Historical streets of Pereslavl. City of Pereslavl-Zalessky: year of foundation, history

Located on the Trubezh River and Lake Pleshcheyevo, 117 kilometers from the regional center, 140 kilometers from the capital of Russia. Area locality is 23 square kilometers.

According to historical data, the city appeared in 1152 thanks to Prince Yuri Dolgoruky, who wanted to make the North-Eastern capital of Pereslavl-Zalessky.

At the end of the 13th century, the settlement became the actual capital of North-Eastern Russia. Also at this time, Pereslavl was plundered several times by the Horde invaders.

In 1374, a meeting of boyars and princes was organized in the city, at which the question of the liberation of Russia from the Tatar-Mongol yoke was first raised.

In 1688, on the city lake, by decree of Peter, the construction of a flotilla began, and four years later, a parade was organized in honor of the completion of construction.

In 1884, the Pereslavl water pipeline was built in the village. In 1936, the city became part of Yaroslavl region asti. In Pereslavl, Moscow time is msk.

The telephone code of Pereslavl-Zalessky is 48535. The postal code is 152024.

Industrial enterprises: bakery, production of plastic tableware, workshop of the Kodak company, production of building materials, tobacco production, food production.

The city is part of the tourist route " Golden ring".

Climate and weather

Pereslavl-Zalessky has a temperate continental climate.

Winters are moderately cold and long. Summer is warm and short.

The warmest month is July - average temperature 18.2 degrees, the coldest month is February - the average temperature is -8.3 degrees.

The average annual rainfall is 635 mm.

Weather in Pereslavl-Zalessky

The population of the city of Pereslavl-Zalessky for 2019-2020

Population data obtained from the State Statistics Service. Graph of population change over the past 10 years.

The total number of residents in 2018 was 38.6 thousand people.

The data from the graph shows a steady decline in the population from 42,700 people in 2006 to 38,649 people in 2018.

As of January 2019, in terms of the number of inhabitants, Pereslavl-Zalessky ranked 402 out of 1117 cities of the Russian Federation.

Attractions Pereslavl-Zalessky

1.Lake Pleshcheyevo- a natural landmark of the south-west of the Yaroslavl region. Overall dimensions of the reservoir: length up to 9 kilometers, width up to 6 kilometers, depth up to 25 meters. A pumping station is installed near the lake, which supplies the city with water.

2.blue stone- historical natural object, which is located on the shores of Lake Pleshcheyevo and has been here since the time of pagan Russia. The stone got its name for its ability to change its color depending on the weather. Overall dimensions of the stone: length - 3 meters, width - 2.6 meters, weight 12 tons.

3.Monument to Yuri Dolgoruky- a monument in the form of a bronze bust was erected in honor of the founder of Pereslavl-Zalessky. On the this moment the monument is located on the territory of the Goritsky monastery.

Transport

In the city is railroad station Pereslavl, which connects the city with Rostov, Yaroslavl, Moscow, Aleksandrov.

Public transport consists of buses and fixed-route taxis.

From the bus station of the city there are bus services to

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The city of Pereslavl-Zalessky has a great attraction as an ancient cultural and architectural monument: it is the same age as Moscow (founded in 1152), and now one of the most interesting centers of the Yaroslavl region. Not only architectural masterpieces give reason to include it in the "Golden Ring" of old Russian cities. Many events of Russian history took place within the walls and on the ground of this ancient city.

V. Berdnikov

Pereslavl-Zalessky. The name of this ancient provincial town alone fascinates and attracts at the same time. It seems to invite you to a fascinating old Russian fairy tale that lives in the midst of modernity. The history of the Zalessky region originated somewhere far away in the mists of time. Its initial stages are the departure of the last glacier, the appearance of taiga forests and rivers with their various inhabitants, and, as a consequence of the previous one, the arrival of the first people. The largest parking lot ancient settlements in the Neolithic era, it was located on the eastern shore of the lake at the mouth of the river, later named Trubezh. Today this place is known as Pereslavskaya Rybnaya Sloboda. It represents the oldest part of the city, a corner on the river, beloved by artists, with weeping willows reflected in the water and old wooden huts along the banks. Another independent site of the ancient inhabitants of the region was located on the so-called Bolshaya Pesoshnica - on the banks of the same river, approximately where Trubezhnaya Street is now located. This is evidenced by finds, including shards of dishes with ornaments and in large numbers animal bones.

From time immemorial, the hilly north-eastern shore of Lake Zalesky, called Kleshchino in ancient times, has also been attractive to people. According to archaeological research, in the 4th century AD, this coast was inhabited by the Finno-Ugric tribes of the Merya. In the 9th-10th centuries, during the influx of population from the south to the north-east of Russia, Slavs from the Novgorod and Dnieper lands came to Zalesye in search of fertile places. On the northeastern shore of the lake, they founded a settlement, giving it the name Kleshchin. Evidence of those times has survived to this day, and it is they that today make up one of the popular tourist routes. This is the north-eastern shore of Lake Pleshcheyevo, beloved by guests of the city and Pereslavl, where the Kleshchinsky complex is located. It includes the remains of an ancient Slavic town, a burial mound, Alexandrova Gora, which was formerly a pagan temple, and the legendary Blue Stone, which Merya and Slavs once worshiped.

Information from the annals tells that in 1152, one of the younger sons of Vladimir Monomakh, Yuri Dolgoruky, moved the city "like on the Kleshchina Lake" to the intersection of important trade routes near the mouth of the river and "... lay a great city and put up a church of the Holy Savior ...". The settlement that arose, "adopted the glory" of the surrounding cities, was named Pereyaslavl Novy. This is a proud name, according to the historian M.I. Smirnov, sounds like "... fighting and completely akin to the favorite princely and retinue names: Yaroslav, Svyatoslav, Izyaslav ...". The town, which arose in the 12th century in the north of Russia, became the third in a row with a similar name - after Pereyaslavl of Kiev (993) and Ryazan (1095). And only in the 15th century near Pereyaslavl, located from Kyiv “beyond the Bryn forests”, the more well-known name of the city, Pereslavl-Zalessky, was finally established.

This is a beautiful old city with an unusually interesting and eventful history. Its picturesque corners keep the memory of many famous political figures and important historical facts. Particularly striking in the history of Pereslavl was the 13th century, when the city was the capital of a vast specific principality, and at the same time a major cultural and political center of the North-East of Russia. In those years, independent chronicling was conducted in the city, known today under the name “Chronicler of Pereslavl of Suzdal”. In the same century, namely in May 1220, the famous Russian commander Alexander Yaroslavovich, later nicknamed Nevsky, was born here. At one time, he restored Pereslavl after another devastation by the Tatars and founded a monastery on Alexander Hill. The holy noble prince Alexander Nevsky is especially revered in his homeland, he is one of the seven Pereslavl saints.

Pereslavl is one of the few Russian cities where you can see the earthen fortress of the 12th century that once surrounded the settlement. The monument of early fortification has existed for more than eight and a half centuries and has been perfectly preserved to this day. Today, the ancient ramparts of Pereslavl are an excellent place for walking; a magnificent panorama of the old city opens from here.

Conducted studies of the area showed that the inner area of ​​the city in the first centuries of its existence was about 500 meters wide and 700 meters long. Earthen walls with a circumference of more than 2.5 km once reached an impressive height - up to 16 meters. The Pereslavl fortress was surrounded by rivers - Trubezh, Murmash and an artificial reservoir - a deep ditch with dug pointed stakes along the edges. The crest of the shaft in the old days was crowned with wooden chopped walls with towers. They repeatedly burned during princely civil strife or Tatar raids, but then were restored. However, in the 18th century, the wooden walls were finally dismantled "because of dilapidation and uselessness."

On the Red Square of Pereslavl, in a complex with an old bulk shaft, there is a small single-domed stone church - the Transfiguration Cathedral, founded by Yuri Dolgoruky in 1152 for the needs of the princely court and the garrison of the fortress. It is one of the oldest architectural monuments of the Vladimir-Suzdal school of architecture. The construction of this temple was carried out for five years and was completed, according to many historians, by the son of the founder of the city, Andrei Bogolyubsky. The Byzantine-style white-stone Savior is a four-pillar cross-domed church traditional for the middle of the 12th century. Its image is simple, and the decoration is stingy, only the drum of the dome and the cornices of the altar apses are decorated with arched belts. Despite the very turbulent course of many centuries, time almost did not leave an imprint on the appearance of the old Pereslavl church. However, now in the ancient walls of the Cathedral of the Transfiguration of the Savior there is no former magnificent interior filling, which once impressed the ancestors. Many priceless items of ancient Russian art - church utensils, icons, books - disappeared without a trace during numerous ruins and fires. The original fresco painting of the second half of the 12th century also turned out to be lost. Miraculously, a silver chalice of the 12th century, decorated with ornaments, survived to this day, according to legend, donated to the Pereslavl Cathedral by Yuri Dolgoruky. Today this unique monument of arts and crafts can be seen in the Armory of the Moscow Kremlin. The 14th-century temple icon “Transfiguration” attributed to the workshop of Theophan the Greek has survived to this day. The icon has been in Moscow since the 1920s, being one of the famous exhibits of the Tretyakov Gallery. The marble altar barrier installed in the temple dates back to the 19th century. Previously, the ancient one-domed cathedral was not only the main church of the city, but also the tomb of the Pereslavl specific princes. The son and grandson of Prince Alexander Nevsky, Dmitry Alexandrovich and Ivan Dmitrievich, are buried in it. Like his father, Dmitry Alexandrovich, proved to be an outstanding commander of his time. And Ivan Dmitrievich, having no direct heirs, before his death in 1302, bequeathed Pereslavl to a Moscow ally - his uncle Daniil Alexandrovich. This circumstance played an important role in the further formation of Moscow as the capital of Russia. As a sign of the voluntary accession of Pereslavl, a tradition appeared - to serve smoked Pereslavl herring - vendace, which has been found in Lake Pleshcheyevo since ancient times, on the royal table at the coronation of the heir to the Moscow throne.

During the Muscovite period, Zalesky city was actually the second religious capital of the Russian state. The names of many famous church leaders and saints are associated with Pereslavl, including Sergius of Radonezh, Dmitry Prilutsky, Metropolitans Pimen, Athanasius, Peter and others.

Pereslavl is closely intertwined with the fate of the wife of Grand Duke Dmitry Donskoy Evdokia, who escaped with a baby in the city of Zalessky from the persecution of Khan Tokhtamysh. Later, with her donations, the Goritsky Monastery, burnt by the Tatars, was restored and a new wooden church of St. John the Theologian was built on the banks of the Trubezh River.

Vasily III and Ivan the Terrible visited Pereslavl many times, making rich contributions to the Nikitsky, Trinity Danilov and Goritsky monasteries. Under Ivan IV Alexandrov, the settlement of the Pereslavl district became the center of the oprichnina, in which Pereslavl residents Malyuta Skuratov, Alexei and Fyodor Basmanov played a prominent role.

The surviving documents clearly show that many merchants and artisans lived in Pereslavl in the 16th century. Among the latter were shoemakers, spoon-makers, nail-makers. A special place was occupied by fishermen and falconers who served the princely court and were exempted from the usual city duties.

The energetic “king-carpenter, king-worker” Peter I also left his bright mark in the history of the city, having built a funny fleet on the shores of Lake Pleshcheyevo at the end of the 17th century, which laid the foundations of Russian shipbuilding. The historical museum-estate with the affectionate name "Boat of Peter the Great", where Peter's business yard was once located, today is of great interest among Russians and foreign guests who want to see firsthand the cradle of the Russian fleet - the oval Pereslavl lake - and Peter's boat "Fortune", what is stored in the museum on Mount Gremyach.

A popular attraction of Pereslavl today is the largest provincial historical, architectural and art museum-reserve in Russia, located within the walls of the former Goritsky Monastery. For almost fifty years, starting in 1744, this ancient monastery was the center of a vast diocese, including Mozhaisk, Dmitrov, Volokolamsk, Ruza and other ancient Russian cities. Today, many unique monuments of antiquity and art are stored in Goritsy, including church utensils, paintings, furniture, household items, etc.

During the existence of the Pereslavl diocese, more than six thousand inhabitants lived in the city. But after the plague of 1771, this number remained

only half of the citizens. The basis of the settlement was the merchants, who, according to 1776, owned 61 shops and 6 taverns, where there was a brisk trade in goods typical of that time: clothes, cloth, “trifles for the townsfolk and the peasantry”, as well as food products - “living creatures and indigenous fish” , nuts, gingerbread, sugar, flour, apples and grape drinks.

Remaining a major spiritual center of Russia with many churches, the famous Pereslavl-Zalessky from the 18th century "quietly rested on the laurels of its past." At first it was the center of the province of the Moscow province, and since 1778 it was the county town of the Vladimir province. However, even then Pereslavl was considered one of the first in trade and industry among the same county towns in central Russia. In the second half of the 19th century, there were six linen factories, a carriage and sausage establishment, thirteen factories, including fur, tobacco and candle factories. The largest in the city was the Borisov paper-spinning factory, which employed more than two thousand people.

But gradually the economy of the city of Zalesky declined, and Pereslavl turned from a once developed settlement into a quiet county town. The reason for this, many tend to consider the absence in the city railway. It passed only 18 versts from Pereslavl, as a result of which it was deprived of opportunities for economic growth for many years.

Today, Pereslavl-Zalessky is part of the famous Golden Ring of Russia tour route and, despite the fact that many city churches were lost during the Soviet years, Pereslavl is still one of the centers of Russian Orthodoxy.

At present, Pereslavl is a regional center of the Yaroslavl region with a population of about 42,000 people. This is a cozy, clean and attractive Russian corner for tourists with beautiful landscapes, ancient Orthodox shrines and old houses along the central streets. Not once from the local nature and rich history people of art were fruitfully inspired. The Pereslavl land was captured in their works by the writers N.A. Ostrovsky and M.M. Prishvin, artist K. Korovin, D. N. Kardovsky and many others.

The famous Zalessky region is a protected area. Its lake Pleshcheyevo today has dimensions of more than 6.5 km x 9.5 km and is one of the largest lakes in the Upper Volga region, as well as the center of the National Park of the same name.

On the outskirts of the city, Pereslavl people bake delicious bread and make cheese, produce photographic paper and various packaging. Graduates of local schools have the opportunity, without leaving the city, to continue their studies at the Film and Photo Technical College, which was named after Alexander Nevsky, or at the University of Pereslavl with the main areas of applied mathematics and computer science.

locals, accustomed to the measured rhythm of life, in their free time they like to relax in the bosom of nature, enjoying the coolness of the lake or river, skiing and sledding from steep snow-covered hills in winter.

Very often on weekends, the picturesque Pereslavl region is filled with vacationers from near and far cities, many of whom are not the first time in Zalessky. Most of the visitors tend to first of all visit Orthodox monasteries in one or all four - and visit the local holy springs.

Guests of Pereslavl are always looking forward to comfortable hotels, restaurants with original cuisine and numerous museums with a variety of collections of irons, kettles, locomotives and peasant utensils.

But especially Pereslavl residents and guests of the city love the traditional ones - Christmas at the museum, City Day, Shrovetide, Youth Day, the Balloon Festival and Navy Day. Holidays are always perfectly organized - with a unique zest and love for the native land.

Once having arrived in Zalesye, you will not be able to remain indifferent to this amazing land. Little ancient city Pereslavl-Zalessky will definitely leave pleasant memories of itself, making you come back here again and again.

“There is a lost world in Russia,
That lives not for words, not for glory,
What is lost, like Kitezh, by people -
This is a city in the forests - Pereslavl.
(Natalya Martishina)

Pereslavl-Zalessky is an ancient Russian city located in the very center of Russia, 140 km. from Moscow. This is the second after Sergiev Posad tourist destination of the Golden Ring on federal highway Moscow-Kholmogory, leading from the capital to the White Sea. Pereslavl and its environs keep many wonderful monuments of antiquity of the XII-XIX centuries and "places of memory" associated with important historical events and famous personalities.

I love this cute cozy town so much that in my own ranking of the ancient cities of Russia, it is firmly in the top three, and perhaps even takes first place in it. It pulls here again and again, and especially pulls when you just left it.

Entering Pereslavl, 4 km. from the city limits, we see the chapel "Cross" (Fedorovskaya). At this very place in the 16th century, while on a trip to the holy places, the wife of Ivan the Terrible, Tsarina Anastasia Romanova, gave birth to Tsarevich Fedor. Fedor became the last king of the fading Rurik dynasty. In honor of his birth, Ivan the Terrible ordered a thank-you cross, which was later replaced by a stone chapel.

By the way, there were three Pereslavl in Russia. "To win glory" meant - "to win". Back in Kievan Rus in the 10th century, a certain youth defeated the Pecheneg hero in single combat, "took over his glory", and in honor of this feat the city of Pereyaslavl-Yuzhny, now the city of Khmelnitsky, was founded. In 1095, the second Pereyaslavl, Pereyaslavl-Ryazansky, arose, now this city is called Ryazan. And only the third Pereyaslavl, after the letter "I" dropped out of the name of the city in the 15th century, is our Pereslavl-Zalessky.

Pereslavl-Zalessky is the same age as Moscow. It was founded by Prince Yury Dolgoruky in 1152 in Zalesye, an area separated from the southern Russian steppes by dense forests. Under Dolgoruky and his closest descendants, Pereslavl was a powerful fortress that closed the capital cities of Vladimir and Suzdal from the Volga Bulgars and the Smolensk and Novgorod rats during the princely strife.

The city experienced its dawn in the 13th century, when it turned out to be the center of a specific principality. The first Prince of Pereslavl was Yaroslav, the son of the Grand Duke of Vladimir Vsevolod the Big Nest. Under him, the city turned into a major political and cultural center of North-Eastern Russia. Below we see a defensive earthen rampart that surrounded the city center.

Yaroslav's son Alexander Nevsky became famous for his victories over the Swedes on the Neva River in 1240 and over the Teutonic Knights on Lake Peipus (Battle on the Ice). In the 16th century, he was canonized as a common Russian saint. His son Dmitry in 1276 became the Grand Duke of Vladimir and made Pereslavl the actual capital of the Vladimir-Suzdal land.

His son Ivan Dmitrievich was the last prince of Pereslavl. He died childless in 1302, and his inheritance went to his uncle, the son of Alexander Nevsky Daniel, the first Moscow prince, after whom Moscow gradually became the main princely center. But in order to keep Pereslavl in their power, the Moscow princes were forced to accept the title of Prince of Pereslavsky for another 160 years. This ritual disappeared only after Dmitry Donskoy.

During the period of the Tatar yoke, Pereslavl was completely ruined and burned to the ground six times. In 1374, an important event took place in the city that preceded the Battle of Kulikovo - a congress of Russian princes took place here, the reason for which was the baptism of Dmitry Donskoy's son Yuri. The ceremony was conducted by the Abbot of the Russian Land - St. Sergius of Radonezh. At this congress, an important decision was made to fight the Mongols.

In the 15th and 16th centuries, Pereslavl became a major craft and shopping center Moscow Russia. The sovereign's falconers and fishermen played a special role. The fishermen who delivered their catch to the Moscow Kremlin lived along the banks of the mouth of the Trubezh River. This place in the city is still called Rybnaya Sloboda. We see the mouth of the river in the photo below.

The Pereslavl great road that crossed the city in two was called Yamskaya in pre-Petrine Russia. The largest settlement of coachmen here was called Yam, and consisted of about 70 households. We see this road in the very center of the city in the photo.

Here, on hunting and pilgrimage, Vasily III and Ivan the Terrible repeatedly visited. After the ruin of the Time of Troubles, the city was almost entirely rebuilt. At the end of the 17th century, Pereslavl was destined to become the cradle of the Russian navy. Young Peter I built his first, "amusing" flotilla here.

It is best to start acquaintance with the city from the place where it originated, from Red Square (formerly Cathedral Square), with its city ramparts, the Transfiguration Cathedral of the 12th century and other ancient monuments. Pereslavl-Zalessky was founded on a cape formed by the Trubezh River and the Murmash River. From the south and west, the city skirted the artificial ditch Groblya.

Pereslavl was the largest of the fortresses built by Yuri Dolgoruky. Only later it was surpassed by the fortifications of the new capital of North-Eastern Russia - Vladimir. The earthen rampart of the 12th century, which has survived to this day, reaches a circumference of 2.5 km, its height is about 10, and its width is 6 m. Of course, we walked along its perimeter.

Near the ramparts rises ancient temple Pereslavl - the Cathedral of the Transfiguration of the Savior, built in 1152-1157. This is the earliest surviving monument of pre-Mongolian Vladimir-Suzdal architecture.

This is a small, 21 meters high, fortress temple, intended for the needs of the princely court and the garrison of the fortress city. This is what determined its austere monumental appearance, with little or no decorative trim.

To the left of the cathedral, near the city rampart, in the 13th century stood the palace of the Pereslavl princes. According to legend, here, in 1220, the Russian national hero, Prince Alexander Yaroslavich Nevsky, was born. Now, presumably at this place, we see such a wooden structure.

But, alas, there is no exact data. The memorial plaque hangs not on a wooden house, but on a cathedral, and does not indicate the exact location. It can be understood that the great commander was probably born somewhere here, probably somewhere nearby, most likely nearby.

In 1958, in memory of the great countryman, a bronze bust of Alexander Nevsky by sculptor S. M. Orlov was erected on the Red Square of Pereslavl in front of the Spaso-Preobrazhensky Cathedral. The bust and the cathedral are symbols of the city of Pereslavl-Zalessky.

Not far from the cathedral, on a place called the "sovereign's court" rises one of the most beautiful and oldest churches in the city - the hipped church of Peter the Metropolitan. It was built in honor of Peter, Metropolitan of Vladimir, who was accused by the Tver clergy of selling church positions. Peter was acquitted, became an associate of Ivan Kalita and was later canonized as a Russian saint. The shape of the temple resembles the Ascension Church in Kolomenskoye in Moscow.

The surviving part adjoins Red Square. architectural ensemble Vladimir Sretensky Novodevichy Convent. Here we see two temples - Vladimirsky Cathedral and the Church of St. Alexander Nevsky.

The construction of twin temples similar in architecture is a tradition of the Yaroslavl school of architecture of the 17th-18th centuries. In the 1990s, divine services were restored in both churches.

From the monastery, some of the buildings of which were destroyed in the 1930s, a fragment of the fence remained. Now there is a small market selling all kinds of souvenirs.

Nearby there is a bridge over the Trubezh River, beyond which the old part of the city continues. We find ourselves on Rostovskaya Street, along which tomorrow morning we will go further, to Rostov the Great, and then even further - to our beloved city of Yaroslavl.

The city has several churches built in the "provincial baroque" style of the 18th century. They are characterized by red-brick walls and elaborate decoration of architraves and cornices. It is especially graceful at the Simeonovskaya Church, decorated with charming heads of cherubs. This church is located right next to the bridge.

And if you look into the courtyards, in front of which, unlike Moscow, there are no bars with combination locks, you can see typical Russia at the beginning of perestroika, which was so angry then, and which looks so exotic now.

The Trubezh River divides the city into two parts. Last year, the bridge over it was closed for repairs, and it was terribly inconvenient - in order to see another part of Pereslavl, we had to make a huge detour along the perimeter of the city in order to return almost to the same point at a distance of twenty meters, and spend almost hour.

One of picturesque corners Pereslavl - the place where the Trubezh River flows into Lake Pleshcheyevo. At the very mouth, on a small promontory, there is another baroque church - the Church of the Forty Martyrs. In the summer, the temple is very beautifully reflected in the water surface.

To everyone who goes to Pereslavl, I strongly advise you to bypass the city center along an earthen rampart. From it everything is perfectly visible, and you will not miss the main sights. Only this should be done in dry weather, otherwise there is a risk of getting smeared, there is no asphalt or tiles on the shaft, and there are a lot of people upstairs.

Most of the houses in the old part of the city are wooden or semi-wooden. Living in them is probably bad, but admiring them from the outside is a pleasure. There are almost no migrant workers from the southern lands in the city, because the townspeople themselves willingly take on any job, and you cannot arrange air trade here, since the population simply does not have money.

More modern quarters of the city still look old. They are very nice, they do not at all correspond to the spirit of evil bustling megacities, and here you just relax your soul. Here, in Pereslavl-Zalessky, I suddenly had some kind of forgotten feeling, as if I was not surviving, but really living.

This city has an incredible number of museums, mostly small, domestic ones, but still I have never seen so many museums in such a small area. All of them are quite interesting. Here in this Museum of gramophones and records we were not. It is not located in the city itself, but on the shore of the lake, a few kilometers from the center.

The Radio Museum is nearby. We weren't in it either.

The Iron Museum is very interesting, in which irons are collected almost from the time of Yuri Dolgoruky to the present day. The museum is private and also very interesting, but we have not been to it either.

We just didn't time it. It never occurred to me that such a small town contains so many interesting things. We planned to study it in half a day and move further north, but those one and a half days of constant movement that we devoted to it were too little.

But still, we managed to go to the main museums of the city, and there will be separate topics about them. The most important is the Goritsky Monastery, which we pass on the way to the hotel. Perhaps this is the only museum in the city that cannot be missed.

And there is also the Dendrological Museum, there is the Berendey House, there are houses-museums of famous people ... And we have not been to them. But we visited the museum of the cradle of the Russian fleet "Peter's Boat", but about it in the next topic. We found it by accident, in such a bright restaurant literally opposite the museum, otherwise we would have passed by.

For the night we stayed at a hotel next to this museum of the same name on the very shore of Lake Pleshcheyevo. Some of the inconvenience of this hotel was fully paid off by the view of the lake. The hostess, looking at me and our car (Moscow numbers), said that Double Room will cost 1800, but if we want personal amenities and a TV, then 2500. I agreed to the second.

Already in the room, when we tried to turn on the TV, we failed completely. On closer examination, I discovered the complete absence of any antenna whatsoever. To my angry question to the hostess, why the TV does not work, she reasonably answered, they say, but he never worked, but he is in the room, what claims? The shower was the same, the latest system, the water was not regulated, and I was first scalded and then stiff. But this is all nonsense compared to the views of Lake Pleshcheyevo.

I am a simple person, but sometimes I am drawn to lofty thoughts. All of us, people, are a small particle of God, His spark. In rare moments, in rare places, such places of the Force, we suddenly feel it, and we merge with the world, become its part, the hands of God on earth, and from the heart and from the palms it seems like a ray of such power beats that it is he who illuminates these clouds. There is no death, no pain and disease, nothing at all, except for This, of which we are a small part.

Many tourists are very interested in the city of Pereslavl-Zalessky. The year of its foundation is 1152. This is an incredibly ancient territory, which is part of the Yaroslavl region. In total, 40 thousand people live here as of 2015.

Popular tourist destination

From Moscow you need to drive 140 km to get to Pereslavl-Zalessky. The year of foundation gives it the status of a very valuable historical monument architecture.

It is necessary to move along the road "Kholmogory" to It is worth stopping where the channel flows into this reservoir. Many visitors here are attracted by the year of foundation. Pereslavl-Zalessky is also interesting because it is the center of a park of national importance. You can come by train and get off at Berendeevo station. From here you can get to the Russian Golden Ring. In 2009, a record 292 thousand people managed to visit here, most of whom were tourists. 2% of them were foreigners.

From hoary antiquity to the present day

Pereslavl-Zalessky has a very long history. The year of foundation of the city is 1152. It was erected by the prince Then the name contained only the first part of the current name as an example of another, even older Pereyaslav-Russian, which today is called Pereyaslav-Khmelnitsky.

You can get there if you go to Ukraine. This place was founded by Vladimir Svyatoslavovich. Many archaeologists and historians have painstakingly worked to find out more data about this place. The year of foundation was taken as the starting point. Pereslavl-Zalessky fully justifies the second part of its name, since it was obscured by dense forests.

Also nearby were fields that were successfully cultivated. In a word, in the bosom of the local nature, a person had everything he could need. Thanks to environment the final version of the name used today was formed, which was fixed in the 15th century.

Development

Many learned minds tried to study Pereslavl-Zalessky to perfection. The year of foundation is by no means the starting point in the story about it. Much more important is the period that began with the birth of A. Nevsky in 1220 in Pereyaslavl.

His son, Dmitry Pereyaslavsky, Prince of Vladimir, founded the capital of the northern and eastern territory of Russia on this territory. In the 14th century the city became part of the Principality of Moscow. At this point, more active changes begin, although almost two centuries have passed since the year of foundation and mention was dated.

Pereslavl-Zalessky could be annexed to the lands of Andrei Alexandrovich, but this was prevented by a letter of the Khan of the Golden Horde, issued in 1303. In accordance with it, the rights of the princes of Moscow were confirmed. The year of foundation and the first mention of the city of Pereslavl-Zalessky was the beginning great history this locality. Local residents showed themselves well in 1304, when a raid was carried out by the Tver detachment, commanded by Akinf, a noble boyar at that time. The Moscow army defeated the enemy with honor, not letting him into their house.

raids

The year of foundation is taken as the historical reference point. Pereslavl-Zalessky year of the first mention is as early as appearance. Since then, many significant events have taken place here.

For example, in 1238 the walls were besieged for five days. Similar raids were repeated in 1251 and 1281, then in 1282 and 1294. The city was burned by a prince named Black Fedor. Then this point attracted the Horde, who took it in 1382 and 1408, and also in 1419.

However, in spite of everything, the fortress walls withstood. It is thanks to this steadfastness that we can now trace what year Pereslavl-Zalessky was founded. The year of the first mention became the starting point for numerous annalistic informational data that scientists found and provided for study to everyone who is not indifferent to the fate of this place.

Historical events

This item, like many in the Middle Ages, had to go through hard times. For example, in 1372, there was a raid by Keistut, the prince, who started another fire.

If you trace the life of the settlement from 1302, governors from Moscow ruled here. Sometimes he was subordinated to princes who were strangers. In the 15th and 16th centuries it was the patrimony of the Moscow rulers. From here, fish went to the capital as a tribute.

The year of the foundation of the city of Pereslavl-Zalessky is as interesting as its coat of arms, on which you can just see the vendace - the fruit of folk craft, which played the role of tribute. It was considered extremely tasty and even a delicacy breed, it was not found anywhere except for Lake Pleshcheevoy. Now it can be seen on the pages of the Red Books of the Yaroslavl region. and Russia as a whole.

Great significance

In the autumn of 1374, Prince Dmitry Ivanovich from Moscow organized a meeting of the most important boyars and princes here. Statesmen spoke about the problem of the yoke of the Tatars and Mongols, which had to be urgently eliminated.

In 1608, the fortress suffered from a new enemy. Then the Lithuanian-Polish invaders invaded here. The Time of Troubles also left its unfavorable imprint. Starting from 1688, by decree of Peter I, a funny fleet was created here. Actually, from that moment on, the shipbuilding industry in the state developed.

In 1692, these works were completed, and a celebration was held in honor of the review. Since 1708, this area included the Moscow province. In 1719, the central point of the province of Pereyaslavskaya was founded here. Since 1778, there was a county territory of the governorship of Vladimir, as well as a province with the same name. In 1929, this place was the industrial region of Ivanovo, and since 1936 - Yaroslavl. If you go back a little in time, you can trace the creation of the water supply system in 1884. From 1872 to 1917 the city was under the leadership of the City Council. Her reconstruction took place in 1994.

Symbolism

As for the coat of arms, the first version was created in 1781. He depicted two golden fish - those same delicious vendace against a black field. There was also a lion leopard here, which symbolized the governorship of Vladimir, of which the city was a part at that time.

The modern version of heraldry was adopted in 2002. Compared to the previous image, the upper part of the composition is now missing, as this territory no longer belonged to the former administrative unit. The fish are depicted schematically. The flag is very similar to the coat of arms, it was approved in February 2002. The difference is that the background is yellow while the images are black.

Once here, you can encounter a temperate continental climate. In winter, it is cold and cloudy, with occasional thaws. This is a great place for tourist trip and nice rest. Having been here, you can saturate not only your imagination and fantasy, but also learn a lot of interesting knowledge.