IL 96 technical characteristics of the cargo. Russian aviation

"The program for the production of long-haul IL-96-400M and regional ones based on the IL-114 will be modest"published by the newspaper" Vedomosti",On May 27, Russian Deputy Prime Minister Dmitry Rogozin announced plans to start production of the Il-96-400M wide-body long-haul aircraft (an upgraded version of the Il-96-300) and a regional aircraft based on the Il-114 at the board of the Ministry of Industry and Trade. They will be produced by enterprises that are part of the United Aircraft Corporation (UAC) - the Voronezh Aircraft Building Association and the Nizhny Novgorod Sokol plant, respectively.

The cost of both development programs is 50 billion rubles each. But the scale of the planned release was small.

It is planned to produce six long-haul ships, regional - a maximum of 100, a federal official and a person close to the KLA told Vedomosti. These figures were confirmed by another federal official, specifying that the number of Il-96s could be increased to eight.

Passenger aircraft Il-114 (registration RA-91014, serial number 1023823024) in the colors of the Vyborg airline, St. Petersburg, the parking lot of Pulkovo airport 04/14/2010 (c) Pavel Todenkov / russianplanes.net

The Il-96-400M (more than 400 seats, production should begin in 2019) will be intended primarily for government agencies, primarily for the special Rossiya flight squad that transports top officials, two Vedomosti interlocutors say. It will not have commercial potential, as it is an outdated, fuel-inefficient aircraft, they explain. The previous modification of the Il-96-300 has not been produced since 2009. The idea is being discussed to subsidize the leasing of this aircraft so that the payment is about twice as low as for competing Boeing-777 and Airbus 330; this may be of interest to some carriers, given that fuel has fallen in price and the gain in efficiency is no longer so fundamental, the second official objects.

50-100 modernized Il-114s (designed in the 1980s) will be produced, the planned capacity is 64 seats, a federal official says. In 2019-2023 it is planned to produce 20-25 cars, and then, depending on demand, bring their number to 100, a person close to the UAC knows. Until 2019, six Il-114s located at the plant in Tashkent will be completed, a source in the UAC told Vedomosti earlier.

Now in Russia, 100-150 regional aircraft of various capacities, still Soviet-designed, are being operated, the official continues. This market has not been studied in depth, he admits, but a survey of operators revealed a need for about 50 new vessels. The IL-114 is being redesigned with a fuselage to make the aircraft lighter, and the engines will be improved, explains a person close to the KLA. If the updated version is successful, then the aircraft may have export potential, he hopes.

“With such a scale of output, no program, of course, will pay off,” the federal official argues. - But UAC has local tasks: government agencies need some of their own wide-body aircraft, domestic airlines need some regional aircraft; in addition, production capacities will be loaded. True, resources are being scattered, he adds, because these models have no further prospects, unlike the short-haul SSJ100 produced by the UAC and the medium-haul MS-21 being developed - the export potential of these aircraft will help create new aircraft.

The production of Il-96 and Il-114 will be financed in the fourth quarter, subject to adjustments to the budget, a spokesman for the Ministry of Industry and Trade says. A spokesman for the KLA declined to comment.

“Aircraft only for the Russian market is a deliberately unprofitable project,” Fyodor Borisov, a leading researcher at the Institute of Transport Economics at the Higher School of Economics, is categorical. “In such projects, one must initially focus on a competitive product for the world market and making a profit, even in the conditions of a mobilization economy.” However, a regional aircraft may be in demand, he admits: the An-24s that prevail in the domestic fleet have been flying for a very long time. And it is impossible to create a wide-body aircraft based on the Il-96 that is in demand on the world market, he is sure.

Among the numerous models of aircraft manufactured by domestic manufacturers, the Il-96 stands out for its special reliability and excellent performance. According to analytical data confirmed by world experts, it was this model that demonstrated safety in operation, given that there was not a single case of death on board.

Domestic manufacturers presented several modifications of the Il-96 to the public.. After analyzing the flight characteristics and internal equipment, almost all models were highly appreciated by experts. However, for various reasons, the mass production of some aircraft was frozen.

In the early 80s of the last century, engineers working in the Ilyushin design bureau developed the Il-95 aircraft to serve long passenger flights. As a base for the new model, it was decided to use the IL-86.

When creating an improved air transport, the specialists made some changes to the basic development, which can be seen by looking at the photo. For example, the fuselage was shortened, and the length of the keel, on the contrary, was increased, and the liner was also equipped with modern avionics and a powerful power unit.

The Il-96-300 model was launched into serial production in the early 1990s, and after only a year, the airliner began to serve passengers. Domestic aircraft manufacturers have built and put into operation 22 units of reliable and safe aircraft of the series under consideration. Moreover, one of the models of this series Il-96 300 PU was used for air transportation President of the Russian Federation.

Unfortunately, further fate The aircraft project turned out to be rather complicated. First hit on further development The project was inflicted by the Russian government, approving the order regarding the removal of the mandatory contribution from aircraft manufactured by foreign constructs when importing equipment into the territory of our country.

The well-known airline Aeroflot, in response to the adoption of the new law, issued a statement that if duties are really reduced, then the company is ready to buy Il-96 aircraft. The issue of removing duties was resolved, but, unfortunately, Aeroflot did not keep its promises, that is, it did not buy a large batch of aircraft.

Despite this unfortunate incident, Russian airliner very interested in potential foreign buyers. Which, however, is not surprising, because even looking at the photo of the interior of the IL-96, you can see strengths. Buyers were no less impressed by the flight and navigation complex, created according to a special design that allowed pilots to fly an airliner without the help of a navigator.

Russian designers decided to equip this particular model with the latest equipment:

• the latest generation control system VSUP-85-4;
• the latest indicators;
• upgraded electronic scoreboards.

The cabin of the IL-96 is quite spacious and provides for a modern air conditioning system that supplies air from the engines to the compartment.

At the beginning of 2009, it was decided to stop the production of the Il-96-300, since this model was recognized as unpromising. However, several aircraft of this series were purchased by buyers from Cuba, and according to the data, these aircraft of a domestic manufacturer are currently used for their intended purpose.

Cabin IL-96-400

Creating a more advanced model

Russian designers in early 2000 created the Il-96-400 as an updated model of a previously developed airliner. When creating this modification, several changes were made:

• the plane could accommodate many more passengers on board;
• flight range has increased significantly;
• specifications have been improved.

According to a report published by Izvestia, the resumption of production of the Il-96 will begin in the near future. After all, a business agreement has already been signed between the Voronezh Joint-Stock Aircraft Building Community and the Rossiya special flight detachment for the receipt of several Il-96-400M units by 2020. The message noted that one of the updated aircraft models will be used as a presidential transport.

Currently, the airliner has successfully passed all tests, both factory and ground. Experts noted excellent flight and technical characteristics, as well as a comfortable cabin and the reliability of air transport.

The interior layout of the IL-96 provides for the location of the seats, which is shown below in the photo.

Passengers during the flight are in comfortable chairs. Each liner has 8 toilet rooms and a buffet room.

Distinctive characteristics

When developing the Il-96-400M model, Russian engineers made many changes to the previously created air transport model, due to which the new aircraft is strikingly different from many aircraft created by other airlines:

1. Many military units became interested in the model under consideration, classifying it as a tanker aircraft. This model is equipped with additional fuel tanks, which are located in the fuselage compartment. An additional fuel system, if necessary, is simply connected to the main one, and its capacity allows you to additionally transport about 62 tons of fuel. Such a model is considered as a “two in one”, because if the services of a tanker are not required, the aircraft can be quite simply transformed into a regular one. air Transport. Moreover, the modifications will not affect the range that the aircraft of the new model range can overcome.
2. It is equally important to note the second feature of the IL-96 - the safety of air travel. During the tests, the pilot was able to land the plane without damage according to the usual landing pattern, on which all 4 power units were specially turned off.

Not every air transport created by the hands of the world's most famous aircraft manufacturers can boast of such features.

Creation IL 96 designers was another attempt to stop the emerging leadership of Airbus and Boeing in the production of long-haul vehicles. In the 90s, when Russia was experiencing an economic downturn, a cheap to manufacture, but still inferior in efficiency to Western aircraft, a Russian airliner appeared. IL 96.

The history of the creation of the aircraft IL 96

With growth passenger traffic in the late 80s, the need for a new wide-body aircraft increased.

By the end of the first half of the 70s, long-distance flights were carried out by aircraft IL-62, but the increased flow of passengers forced an increase in the number of flights, the load on airports increased and it became obvious that IL-62 as a long-haul aircraft does not cope with the difficulties that have arisen. And the comfort on the Ilyushin is far from the same as that offered by the first wide-body aircraft in the world, the Boeing 747, which has been in operation since the end of 1969.

The new machine was created on the basis IL-86, where they left the same passenger capacity and flight range of 9 thousand km. The aircraft, which received the designation IL-86D, increased the wing area and equipped with engines NK-56, which were subsequently abandoned in favor of Perm motors PS-90. Therefore, the designer of the machine Novozhilov reduced the length of the fuselage, reduced the number of passenger seats and made the wing area somewhat smaller.

The aircraft named IL-96-300, took off for the first time on September 28, 1988 under the leadership of the crew commander of the Hero of the Soviet Union S. Bliznyuk. This machine flew over the North Pole to Portland in 15 hours and made a non-stop flight Moscow - Petropavlovsk-Kamchatsky - Moscow, covering 14,800 km.

Description of the aircraft Il 96

Though IL-96 outwardly similar to the progenitor IL-86, but the differences are still noticeable. It has a low-slung supercritical wing with a span of 60.1 m2 and reduced sweep. Winglets are located at the ends of the planes, which reduce the inductive resistance.

The T-tail on a wide-body aircraft was abandoned, but to improve directional stability in the event of an engine failure, the keel height was increased by one and a half meters. The wing is equipped with mechanization, slats are located in front along the entire toe, and double-slotted flaps are located behind. These devices create the necessary lift at high angles of attack without stalling the air flow.

Cabin IL 96

The airframe used new composite materials, which reduced the weight of the structure and made it possible to extend the service life. The chassis of the machine is designed according to a three-bearing scheme: the main brake struts are four-wheeled, the bow two-wheeled is not braked.

IL-96 equipped with four PS-90A engines with takeoff thrust of 16 thousand kg each. The power plants are located on the underwing pylons, two on each side of the fuselage. A feature of the engines is the Diagnosis-90 electronic control system, which allows you to control the operation parameters of the power plant, fuel consumption and prevent surge.

Thanks to the flight and navigation complex and the VSUP-85-4 electronic flight control system, the Il-96 crew consists of three people (without a navigator). In the cockpit there are displays that reflect information about the flight parameters and the navigation situation, on the central panel there are two more displays with an indication of the parameters of the power plants. Aircraft control is electrically remote, three-channel.

Unlike IL-86 The new aircraft has fuel tanks with twice the capacity: four tanks in each console and one inside the fuselage. The air conditioning system is automatic, supplying 25.7 kg/hour for each passenger.

The wing and tail unit are equipped with an electric pulse anti-icing system that protects their leading edges. Engine air intakes are heated by hot air from the compressor chamber.

Salon IL 96

The comfortable passenger compartment can accommodate 300 people, but for a two-class configuration, the capacity is 235 passengers. The lower deck is divided into three compartments for luggage and cargo.

Flight characteristics of IL 96 400

A deep modernization of Ilyushin was IL-96-400, below are the characteristics for this modification:

• Wingspan - 60.1 m.
• Wing area - 391.6 m2.
• Aircraft length - 63, 961 m.
• The maximum takeoff weight is 265 tons.
• The total payload weight is 58 tons.
• Flight range - 10 thousand km.
• Cruising speed - 870 km / h.
• Cruise echelon - 12 thousand meters.
• Number of passengers - 436 people.
• Power plants - PS-90A1.
• Crew members - 3 people.

Interesting facts from the operation of the IL 96 aircraft

1. Il-96 is the only aircraft with a wide fuselage, created in the USSR.
2. In the history of operation of the IL-96, there was no flight accident associated with the death of people - this is a reliable wide-body airliner.
3. One of the modifications of this aircraft is the Il-96-300PU, which serves as an air control post for the President of the Russian Federation.
4. Many of the IL-96 vehicles received their own names in honor of famous pilots and astronauts.
5. In the history of operation of the Il-96, only once there was a ban on flights due to a factory defect in the landing gear of the presidential aircraft. The ban lasted 42 days - Aeroflot suffered significant losses as a result of this precedent.
6. The area of ​​the tennis court is one and a half times less area Il-96 wings.

Video: IL 96 400 heavy landing in crosswind

From 1993 to 2013, six Il-96-300s were operated by Aeroflot. Three more such aircraft entered the fleet of Domodedovo Airlines, two - KrasAir (under an agreement with IFC, they were operated until 2008). For a short time, one or two aircraft from among those belonging to the Design Bureau flew on flights of Atlant-Soyuz and others. From non-profit structures, the “short” version is used by the presidential squadron (including former aircraft KrasAir).

Ilyushin Finance Co. did a great job of promoting the Il-96-300 to the international market. The Voronezh leasing company sold three newly built aircraft. They were acquired by Cuba using credit funds from Russian banks provided under sovereign guarantees. island republic. While deliveries of IL-96-300 to Cuba in 2005-2006. remain the only case export of products of domestic four-engine passenger aircraft of the new generation.

In 2015, Cubana de Aviacion, the national carrier's fleet, added a fourth aircraft. Unlike the previous ones, these “silts” were previously operated by Aeroflot. This experience also represents a significant event in the history of Russian air leasing. We are talking about cars from the secondary market that have undergone a change of ownership and overhaul before being sold abroad.

The commercial operation of the Il-96-300 as part of Cubana de Aviacion can be considered successful. A well-designed maintenance and repair practice played a big role here. This and other issues help local aviators to solve a specialized Russian structure IFC-Tekhnik.

Providing after-sales service (OSA) is a long-standing, complex topic for domestic aircraft manufacturers. Operating organizations often criticized AK "Il" for insufficient attention to their problems. Therefore, the successful experience of operating the Il-96-300 in Cuba can hardly be overestimated. By agreement with the Cuban authorities and Cubana de Aviacion, Ilyushin Finance Co. proposed, and put into practice, logistics schemes aimed at ensuring the uninterrupted operation of Russian aircraft delivered under a leasing scheme with export credit.

IFC shared its experience with the Design Bureau by conducting appropriate courses for the design bureau specialists. Here is what Nikolai Dmitrievich Talikov told us on this topic: “Finally, we understood what was happening. With the help of Ilyushin Finance Co., on the example of Il-96 aircraft, we came to an understanding of what is required to ensure the uninterrupted operation of aircraft. How to build approaches to providing after-sales service and how to create a support system for operating organizations.

“Having received new aircraft, operating organizations should not experience problems with them. It is necessary that they extract the maximum profit through the intensive operation of aviation equipment while ensuring flight safety. In fact, we began to think in their categories too,” Nikolai Dmitrievich continues. The general designer promises to "turn his face to exploitation" instead of "puffing out his cheeks and saying that we, they say, know all your problems - deal with them yourself."

After the withdrawal of the Il-96-300 from the Aeroflot fleet, Cubana de Aviacion remained the only commercial aircraft operator in the world of this modification. As a rule, the cabin of Cuban cars accommodates 262 passengers: the cabin has 18 business class seats with a 54-inch seat pitch and 244 economy-class seats with a 32-inch pitch. There is an option with a separate cabin for high-ranking officials - they travel on "silts" when the affairs of the state service require it.

Competition: technical and not only

After the collapse of the Soviet Union and the liberalization of the local market, a stream of "foreign cars" rushed to us. The process brought both positive and negative aspects. On the one hand, airlines have a wide choice and the opportunity not only to operate foreign-made aircraft, but also to have access to foreign borrowed capital for fleet renewal programs. On the other hand, individual managers were tempted to use business contacts with firms to solve personal problems.

Among other things, this led to the emergence of various kinds of so-called. "objective comparisons" of foreign samples with domestic ones, where there was clearly a desire to put "foreign cars" in a more favorable light than they deserved "in terms of technology." In particular, at the turn of the 2000s, journalists were presented with a comparison of the Boeing 767-300ER with the Il-96-300. Unfortunately, those who conducted the analysis clearly sympathized with the American car, "forgetting" to take into account the much more capacious cargo compartments of the "silt" in their comparison when calculating commercial efficiency. Meanwhile, a much larger fuselage diameter gives the Il-96-300 the ability, in addition to passengers, to take on board 16-18 containers of the LD-3 type. They are located in the cargo compartments below the floor of the passenger compartment (belly cargo).

“The Il-96-300 aircraft is competitive with the Boeing 767, and a specially conducted study confirmed this,” Genrikh Novozhilov told us. - At the same time, it should be understood that "-300" is a "cropped" version, and the plane was conceived to carry 350 passengers! We can accommodate 386 passengers on the IL-96M, - we made the corresponding model of the cabin and preserved it in the design bureau.

The first flight of the Il-96-300 dates back to 1988. Type certificate received in 1992, commercial operation began in 1993. In the same year, Il-96M / T took off with an elongated fuselage from 55.35 to 63.94 meters. These variants were equipped with American Pratt & Whitney PW-2037 engines and Collins avionics. They have passed certification in Russia and "shadow" certification of the North American Aviation Administration (U.S. FAA).

The Americans highly appreciated our aircraft and even used its main parameters when designing their own next-generation aircraft. The creation of the base model Boeing 777-200 and Il-96M proceeded in parallel. These machines have surprisingly similar geometry: the diameter of the fuselage is about six meters, the difference in length and wingspan is one meter. Since all this was preceded by the appearance of the "short" Il-96-300, to reproach the Design Bureau. S.V. Ilyushin in plagiarism is not possible (and the Il-86, which was produced from 1980 to 1994, has a fuselage diameter of 6.08 meters). The American designers first took the fuselage diameter to be 6.08 meters, recalls Genrikh Vasilyevich. But then another 120 mm was added, and, as a result, the “three sevens” had the final figure of 6.2 meters.

In the nineties, both Aeroflot and Transaero not only promised to buy dozens of Il-96M / T (and, later, Il-96-400), but even signed the corresponding agreements. True, the then management of the airlines did not seek to implement them. But they bought the Boeing 777, and sequentially, in several batches. Aeroflot "explained" the acquisition of the Boeing 777-200ER (the very first batch for the airline) by the fact that they are "necessary in order to roll out routes for the Il-96M."

A few years later, however, the "three sevens" were returned to the lessors (and the Il-96M was never taken) because it turned out to be too roomy for the then passenger traffic of the airline. A new purchase of improved aircraft of this model took place under the current leadership. And how super-capacious "Boeings" "helped" Transaero accumulate debts and go bankrupt - a lot was written about this at the end of last year, when the airline ceased operations.

"All Is Not Lost Yet"

Over the past quarter century, Russia has lost a lot in the region civil aviation. Often, industry positions surrendered voluntarily. Russian airlines are accustomed to operating foreign aircraft. “We are fully aware of where we are, what we are capable of and how we will ultimately attract customers. However, if the state does not help aircraft manufacturers, then all our efforts are worthless,” says Nikolai Talikov.

Today, the mechanisms of state support are being implemented, to put it mildly, strangely. For example, flights are subsidized regardless of whether they use foreign or local aircraft. “The state allocates large funds subsidizing flights for Far East, and we cannot launch our own aircraft, with a fuel consumption of 20 grams per passenger-kilometer?!, - Genrikh Vasilyevich Novozhilov is indignant. - Nikolai Dmitrievich and I preach that not everything is lost yet. We have a ready-made aircraft with high fuel efficiency and a resource of 70,000 flight hours, tested by certifying authorities and in operation. Why not mass-produce it?!"

For the past few years, VASO has been producing “silts” at the rate of one car annually. The outermost board with registration RA-96022 and a cabin for 160 travelers became the twenty-eighth aircraft of the IL-96 family. It made its first flight in November 2015 and is currently being prepared for transfer to the Presidential Aviation Detachment. The media cited the cost of the corresponding contract in 2013 - 3.75 billion rubles, which at the current exchange rate does not exceed 52 million US dollars.

Meanwhile, price lists for foreign wide-body airliners give values ​​many times greater. In particular, the corresponding document from the aircraft manufacturers of Toulouse contains the following figures in the scale of "millions of US dollars": A330-200 - 231.5, A330-800neo 252.3, A330-300 256.4, A330-900neo 287.7, A350-800 272.4, A350-900 308.1, A350-1000 355.7.

When a barrel of oil was selling for a hundred dollars or more, the fuel efficiency of aircraft came to the fore. The share of kerosene in the ticket price exceeded 50-60%. Since then, the situation on the world market has changed. Calculations performed by specialists of OKB im. S.V. Ilyushin, they talk about the following. Today, direct operating costs for twin-engine and four-engine aircraft are close. The change in prices for aviation kerosene (in dollar terms) “made a correction”, and the gap between the A330 and the Il-96-400M has practically disappeared.

"After the fall oil prices, the life of the aircraft will be determined by its price, not fuel. The role of the aircraft selling price is increasing today,” Novozhilov says.

In many ways, the selling price of an aircraft is determined by the complexity of its manufacture. Therefore, modern technologies are coming to the fore, promising a reduction in manual labor. Among the progressive moments of recent times, Genrikh Vasilyevich notes the following. According to information from American colleagues, the Boeing 737MAX fuselage will be riveted automatically. There are examples of automatic assembly of a wing on a slipway - so far not applied to passenger, but to combat aircraft. Special meaning acquires "paperless" technology, when all documentation is kept on computers. Of course, these and other novelties should find application in the domestic aircraft industry.

Series production is of great importance for reducing the cost of the aircraft. “We raised the question: the construction is not one piece a year, but, as was the case with the Il-86, eight to ten annually. Then we can talk about something. Domestic aircraft may be somewhat inferior in terms of technical perfection, but win in terms of delivery and maintenance,” says Nikolai Talikov.

“You can’t cross Russia on foot, you have to fly from the European part to the Pacific coast. If Russian airlines will be able to continue to acquire Western aircraft and operate them without hindrance - one scenario. And if the state feels that there are planes of its own designs, and it is possible to work with them… the alignment will change,” he continues.

So far, the main operating experience of the IL-96 is associated with its "short" version. An elongated version of the "silt" flew under the flag of only one airline "Polyot". At the beginning of the century, she ordered four cargo Il-96-400T from IFC with PS-90A1 engines. Three of them were built and handed over to the customer. After the termination of the airline, these cars were returned to the lessor. Two cargo aircraft in the factory, they were converted into a special-purpose version for the "siloviki".

The decision in favor of serial production of the Il-96-400M will make it possible to maintain a large aircraft plant. At first, the airliner will be produced in Voronezh in parallel with the military transport Il-112V. The latter will be assembled "under the wing" of the Il-96 and "will not play the weather" in terms of loading the plant and redevelopment of the final assembly shop. By the standards of such a large enterprise as VASO, the expected demand for turboprop military transport aircraft is relatively small. After the completion of the Il-112V series, what should the plant do next? The answer is IL-96-400M!

The documentation for the IL-96-400M airframe has been prepared. The decision to launch a new modification at VASO is under consideration by the industry leadership. “We expect that, if there is a team, in the middle of 2018 we will be able to build the first aircraft,” says Talikov.

Among other domestic machines, the IL-96 still looks good today in terms of weight return. At the same time, any car needs to be improved as it stays in the series and new technologies become available. According to the General Designer, it is necessary to take measures to reduce the mass of the structure in order to increase the weight return and transport capabilities. “We want to reduce the empty weight of the aircraft by several tons. This is possible through the use of modern wires and electrics, other equipment, coatings and the like,” Nikolay Talikov told us.

The on-board equipment installed on the aircraft fully complies with all international standards, including landing in accordance with ICAO Category 3 and the requirements of Chapter 4 of ICAO for noise in the area. “We will continue to improve our aircraft. In particular, if new requirements of international organizations appear, we will make appropriate changes,” our interlocutor continues.

Conclusion

In one of our previous publications, it was mentioned about the meeting of the commission under the Government of the Russian Federation, where the sad picture that had developed in domestic civil aviation was noted. "Foreign cars" dominate the fleet of airlines, and, at some point, this can lead to very undesirable consequences. Western sanctions, if tightened, may eventually lead to big problems with the provision of constitutional law Russian citizens for free movement.

Fuel cost in calculation: 1000 US dollars per ton.

The table was provided by IL.

Note. The fuselage of the Il-96-300 can accommodate up to three hundred passengers and 16-18 containersLD-3, and Il-96-400 - up to 435 passengers and 32 containersLD-3 and 1AK-1.5. To implement the technical feasibility, it is required to carry out appropriate certification work. Practice shows that airlines are rarely interested in the maximum possible capacity of wide-body airliners, preferring more comfortable passenger cabin layouts of two or three classes of service.

This spring, Aeroflot is finally parting ways with domestically produced Il-96-300 aircraft, planning to switch to the latest Boeing 777/787 and Airbus A350 in the future. The decommissioning of this type is due to economic prerequisites, since it is becoming more and more expensive to keep six cars "on the wing" from year to year.

Taking the opportunity, we flew last week on the Il-96-300 to Istanbul and back.

IL-96-300 RA-96007 "Alexey Mayorov"

2. IL-96-300 is a wide-body aircraft designed to carry passengers, baggage and cargo on domestic and international routes, with a length of over 12,000 km.


Photo from personal archive 2012, Il-96-300 RA-96011 "Vladimir Kokkinaki"

3. IL-96-300 was developed by the Aviation Complex. S.V. Ilyushin. Serial production is carried out at the Voronezh Joint Stock Aircraft Building Company (VASO).


Landing in Istanbul, Il-96-300 RA-96007 "Alexey Mayorov"

4. IL-96-300 is characterized by a modern aerodynamic configuration, airframe design, on-board systems and equipment, equipped with economical engines (four PS-90A bypass turbofan engines manufactured by Perm Engine Building Plant OJSC), adapted to carry a large commercial load. The aircraft has been certified and operated since 1993 by domestic and foreign airlines.

Aircraft weight and fuel loading:
Maximum taxiing weight, 251 tons
Maximum takeoff weight, 250 tons
Maximum payload, 40 tons
Maximum landing weight, 175 tons
Empty curb weight, 159 tons
Maximum refueling, 116.3 tons

Photo from personal archive 2012,IL-96-300 RA-96010 "Nikolai Karpeev"

Flight characteristics:
Cruising speed, km/h 850
Maximum flight altitude, m 13100
Required takeoff distance, m 3050
Required landing distance, m 2100

Flight range with maximum payload, km 9000
Flight range with the maximum number of passengers, km 11200
Flight range with maximum refueling, km 13500
Airfield altitude (relative to sea level), m -300 ÷ 3000
Operating temperature range, С -54…+45
Number of flight crew members 3

Installed on the plane modern complex Russian-made on-board equipment with six liquid-crystal color multifunctional displays, including an aircraft navigation computer system, an inertial navigation system, an air collision warning system, a ground proximity warning system, GPS and Glonass.

7. The on-board equipment of the aircraft allows flying in RVSM conditions and meeting the requirements of precise area navigation on international routes in Europe and North America (RNP-1), as well as performing automatic approach and landing according to ICAO category IIIA.

Characteristics of the PS-90A engine:
Maximum takeoff thrust (ISA, H=0) - 16,000 kg
Cruising thrust (ISA+10˚C, H=11000m, M=0.8) - 3300 kg
Pressure increase ratio -30.2
Maximum outer diameter - 2.396 m
Engine length - 4.964 m
Dry engine weight - 2950 kg

8.

9. Welcome on board!

10. With a three-class layout, 172 seats are placed in the cabin, with a two-class layout - 262 seats, with a single-class layout - 330 seats. Three cargo compartments with a total volume of 116 m3 can accommodate 16 LD-3 containers or eight pallets. There is an option with superior comfort interiors - for the transportation of the first persons of the state.

11. Resource IL-96-300 - 20 years, 60 thousand flight hours, 12 thousand landings.

12. Options for the layout of the passenger compartment can be developed according to the individual requirements of the customer.
Aeroflot business class

13. Economy premium in the front of the cabin (5-8 rows).

14. View from the porthole from seat 7A.

15. Separation between business class and economy premium.

16. The number of seats for flight attendants in the liner - 12.

17. View of the engines from the flight attendant's seat through a small round porthole.

18. The kitchens located on the upper deck allow for three hot meals for passengers and one additional tea service.

19. The freight elevator leading to the lower deck allows a maximum load capacity of 90 kg.

20. Economic salon, in the foreground 10th row.

21. Seats 34E 34F in tail.

22. Gallery 36H 36J, 37H-37J, 38H-38J - for lovers.

23. In the previous picture, Lena is sleeping in this chair and it seems to me that it still reclines. Or does it seem like it?

24.

25. Compartment for carts in the tail.

26. Freon.

27. Places for flight attendants in the tail of the cabin.

28. Six toilet cubicles.

29. Toilets are equipped with a smoke detection system and built-in fire extinguishers. One standard size toilet is equipped with a special handle for the disabled, two toilets have tables for children's hygiene.

30. On short flights, the range of goods from Duty Free is not complete, it is better to order in advance on the website.

31. Seats 9A, 9B and 9C.

32. Details near the emergency exit.

33. We fly around Sheremetyevo.

Flight video.

In its name, the Il-96-300 was regularly compared with the Boeing-767-300 as its main competitor.
On the Ila side, there is more comfort for passengers, and on the Boeing side, the cost of a flight hour is lower.

35. The difference of almost 30% between the maximum takeoff weight of the Il-96 and Boeing767 (namely, airport and air navigation charges are calculated on the basis of this indicator) is far from in favor of the domestic aircraft.

36. Another weak point of the IL-96 is the hourly consumption of aviation fuels and lubricants. According to Aeroflot, the Boeing767's hourly fuel consumption is 38% less than that of the Il-96. At the same time, the Boeing 767 has a 69% higher flight time on a listed aircraft than a Russian aircraft.

37. The American car has a 27% higher serviceability indicator (based on the experience of Aeroflot) and at the same time 30% less flight crew.
These indicators affect the cost structure of a flight hour, which does not decrease over time due to rising jet fuel prices. According to Aeroflot, the fuel efficiency of the Boeing 767 is 38% higher than that of the Il-96.

38. Here, in which a detailed comparison of the economic performance of the two aircraft.

As for the future.
Today in Russia there is no shortage of wide-body aircraft: airlines have already acquired a sufficient number of foreign cars for every taste, and there is already a surplus in this segment. And in comparison with foreign cars, our aircraft, alas, does not look brilliant.

40. Plus, airworthiness is coming to an end.

41. Therefore, most likely, the aircraft will remain unclaimed.

42. It’s not scary that the era of another wonderful aircraft is passing, someday even the most modern aircraft become history.
It's a shame that our aviation industry has not yet been able to create a new one to replace it, and the chain of excellent jet liners Il-62 and Il-96 was left without continuation.

43. Today, much is said about the preservation of history, so it would be gratifying if most of these machines found a place in the museums of the country.

44. For example, one car in the Moscow State Technical University of Civil Aviation, another in the Ulyanovsk Museum of Civil Aviation, a third in Monino (problematic, but real), and for the fourth to find a place near Sheremetyevo Airport to replace the sawn-down Il-18 (a thick hint at the promises of Mr. MM. Vasilenko , and continued).

PS: The other day, the rector of MSTU GA Boris Eliseev turned to to CEO"Aeroflot" to Vitaly Savelyev with a request to transfer one of the Ils to the university.