-by-step directions from the nearest public transit station.

Moovit offers free maps and real-time navigation to help you find your way around the city. View schedules, routes, timetables, and find out how long does it take to get to 1 Leninskie Gory Street, bldg. 53 in real time.

Looking for the nearest stop or station to 1 Leninskie Gory Street 53? Check out this list of stops closest to your destination: Д / К Мгу; Mendeleevskaya St.

You can get to 1 Leninskie Gory Street 53 by Bus, Metro or Trolleybus. These are the lines and routes that have stops nearby - Bus, Metro

Want to check if there is another way to get you there faster? Moovit helps you find alternative routes and times. Get directions from and directions to 1 Bldg. 53 Leninskie Gory Street easily from the Moovit App or Website.

We make riding to 1 Leninskie Gory Street 53 easy, which is why over 720 million users trust Moovit as the best app for public transit. Including the residents of Ramenki! You don't need to download an individual bus app or train app, Moovit is your all-in-one transit app that helps you find the best bus and train time available.