home Fishing rod Where Romanov lived. Palace Embankment Palace Embankment Story

Where Romanov lived. Palace Embankment Palace Embankment Story

Palace Embankment - almost the same rove in St. Petersburg. In 1705, at the then still marsh river banks built a house of one of the creators of the Army Fleet, Admiral General Fyodor Matveyevich Apraksin. Later, Anna Ioannovna was settled in this house. As the embankment itself, originally called the top, the mansion was wooden. On him, during the active development period, the so-called "red line" was determined for the street.

In 1712, the wedding chambers of Peter I were erected, nearby the houses of the emperor were gradually grew nearby. Four years later, the personal residence of the king was erected here - Winter Palace Peter (today preserved only partially and is located in the building of the Hermitage Theater). And in 1710-1714 in the summer garden, the construction of the same name Palace on the project Domenico Trezini, the founder of the European school in domestic architecture was taken. This building came to us in almost unchanged and now is a branch of the Russian Museum.

The central quarters gradually turned into the kingdom of "Stone Chambers", but only in the middle of the XVIII century, when the river was installed in the shallow water of the river and additionally strengthened the land of the land, the construction of an updated embankment was possible. It was with the Palace that the history of the stone streets of the city began, it was the first to be ridiculed into granite slabs in accordance with the design of the architect Yuri Felten. At the same time, the first moor ladders appeared. After the construction of the Winter Palace on the project Bartolomeo Rastrelli behind the embankment, its modern name was secured.

However, half a century later appearance The streets were not at all the parade - piles of building materials, intended for the construction of the General Staff, were piled between the barns and the sheds. By order of Nicholas I, another architect with Italian roots, Karl Rossi, developed a reconstruction project. The descent to the Neva was decorated with bronze sculptures of lions and vases from polished Porphira. The latter became a gift to the Russian emperor from King Sweden Charles XIV. In 1873, both were transferred to the Admiralty embankment, where there are still.

Since its inception, the street was different names: cash or stone line, upper or millions of embankment, the embankment of the Ninthian January. Since 1944, the name of the Palace Embankment was officially enshrined.

Attractions Palace Embankment

Palace embankment included in the list Cultural heritage Russian Federation. Due to the fact that the building continued not one decade continued, it is impossible to say that the buildings that stand here are made in a single architectural style, each era had its own dominant. Initially, the tone was asked in the spirit of Petrovsky Baroque Summer and Winter Residences of the First Russian Emperor. Then came the turn of the monumental rococo. The heritage of these styles guests can be seen in the facades of the Winter Palace and Great Hermitage. But in the original form, most of the monuments of the XVIII century were not preserved and were either completely demolished, like a wooden opera house, on the site of which the Betsky mansion is now located, or significantly redone in the following years, as the Palace of Cantemir, the efforts of several architects turned into the House of Gromov.

But there are many samples of classicism on the palace embankment and today there are still a lot of: the Hermitage Theater, the Winter Palace of Peter I, the Marble Palace is the first St. Petersburg building, fully lined with natural stone, Saltykov's house with partially preserved interiors, already mentioned above the Betsky House, small Hermitage.

The Gromova Mansion and the Novo-Mikhailovsky Palace represent architectural eclectics, since with numerous alterations initiated by the heirs or new owners, architects largely retained the features of the initial buildings. A separate line is worth mentioning the former palace of Grand Duke Vladimir Alexandrovich, where the house of scientists is now located. He in the second half XIX century He was designed by the first chairman of the St. Petersburg Society of Architects Alexander Rezanov in the style of Florentine Palazzo.

Interestingly, with all the inhomogeneity of the buildings, the Palace Embankment in St. Petersburg looks harmonious and architecturally holistic.

How to get

On the palace embankment there are marigions for motorboats. Nearby are stopped on the route several buses and trolley buses. The nearest metro station is Admiralteyskaya, but during the warm season will not be difficult to walk from the Stations "Nevsky Prospect" and "Seating Yard".

Photo 07.21.2011:

Photo May 2015:

Palace embankment - One of the most famous streets. Stretches along the left bank of the Neva River from before. It is a continuation, and after it begins.

On the Palace Embankment there are many architectural monuments and attractions:

house number 2 - Palace of Prince Oldenburg
house number 4 - Count Saltykov House
house number 8 - Kantemir Palace
house number 10 - Gagarin Mansion
house number 12 - Saltykova House
house number 16 - Ushakov Mansion
house number 18 - Novo-Mikhailovsky Palace
house number 20 - House Moshkov
house number 22 - Mansion Chertkova
house number 24 - Trofimova Mansion
house №26 - Palace of Grand Prince Vladimir Alexandrovich
house №28 - Spare House of the Palace of the Grand Prince Vladimir Alexandrovich
Upper Lebiagia Most.
Sculpture "First Horseman"
Monument to Emperor Alexander III

Palace embankment (According to the materials of the book "St. Petersburg and suburbs: a guide to cultural and historical monuments / Yu.G. Ivanov, O.Yu. Ivanova, R.A. Halhatov. - Smolensk: Rusich, 2010. - 336 C.: IL. - ( Memorial places Russia) "):

In 1763, after the end of the construction of the next, the creation of a granite embankment began. For four years, under the leadership of Master T. Nonosov, the palace was posted from the granite blocks of capital (now Palace) embankment with a length of 1.6 km. Over the retaining wall set with a minor bias, the rounded cornice of the sidewalk slightly hangs. Parapet is made of massive blocks with rounded edges. Rhythmically repeated seven semicircular stairs, Hermitagous equestrian descent, as well as humpback stone bridges through the origins of the Red Channel, and the Fontanka completed the creation of architectural and artistic appearance of the city's promenade. The palace embankment stretching on the left bank of the Neva, the palace embankment stood without overhaul for almost two centuries and served as a model to create other St. Petersburg embankments.

The appearance of the embankment form outstanding in its artistic meaning of the building, and as well as former palaces And mansions for nobility. From here there is a wonderful view of the wide open spaces of the Neva, and.

Palace embankment (According to the book "Historical Quarters of St. Petersburg / A.G. Vladimirovich, A.D. Erofeev. - M.: AST, 2014. - 544 s."):

This name is familiar and expensive to every St. Petersburg. Today it is even difficult to imagine that the embankment could wear any other names except. Meanwhile, it first appeared in 1776, when there was already current, the architectural miracle Francesco Bartolomeo (or, as he was called in Russian, Bartholomew Varfolomeyevich) Rastrelli.

Initially, since 1737, the embankment was called cash line, which was characteristic of the front, facial streets of the city. On April 20, 1738, Empress Anna John on the proposal of the commission about the St. Petersburg structure assigns it the name of the upper embankment street. It was due to the fact that the street was higher in the course of the Neva relative to the bottom embankment of the street (modern).

The name was used until the middle of the XVIII century. In parallel, there were options: the upper embankment line, the embankment of the top stone line, the upper embankment of the River River Line, the Nesu River Navel line is either just the embankment line, the Embankment Street, Nevskaya Embankment or the Upper Quay.

But this is not all names. In the second half of the XVIII century, the definition of "Millionna" was glued to the embankment - by parallel to it. Accordingly, the embankment was a millpopian embankment, a millionth embankment of a line, a million or large millionth embankment. The last two options were used in parallel with the palace embankment until the middle of the 1790s.

At the beginning of the XIX century, the embankment called a large and large palace, and the name of the Palace Embankment was used until 1822. After that, the embankment finally secured the current name. For 101 year. For on October 6, 1923, she was renamed in the embankment of the Ninthian January (1905). And the year was taken to the brackets, so it was often descended when using this name.

Palace embankment on wikisklad

The embankment houses the buildings of the State Hermitage, the Russian Museum, etc.

Communication with the City Street Room

Main highways

Streets

Water communications

Transport

Ground public transport Only crosses the embankment without passing through it itself.

On the embankment there are pier serving water species Transportation:

Public transport crossing the embankment:

Stop "Palace Embankment" At the palace bridge:

Stop "Suvorov Square" At Trinity Bridge:

Construction history

Formation of coastline

At the beginning of the XVIII century, the swampy coast of the Neva has not yet been reinforced, the building was carried out in the depths of the plots, thus the embankment took place in about the middle of the quarter between the current millionth street and the modern embankment of the Neva and was called Upper Quay. However, in 1716, it is shifted to the north due to expansion of land plots: beat piles According to the shallow water of the river and arranged a new existing and now the embankment.

In April 1707, a decree was issued, strictly regulated the discharge of development sites, depending on the official and property position of the petitioners. The same decree established the size of land plots. All of them are a narrow side (from 5 to 12 sages) went ashore of the Neva and were intended only for persons relevant to the Admiralty department.

Architectural ensemble

Stone Parapedes

In 1761, Ekaterina II are born ambitious ambitious ideas of the capital renewal. The tasks of the city planning order began to advance, the Commission on the Stone Structure of St. Petersburg and Moscow is established, the chief architect of which Yuri Felten became established. Among the first measures to transform Petersburg and there was a replacement of a wooden embankment of the Neva by a stone parapet with marinas stairs. In July 1762, a decree followed:

The decisive role in the implementation of this plan belonged to Felten. Working work on the construction of granite embankment continued until 1780. Right soil strengthened piahnoy Boykoyu, places made the ground. Fit stairs were supposed to make straight ledge, but in the final version they acquired oval outlines. " All over the coast and marins, although the balustrade was appointed with iron lattices, but ... for strength made of sea darning panels" From the same stone laid out " a pedestrian». « From this pedestrian to homes from under old road The weak land is removed, and instead of a real depth, the foundation and particular power facilities are fixed" Along the entire embankment, lights were placed on metal pillars. Then the old winter palace has a stone " bridge with arch and balustrad " The bridge over the fountain was conceived only at the coast, and in the middle of a wooden, with a lifting device, but for the sake of strength to be built " all stone with arches", The one that has survived to the present day.

sights

Famous residents

Representatives of the rustic dynasty of the Romanovs - the Summer Palace of Peter I, the Winter Palace of Peter I, the Winter Palace, Grand-Room Palaces.
I. I. Bezzka - House 2
I. A. Krylov (1791-1796) - House 2
Prince Peter Oldenburg - House 2
C. Yu. Witte - House 30
Tarla, Evgeny Viktorovich (01.1933 - 1955) - house 30, square. four
Jacomo Kurengy - House 32
Joseph Orbelli - House 32
K. E. Makovsky - House 30 (House of F. Mengden)

For the main part of the Alexandrovsk column (granite monolith weighing 600 tons), mined in the 1830-1832 in the Puterlak quarry was used a special pier on the palace embankment. Transportation issues were engaged in a ship engineer Colonel Glasin, who designed and built a special bot, called "Saint Nicholas", with a lifting capacity of up to 1100 tons. To perform unloading works, a special marina was built. The unloading was made on a wooden platform at the end of the mole, which coincided in height with a board of the vessel. He headed the work on the extraction and delivery of the contractor, the merchant son V. A. Yakovlev, who was responsible in the entire part of the operation from the beginning to the moment of unloading monolith ashore.

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Notes

Literature

Gorbachevich K. S., Hablo E. P. Why are so named? On the origin of the titles of streets, squares, islands, rivers and bridges of Leningrad. - 3rd ed., Act. and add. - L.: Lenazdat, 1985. - P. 106-107. - 511 p.
Gorbachevich K. S., Hablo E. P. Why are so named? On the origin of the titles of streets, squares, islands, rivers and bridges of St. Petersburg. - 4th ed., Pererab. - St. Petersburg. : Norint, 1996. - P. 71-72. - 359 p. - ISBN 5-7711-0002-1.
City names today and yesterday: Petersburg toponymics / Sost. S. V. Alekseeva, A. G. Vladimirovich, A. D. Erofeev, etc. - 2nd ed., Pererab. and add. - St. Petersburg. : Lick, 1997. - P. 40. - 288 p. - (Three centuries of Northern Palmyra). - ISBN 5-86038-023-2.



Main highways:

The streets of the Admiralty Islands:

Streets of the Kazan Island:

Streets - He long left. She was at death ... "I am very sorry about her illness," said Prince Andrei. - He's cold, evil, unpleasant, as his father, grinned. "But Mr. Kuragin, it became, did not admire his hand to Rostov? Said Prince Andrei. He snorted his nose several times. "He could not marry, because he was married," said Pierre. Prince Andrei laughed unpleasantly, recalling his father again. - And where is he now, your Shurin, can I find out? - he said. - He went to Peter .... But I do not know, "said Pierre. "Well, yes, it's still," said Prince Andrei. - Tell the growth of Rostova, that it was completely free, and what I wish her the best. Pierre picked up a bunch of securities. Prince Andrei, as if recalling whether he should not say anything else or waiting for anything, whether the Pierre would not say, who stopped her gaze looked at him. - Listen, remember you are our dispute in St. Petersburg, "said Pierre, remember ... "I remember," Prince Andrei was hastily answered, "I said that the fallen woman needs to forgive, but I did not say that I could forgive. I cant. "Is it possible to compare it? ..." said Pierre. Prince Andrei interrupted him. He shouted sharply: - Yes, again, ask her hands, be generous, and the like? ... yes, it is very noble, but I am not able to go Sur Les Brisees de Monsieur [ITTI in the footsteps of this Mr.]. - If you want to be my friend, do not speak with me never about this ... about all this. Well, farewell. So you pass ... Pierre came out and went to the old prince and the princess Mary. The old man seemed lively ordinary. Princess Marya was the same as always, but because of the sympathy for his brother, Pierre saw the joy in it to the fact that her brother's wedding was upset. Looking at them, Pierre understood what contempt and evil they had everything against the growth, realized that it was impossible to even mention the name of the one that could not exchange Prince Andrei. At lunch, I went about the war, the approach of which was already becoming obvious. Prince Andrei not cleverly spoke and argued with his father, then with the desoll, the Swiss as an educator, and seemed lively ordinary, the revival that Pierre's moral reason was so well. On the same evening, Pierre went to Rostov to fulfill his order. Natasha was in bed, the graph was in the club, and Pierre, passing the letter to Sona, went to Marie Dmitrievna, who was interested in learn how Prince Andrei took the news. Ten minutes later, Sonya entered Marya Dmitrievna. "Natasha certainly wants to see the Count Peter Kirillovich," she said. - Yes, how to bring it to it? You are not caught there, "said Marya Dmitrievna. "No, she got dressed and entered the living room," Sonya said. Mary Dmitrievna just shrugged. - When this Countess arrives, Izmused me at all. You look like, don't tell her everything, she turned to Pierre. - And it is not enough to scold her spirit, so miserable, so sorry! Natasha, who was gone, with a pale and strict face (not at all ashamed, what Pierre expected her) stood in the middle of the living room. When Pierre seemed in the door, she hurried, obviously in indecision, whether to go to him or wait for him. Pierre hurriedly approached her. He thought she, as always, would give his hand; But she, closely approaching him, stopped, breathing hard and lifelessly lowering his arms, completely in the same pose, in which she came out to the middle of the hall to sing, but completely with another expression. "Peter Kirilych," she began to speak quickly - Prince Bolkonsky was a friend to you, he is a friend, "she recovered (it seemed to her that everything was only, and that now everything else). - He told me then to contact you ... Pierre silently nozzles with a nose, looking at her. He still reproached his soul and tried to despise her; But now he was so sorry for him that he had no place to reproach in his soul. "He's here here, tell him ... so that he is simple ... forgive me." - She stopped and even more often began to breathe, but did not cry. "Yes ... I will tell him," Pierre said, but ... "he did not know what to say. Natasha apparently frightened by the thought that Pierre could come. "No, I know that everything is over," she said hastily. - No, it may never be. I am tormented only the evil that I did. Tell me only to him that I ask him to forgive, forgive me, forgive me for everything ... - She shook his entire body and sat on the chair. Another never-tested feeling of pity overflowed Pierre's soul. - I will tell him, I will tell him again, "said Pierre; - But ... I would like to know one thing ... "What to know?" Natasha's look asked. "I would like to know if you loved ..." Pierre did not know how to call Anatol and blushed at the thought of him, "did you love this bad person?" "Don't call him bad," Natasha said. "But I know nothing - I don't know anything ..." She again cried. And even more feeling of pity, tenderness and love covered Pierre. He heard as under his glasses his tears flowed and hoped that they would not be hurry. "Let's not talk more, my friend," said Pierre. So strangely suddenly for Natasha showed this meek, gentle, sincere voice. - Let's not talk, my friend, I will tell him everything; But I ask you about one - consider me with your friend, and if you need help, the Council will simply need to fill out your soul to someone - not now, and when you have clearly in the shower - remember me. - He took and kissed her hand. "I will be happy if I will be able to ..." - Pierre embarrassed. - Do not speak with me like this: I do not stand it! I screamed Natasha and wanted to leave the room, but Pierre kept her hand. He knew that he needed something else to tell her. But when he said it, he was surprised himself for his words. "Stop, stop, all life ahead for you," he said to her. - For me? No! Everything disappeared for me, "she said with shame and self-respect. - Everything is lost? - he repeated. - If I were not me, but the most famous and most famous and best person In the world, and would be free, I would like a minute on his knees asked for your hands and love. Natasha for the first time after many days I cried with tears of gratitude and lunizing and looking at Pierre came out of the room. Pierre, too, after her, almost ran into the front, holding tears of subsidiaries and happiness, who gave him her throat, not to get into the sleeves, put on a fur coat and sat down in Sani. - Now where to order? - asked Kucher. "Where? Asked Pierre. Where can I go now? Is it really to the club or guests? " All people seemed so pitiful, so poor in comparison with the feeling of death and love he experienced; In comparison with the softened, thankful look, with which she was the last time because of the tears looked at him. "To go home," said Pierre, despite the ten degrees of frost swallowing the fur coat on his broad, happily breathing his chest. It was frosty and clear. Over dirty, hawk streets, over black roofs stood dark, starry sky. Pierre, just looking at the sky, did not feel offensive it all the earthly in comparison with his height on which his soul was located. At the entrance to the Arbat area, the huge space of the Star Dark Sky opened the eyes of Pierre. Almost in the middle of this sky over the Prechistensky boulevard, surrounded by the stars, ranging from all sides, but differing from all proximity to the ground, white light, and the long, raised tails, stood a huge bright comet of 1812 year, the same comet that foreshadowed As they said, all sorts of horrors and the end of the world. But in Pierre, the bright star, this with a long radiant tail did not excite any terrible feeling. Opposite Pierre joyfully, wet away from tears, looked at this bright star, which, as if, with an inexpressible speed of flights of immeasurable spaces along a parabolic line, suddenly, as an altered arrow in the ground, it was closed here to one place favorites, in the Black Sky, And he stopped, vigorously raising the tail up, lighting and playing with its white light between countless other flickering stars. Pierre seemed that this star fully responded to what was in his bloomed to a new life, softened and encouraged soul.

The palace embankment was originally called the upper embankment. It was built in the depths of the plots, because at the beginning of the XVIII century, the swampy banks of the Neva had not yet been strengthened. She passed in the middle of the quarter between the Millionnaya Street and the Embankment Neva. In connection with the expansion of land plots, already in 1716, she was shifted to the north. In the shallow water of the river broke the pile and arranged the embankment reached to this day.
In April 1707, the decree comes out, according to which the strict regulation of the removal of land plots begins. The first priority was the service and property position of the petitioners. In the same decree, the size of land plots was established. The narrow side of each put on the side of the banks of the Neva. Separations were intended only to persons relevant to the Admiralty Office.
Building a modern palace embankment. That on the left bank of the Neva, began from the first years of the existence of St. Petersburg. In 1705, the first house appeared here, which belonged to General Admiral F.M. Apraksin, in 1707 rebuilt Kikina Chambers. Already by the mid 1710s, work was carried out to strengthen coastline Neva on the plot of palace embankment. The shores were strengthened with wooden walls, pier appeared along the embankment. Thus, it was possible to move away the river bed at least eighty meters. In the thirties of the XVIII century, a winter house for Empress Anna Johnna was built instead of Apraksin's house. From the second half of the XVIII century, the embankment is called millions.
To the sixties, the millionth embankment was changed into granite, semicircular descents appeared here. But since the construction work of the architect Ignatio Rossi was performed poorly, later the embankment had to rebuild on the project Yu.M. Felten. As a result, the coast of the Neva "moved away" by another twenty-meter.
The embankment was the postal courtyard (on the site of modern Marble Palace) Because of which it was often called postal. In the sixties of the XVIII century, the Hermitage Bridge and the Upper-Swan Bridge, which connected the palace embankment with the Cutuzov embankment.
By the end of the XVIII century, a mass of interesting buildings appears on the territory of the Palace Embankment in St. Petersburg. These are the Hermitage buildings, and the Hermitage Theater, and the Marble Palace, and the Saltykov House, and many others. In the 19th century, the Palaces of Novo-Mikhailovsky and Grand Duke Vladimir Alexandrovich, the official corps of the Marmara Palace were built here.
After 1917, the embankment became the embankment of January 9th.
The Palace Embankment connects to the Vasilyevsky Island by the recruiting palace bridge, which appeared here at the beginning of the 20th century. The embankment with the Petrograd side is connected by the Trinity Bridge, erected here at the turn of the XIX - XX centuries.

- "Palace Embankment in St. Petersburg". "Palace Embankment in St. Petersburg." Colored lithography F. Perso. 1841. Palace embankment (until the end of the XVIII century. Upper embankment, the first upper embankment, in 1923-44 the embankment of the ninth of January), ... ... Encyclopedic Directory "St. Petersburg"

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Books

Winter Palace, Palace Embankment and Hermitage, Dombrovsky Alexey Viktorovich. We open a new series of publications about St. Petersburg under the general name "Center of the Empire". Books are built in the form of stories walks on the main attractions of the Northern Capital. In these ... buy for 692 rubles
Palace embankment, Solovyov Tatyana Alekseevna. This book of St. Petersburg historian T. A. Solovyova continues the series of its works dedicated to the embankments northern capital. Together with the author, the reader will make an exciting walk along ...