Story. Unique places of the Sut-Khol district of the Republic of Tyva Sut-Khol
Sut-Kholsky district located in the northwestern part of the republic. He borders in the south with Dzun-Khemchiksky, in the west with Barun-Khemchiksky, in the east with Chaa-Kholsky kozhuuns of the Republic of Tuva, in the north with the Republic of Khakassia.
District center- the village of Sug-Aksy - located in the middle part of the Sut-Kholsky district (kozhuun). Population kozhuun - 7933 people (2016)
A feature of the economic and geographical position of the Sut-Khol district (kozhuun) is its remoteness from central regions and the capital of the republic. The distance from the district (kozhuun) center to the capital of the Republic of Tyva - the city of Kyzyl is 286 km, and to the nearest railway stations- respectively: 323 km (Abaza) and 730 km (Abakan). The main means of communication connecting the kozhuun with other kozhuuns of the republic is motor transport.
In the central part of the kozhuun there is the Khemchik depression, in the north of the kozhuun there are high mountains. Most of the kozhuun (51.0%) is occupied by forests in which cedar, poplar, larch, birch, bird cherry, aspen, as well as sea buckthorn, currant, blueberry and others grow. According to the area occupied by sea buckthorn, the fruits of which contain a large number of vitamin C, kozhuun occupies one of the leading places in the republic.
The river "Khemchik" flows from west to east with tributaries "Alash", "Ak", "Ustuu-Ishkin", "Aldyy-Ishkin", "Shele", "Terektig", "Shom-Shum".
On the territory of the kozhuun, at an altitude of 1814 meters above sea level, there is a mountain freshwater lake"Sut-Khol", which breeds: peled, omul, Mongolian grayling.
The main direction of the kozhuun is agricultural.
Climate sharply continental. The lowest observed temperature in winter is 50°C, the average January temperature is 30 degrees below zero. The winter period lasts about 180 days. The hollow nature of the region's relief, with the general predominance of the anticyclonic regime in winter, contributes to the accumulation of cold air in the basin and its additional cooling.
Hot and dry summer comes at the end of May and lasts 85 days. average temperature July +20 degrees, maximum +38 degrees. There are no frosts during the summer. Spring frosts usually end at the end of the second decade of May, but in some years they are also observed in early June. Autumn frosts begin in the third decade of September, in some years at the end of August. The duration of the warm (temperature above +10 degrees) period is about 125 days. Generally, climatic conditions this region is severe.
On the territory of the district (kozhuun), from the explored mineral deposits, lime roasting is involved in the economic turnover in the village. Aldan-Maadyr, and the deposit of brick clays in the village. Ak-Dash is planned to turn over in the coming years.
beautiful Mountain Lake Sut-Khol, which is located on the territory of the Sut-Kholsky kozhuun of the Republic of Tuva, above the Kyzyl-Taiga mountain, is considered sacred. Local residents are sure that it was under the influence of the lake that this region turned out to be prolific for the great fighters in the Khuresh national wrestling.
The area of the lake is 1400 hectares, and the depth in some places reaches 50 m. Mongolian grayling, omul, peled, and vendace live in it. The purity of the waters of the lake is comparable only to Lake Baikal.
Here, shamanic rites are performed annually, during which the Lord of the lake is coaxed to help in obtaining a good harvest, prosperity and protect the population from diseases, jute (poverty, hunger and loss of livestock).
The lake has been considered sacred since ancient times, and it is not for nothing that all Tuvan fairy tales and legends begin with the words: “A long time ago, when Sut-Khol Lake was a small puddle, and Mount Sumber-Uula (the mountain that is currently under the lake) was a bump…” . There is a legend that the owner of the lake “Holdun Kok Bugazy” (Lake Blue Bull) once lived in the lake. When the owner begins to leave the lake, then thunder rumbles, lightning flashes, waves higher than human height begin to walk across the lake and crash against the rocky shores with force.
Scientific adviser, Ph.D.
The Republic of Tyva has a fairly large number of inimitable, unique places on its territory, which are rich not only natural resources but also historical monuments. One of such places is Sut-Kholsky kozhuun (district). It was officially established only in 1983, before that the territory of the Sut-Kholsky district was part of the Dzun-Khemchiksky district. The total territory of the district covers an area of 669125 hectares. It has 7 sumons: Aldan-Maadyr, Ak-Dash, Bora-Taiga, Sug-Aksy, Kara-Chyraa, Kyzyl-Taiga and Ishkin. The regional center is the village of Sug-Aksy, which is located in the middle part of the Sut-Kholsky district. The region itself is located in the northwestern part of the Republic of Tyva. It borders in the south with Dzun-Khemchiksky, in the west with Barun-Khemchiksky, in the east with Chaa-Kholsky kozhuuns of the Republic of Tuva, in the north it borders with Khakassia.
On the territory of the Sut-Kholsky kozhuun there is a beautiful mountain lake Sut-Khol, which is located next to the mountain "Kyzyl-Taiga" (mountain height 2400 meters above sea level). The area of the lake is 1400 hectares, length - 8 km, width - 3.5 km, depth - 35 m, the lake is located at 1814 m above sea level, Mongolian grayling, peled, omul, vendace live in the lake. Kozhuun got its name in honor of the lake - Sut-Kholsky.
In Tuva there is a national wrestling "Khuresh". At the traditional festival of livestock breeders (Naadym), competitions of wrestlers are held annually. All the great wrestlers in the national wrestling "Khuresh" come from Sut-Khol, and this is considered by the locals to be the influence of the sacred lake Sut-Khol. The purity of the water in the lake is comparable only to Lake Baikal. Since ancient times, the lake Sut-Khol is considered sacred, and it is not for nothing that all Tuvan fairy tales and legends begin with the words: “Once upon a time, when Sut-Khol Lake was a small puddle, and Mount Sumber-Uula (the mountain on which the lake is currently located) was a bump…”. In the area of the lake, shamanic rites are performed annually, during which the owner of the lake is coaxed so that he helps in obtaining a good harvest, prosperity and protects the local population from diseases, jute (poverty, hunger and loss of livestock).
Wild animals live on the territory of the kozhuun: deer, roe deer, wild boar, musk deer, hare, etc. Birds: black grouse, capercaillie, partridge, duck, goose, snowcock, eagle, kite, etc. The Khemchik, Sep, Ak, Alash rivers are rich in various species fish.
Ulug-Ovaa is a unique monument of cultural and historical heritage. Ovaa is a traditional place where Tuvans worship various spirits of nature, where a mound of stones with protruding dry branches is formed, on which ribbons are tied as a sign of worship. Ulug-Ovaa is located on the border between Khakassia and Tuva. It is assembled from special stones, on which letters and horoscopes compiled by lamas are carved in two languages (Tibetan and Tuvan). Ulug-Ovaa has been a place of worship for local residents since ancient times. Today it is mostly abandoned. And earlier, the road to Tuva passed by it because of the Sayans.
In Tuva, the holy spring is called arzhaan. On the territory of Sut-Khol there is an arzhaan Shaarash (Dorgun) - a radon source, which is located on the territory of the village of Kyzyl-Taiga. The water temperature in Arzhaan is + 4.2 degrees. It treats diseases of the endocrine, musculoskeletal, respiratory systems. People come here for treatment not only from Tuva, but also from other regions of Russia.
In the village of Aldan-Maadyr there is a monument dedicated to the uprising of 60 heroes. The author and manufacturer of the monument is Saryglar Ortun Ertineevich. In the area of the village in 1883 - 1885 there was an uprising of 60 heroes - this is the largest uprising of arats against the Manchu oppression and local feudal lords. The monument was erected in 1993, made in the form of a huge quiver for arrows, 68 names of the rebels are lined with metal on it. The monument is a landmark of the village.
Mount Kizhi-Unmes is located near the village of Ishkin. In translation, Kizhi-Unmes means a mountain that a person cannot climb. Kizhi-Unmes is the most high point Ishkinskaya Khor-Taiga, 2650 meters above sea level. According to the observations of local residents, it is on this mountain that the weather is born. Locals believe that if clouds have gathered over the top of the mountain and a blizzard begins, expect bad weather. It is always windy at the top, so you can climb there only in clear weather. Before climbing, it is considered obligatory to perform the rite of worship to the mountain. It is noticed that if a person climbs a mountain, then after that it rains or snows for several days, it is believed that the mountain is angry. In 1953, a plane with an expedition of geologists crashed here. The plane crashed into a mountain due to fog. One of the passengers of the plane survived and crawled through the taiga for several days to the shepherd's camp, where he was helped. In the light of this event and various signs local population there is a special relationship to Mount Kizhi-Unmes.
In the picturesque place of Nizhny Ishkin, there is a stone stele Dash Kozhee, about 2.5 meters long. As tells local the village of Ishkin Koshkar-ool Ondar: “The oldest inhabitants of these places said that once two brothers lived here - Borbak-Sat and Churek-Sat. During the war with neighboring tribes, they died. In place of their yurts, the wives of these fighters placed a stone statue of Dash Kozhee. However, Koshkar-ool Ondar claims that the stele was originally twice as high. Apparently it could not withstand the weight of time and broke off. Although this fact, as well as the names of those for whom, according to the stories of the old-timers, it was erected, speaks of the comparative youth of the monument. Stone statues of Scythian times look different. Not far from the stele there are several burial mounds, each with a diameter of 15-20 meters. They have not been looted, as they are located in a remote place.
Sut-Kholsky kozhuun is one of the most beautiful regions of the Republic of Tuva, in kozhuun there are not only unique places of nature, but also historical monuments, legends and legends have been composed around many of them since ancient times. The inhabitants of the kozhuun themselves are proud to live in Sut-Khol. It is necessary to preserve the historical heritage, cultural monuments and traditions of the region.
Bibliographic list
1. Tuva. Guide "LE PTI FUTE" - Moscow: Vanguard. - 2001. - S. 148-149.
2. Aldan-Maadyr. Memory of ancestors. - Kyzyl: 1997. - P. 12.
3. Biche-ool V. L., Shaktarzhik dugayynda chugaalar. - Kyzyl: 2C. 139
Sacred Sut-KholAbout the unique lake Sut-Khol and tourist base“Sut-Khol” was told by Amir Dulush, an employee of the Department of Culture of the Sut-Khol District.
“Sut-Khol is a fresh alpine lake. The height of the lake above sea level is 1814 meters. Since ancient times, Sut-Khol has been considered sacred, and the name of the lake in translation means “lake of milk”, and milk among Tuvans symbolizes purity. The lake is still considered sacred to this day, no one can swim there, if someone disturbs the peace of the lake, then clouds suddenly run in, hail begins. Maybe that's why the purity of the waters in it is comparable only to Lake Baikal. And also Sut-Khol is the birthplace of the most famous storytellers and the strongest fighters, and this is also considered the influence of the sacred lake.
No one really disturbs the peace on the lake, this is a sacred place. The guides tell all our tourists the legend of the sacred bull that came out of the lake to share his blood with people and save them from terrible diseases. The lake has very clean air and absolute silence. Therefore, we want to combine on the base leisure with meditation.
Our project “Tourist base “Sut-Khol” has been working for more than 10 years. But so far only in the summer. Tourists live in a tent-yurt camp. For vacationers we can offer any cuisine, national, European. We can deliver food to the yurt, we can cook in nature, we also have a canteen. Of course, we wanted the camp site to work all year round. To do this, it is necessary to build good winter houses, organize ski trips, amateur ice fishing. Mongolian grayling, peled, omul, vendace live in the lake.
We have developed several horse and hiking trails in historical and sacred places. Sut-Khol is the territory of 60 heroes, in 2013 we will celebrate the 130th anniversary of this uprising. It will be interesting for tourists to look at the unique monument of cultural and historical heritage of Ulug Ovaa. This is a sign of the border between Khakassia and Tuva. Ovaa is made of special stones, on which letters and horoscopes are carved in two languages. And of course, you can not pass by the Arzhaans, who are located on the Kyzyl-Taiga mountain. All three sources are radon. For example, the water in Arzhaan Shaarash (Dorgun) + 4.2 degrees, and very healing, treats diseases of the endocrine, musculoskeletal and respiratory systems. You can get to the lake in two ways, one of them is on foot, it passes just through the Shaarash spring. And another route can be overcome by car through the village of Bora-Taiga, the road to the lake is mountain-taiga and very beautiful.
In summer, there are shepherds’ camps around Lake Sut-Khol, so the development of rural tourism seems to us the most promising direction: many seek to relax away from noisy cities, among the silence of pristine nature. The shepherd's camp combines scientific, cultural and ethnic tourism, this type of recreation is considered one of the affordable ones, it does not require large expenses. In addition, rural tourism is an active recreation: tourists are invited to become participants in the traditional life of the Arat family, to get acquainted with the life of shepherds, with national cuisine.
Tourists from big cities it will be very interesting to plunge into a completely different culture, milk goats, cows, learn how to make skins, sew national clothes. Men will be taught how to lasso horses and teach national games. That is, people can be so busy that it definitely won’t be boring. And the rest in such a picturesque place is worth a lot.
To date, the main problem of tourism development in the region is the lack of investment resources and infrastructure. It would be nice to build cable car, in this case it will be possible to get from the regional center to the foot of the mountain in half an hour. Ideally, the construction of the roadbed would allow any tourist to get to the lake by personal transport. But on the other hand, tourists who come to Sut-Khol expect to see a unique place. And the uniqueness of Sut-Khol, first of all, in its pristine perfection, untouched nature. It's like getting into a fairy tale, so vacationers honor our lake, follow all the rules. Many tourists come to us not for the first time, for example, participants of the Ustuu-Khuree festival, and just enjoy such an amazing vacation. Yes, and horseback riding for many is exotic.
