Presentation of the city wonderful monuments of architecture improvisation. Architectural monuments
Among the buildings there are those who are called
monuments of architecture.
We will talk about the architectural monuments of our city and
we will feel pride in our ancestors.
Basil's Cathedral (Pokrovsky Cathedral)
1555 1561 Ivan the Terrible .
As if he came from a fairy tale. Small buildings with domes like a round dance
lead around the largest, central building.
A variety of shapes, rhythms, festive sound of colors, whimsical patterns.
The temple is complex in shape, like an outlandish palace with fabulously decorated onion domes.
Pashkov House
1784 1786 Captain-Lieutenant Peter Pashkov.
Russian State Library
moscow building state university (MSU)
The central building of the university complex.
Built in 1949 - 1953 Height with a spire - 240 m, number of storeys - 34.
It looks proud, majestic, solemn,
as if reigning over everyone.
How swiftly its spire shot up into the sky!
the Moscow Kremlin
fortress of Moscow the residence of the president of the Russian Federation Troitskaya
Triumphal Arch
1829 1834 Patriotic War 1812 Kutuzovsky Prospect Victory Square Poklonnaya mountain
big theater
Russian opera ballet Moscow Theater Square 1776
Your Motherland!
She is one, there is no other. This is where you live, your parents.
Homeland is also the environment: nature, buildings, fences, playgrounds, shop windows ...
The city in which you live.
Let's take a look at our city now:
The city of Biysk was founded by decree of Peter 1 on June 18, 1709. Next year we will celebrate
300th anniversary of our city.
Have you noticed that along with modern beautiful buildings in our city there are many old, no less beautiful buildings. These buildings were left to us by people who lived here before.
Among the buildings there are those that are called architectural monuments.
And the topic of our lesson today:
"Monuments of architecture - heritage of ancestors"
we will get to know you with architectural monuments on the example of our city of Biysk, try to work in the application technique, and perform creative collective work: "The street of my city"
Architectural monuments are not just buildings, they are keepers of memory.
Architectural monuments can “tell” about their time, about those who built and decorated the city.
They carry a living memory - every temple, old house, street, hut.
Biysk has 272 architectural monuments.
Monuments of federal significance:
- Biysk Drama Theater, formerly the People's House.
- Assumption Cathedral.
- Firsov Passage.
- Museum of local lore, st. Lenin 134;
- In the past, the estate of the merchant Asanov
- St. Sovetskaya 21a, formerly the Trading House of the merchant Rozhdestvensky.
- St. Tolstoy 144, Passage of the Second.
- St. Gorno-Altayskaya, City Palace of Culture
- St. Krasnoarmeyskaya 85, Alexander Cathedral (Electric furnace)
- St. Krasnooktyabrskaya 200, Zarechnoye fire station.
- Biysk tobacco factory
- St. Mukhachev, Temple of Demetrius of Rostov.
Slide 13-14
Local architectural monuments:
What beautiful buildings adorn our city!
- Select the captain of the group.
- Compare the photo with the suggested template.
- Think about what's missing in the template.
- Decorate the building using the applique technique based on the photograph.
- The group captains make up the general composition.
Guys, did you like the architectural monuments of our city?
And now you know that the monuments must be protected and protected so that our city remains as beautiful, so that the next generations can admire the beauty of these buildings.
And now let's also try to take part in decorating our city, and do creative work, which will be called "Street of my city"
(The class is divided into 5 groups, the captain is chosen in the groups.
Each group, based on the photo, is invited to apply the architectural monument of the city of Biysk.)
Guys, look, you have photographs on your tables
Now find the color template. Each group has its own template and its own photo.
Let's compare the photo and the template. They are alike?
What's missing on the template?
Let's decorate our template using colored paper and fill in the missing details.
Today we are working with scissors. Let's remember how to properly hold and pass the scissors?
Practical work:
At the end of the lesson, the captains of the groups collect the works in a common panel, the background is being finalized. The result is a fragment of a city street.
The panel is hung on the wall, a song about Biysk sounds.
Grades are given.
LESSON 11
Ancestral heritage - architectural monuments
Tasks:
· educational - to foster in students the ability of emotional responsiveness to the beautiful in life, a respectful attitude towards products created by human hands;
· artistic and creative - to form an idea of \u200b\u200barchitecture as a special kind of fine art, to show the role of architecture in human life;
· educational - to develop skills in working with various materials; develop associative-figurative thinking, creative imagination.
During the classes
1. Updating knowledge
It's so good that we are all here together today. We are calm and kind, friendly and affectionate. We are all healthy. Take a deep breath and exhale. Breathe out yesterday's resentment, anger, anxiety. Forget about them. Inspire yourself with the freshness and beauty of white snow, clear sky, warmth of the sun's rays. I wish you a good mood and respect for each other.
Today we have an unusual lesson. Unusual because ... However, you will find out everything yourself.
2. Statement of the educational problem
a) You already know what artists do to keep us warm, comfortable and cozy at home. And today we go out into the street. What do you think for what? / children's versions /.
b) Try to guess what we will talk about in today's lesson by listening to an excerpt from V.V. Mayakovsky "Who to be" / student reads /
I would go to build a house -
let them teach me.
I will draw first
the house is what I want.
The most important thing,
to be drawn
nice building,
as if alive.
This will be the first -
called the facade.
it
everyone will make out:
this is a bath,
it is a garden.
The plan is ready
and around
one hundred works
for a thousand hands ...
Good house,
big house
on all four sides,
comfortable and spacious.
and the guys will heal in it
So who guessed what we were going to talk about in the lesson? / versions of children /
Or rather, about architecture. After all, construction and architecture are inseparably linked.
3. Announcement of the topic of the lesson
So, the topic of the 2nd quarter is Art on the streets of your village (city).
Lesson topic: Legacy of ancestors - architectural monuments. / Write in a notebook /.
4. Introductory conversation
Architecture surrounds a person everywhere and throughout his life: it is a home, a place of work, and a place of rest. This is the environment in which a person exists, an environment created by the person himself. Architect. Architecture. We often hear these words. Where did they come from?
What do you think the word architecture means? / children's versions /.
Let's turn to the page of S. Ozhegov's dictionary and find the meaning of this word. / Children are looking for an answer /.
What is the name of a person who is engaged in architecture? /architect/. Listen to a poem about an architect / a student reads, 2 "Architect" slide appears /
ARCHITECT.
An architect builds a house
Multi-storey house,
Builds a house with a pencil
On a piece of paper.
I need to draw everything
Ladders and doors.
Calculate, check,
So that he stood for many years
To have light in the apartment
Baths, washbasins
For both large and small.
(G. Lyushnin)
Architecture is the art of building.
So let's summarize our answers. In ancient Greek, the word "archi" meant "senior", "tekt" - "builder". From these words the word "architecton" appeared - the head of construction work. The ancients converted him into an "architect".
3 slide:
"Archi" (senior) + "tekt" (builder) \u003d "architecton" \u003d "architect"
The buildings erected according to the architect's plans came to be called architecture.
In Ancient Rus, architects were called architects, and architecture was called architecture
4 slide:
architecture (architecture) is the art of building,
architect (architect) - chief builder / write in a notebook /
But there is a difference between building and architecture. What do you think? / children's versions /. The role of construction is to build structures. Builders only follow the instructions of the architect. Architecture, in addition to being useful to a person, satisfies the needs, requirements of a person, should also be beautiful. The architect is obliged to take into account everything so that it is convenient for people to use the building, even the forces of nature. If earthquakes occur where the building will stand, the architect should position it so that the adjacent collapsed building does not damage it.
Do you think we need architecture? / children's versions /.
Architecture and building art have come to us from afar. Where did primitive man live? / 5th slide: in a cave /. This is a building made by nature itself.
When the climate began to change, it became cold, people began to build artificial dwelling structures from bones, skulls, and mammoth skins. / 6 slide: a dwelling made of mammoth bones /
Megaliths, huge stones of various heights, reach high development. / 7 slide: megaliths / They were used for religious and cult ceremonies and rituals. Some served for astronomical observations, designated the burial place.
All this was created by our ancestors. We need to preserve these historical architectural buildings in order to know how people used to live, to know the culture of the people. This memory is essential to build the future.
Let's mentally take a look at our village, city, country. What do you think can be attributed to architecture? / children's versions /
Your answers can be categorized as follows:
/ 8 slide: types of architecture /
Architecture
housing construction - houses
public buildings - temple, theater, stadium
industrial construction - factories, factories, shops, station
decorative architecture - gazebos, fountains, bridges
Now we will take a tour around the world and find out what sights, architectural monuments exist in different countries.
/ slides 9-29 /
/ masterpieces of instrumental music sound in the background /
10. Egyptian pyramids... Stern, stern, like guards, they stand along the Nile River. Architects in Ancient Egypt occupied a special place, their work was considered a sacred act.
11. Greek Parthenon- the main temple of the Acropolis. Inside it was a 12-meter statue of Athena. Temples in Greece are the dwellings of the gods. People hardly went inside the temple. All religious rites were performed in front of the temple. Therefore, very great importance was attached to the external appearance.
12 ... The majestic, with many openwork decorations rises Notre Dame Cathedral in France.
13. Cologne Cathedral... Whom does he remind you of? / graceful, slender girl /. Indeed, such temples are characterized by lancet, striving upward.
14. Taj Mahal was built as a mausoleum, a tomb. Now it is an open-air museum.
15. Japanese temples otherwise called the pagoda. What does it remind you of (a graceful light tower)? This is the culture of Japan. Thanks to such monuments, we learn the history, culture, customs of the people.
16. Sydney Opera House refers to modern architecture.
17. Familiar to you from the lessons of English, Big Ben.
18. America famous for its high-rise buildings, skyscrapers.
19. And Paris is famous for the Eiffel Tower, which is so called because it was created by the famous architect Eiffel.
20 ... What can you say about the churches of Russia? / they look like heroes /. The Cathedral of Christ the Savior, located in Moscow, was built with money collected by the people in memory of those killed in the Patriotic War by the French in 1812.
21. When we say Russia, we represent Moscow. When we say Moscow, we represent the Kremlin, which was built by foreigners, but in the Russian spirit.
22. St. Basil's Cathedral resembles a teremok. The multicolor domes, as well as its large number, symbolize the multinationality of our state.
23. Kizhi. They say that this temple was built without a single nail. The architect who built it, after finishing the work, threw the ax into the lake: so that no one could repeat such beauty again.
24 -25. Unusual beauty of famous architects - Gaudí and Corbusier.
24. Antony Gaudíis a Spanish (Catalan) architect, most of whose whimsical work was built in Barcelona.
25. Le Corbusier - French architect of Swiss origin, pioneer of modernism, representative of international style architecture, artist and designer.
26. Parks. In the past century, many architects were of the opinion that in the future every house will be surrounded by a garden. But modern man cannot afford it. Therefore, green corners began to be created in city \u200b\u200b- parks, gardens are a favorite resting place of people.
27 ... What architectural monument in Vladimir? (Golden Gate)
Where do you think the architect gets his ideas from? / from nature /
In nature, of course! You will see how perfect the creations of nature. Here is the eggshell. How wisely it is arranged! An avian embryo develops in it. Does the fetus need to breathe? And the shell is breathable. In addition, it regulates the temperature so that the embryo is pleasant to grow up. When the birthday comes, the chick can easily get out into the white light, because the shell is very thin. But before the chick has a beak, he cannot break the shell - it consists of seven layers!
Take another look at the Sydney Opera House. / 28 slide "Sydney Opera House" / What does it look like? Why did the architect come up with it this way? / sail, because there is a pond nearby /
And what a clever nature has created a fir tree! The tree reaches a height of 20 meters. And yet it is stable. This is facilitated by the special arrangement of the branches. Architects have learned a lot from nature. The architect (his name has not survived to this day) used the idea to create the Church of the Ascension in the village of Kolomenskoye. / Slide 29 “Temple in the village. Kolomenskoye "+ rice. ate /
In architecture, as in a mirror, the history of the people is reflected, the achievements of culture and art are embodied. Perhaps only architecture is directly related to man, because we come into contact with it every minute.
Our dwellings, theaters, libraries, shops are also architectural monuments. Maybe they are not of artistic value, but they are always interesting from the point of view of the history and culture of the people.
Once again, I want to remind you of the need to preserve these historical architectural monuments, not to desecrate them, not to destroy, not to spoil them. Only by knowing the past can we build the future.
4. Physical minutes
5. Practical part
6. Reflexive activity
What did you find most interesting in today's lesson? Maybe you learned something that you didn't know before?
What did we get as a result? What can you say about your work?
What gave you joy, pleasure in the lesson?
Or maybe something upset you?
What is your mood after today's lesson?
So what did you find unusual in today's lesson?
7. Generalization, lesson summary, exhibition of works, homework
Architecture is often called "stone symphony", "music in stone", "frozen music". The architecture sounds majestic and solemn, celebrating craftsmanship and intelligence. Love your hometown, your village - a unique architectural ensemble.
Love architecture at least for the fact that it has not closed, like other arts, behind the thick walls of museums and libraries. She alone sounds imperious, singing with her stone tongue the talent of a person, his achievements, impulses.
Facades of old buildings.
Someday they will invent a device:
By directing a beam at any building -
To the mansion, to the fortress, to the cathedral, -
We will see the past before us.
We paint on the wall, layer by layer
Let's start flipping so we can open
Sprinkled with ash and ash
Empire forgotten pages.
We are unknown face masons
We will see among the scaffolding -
And let's not forget to bow to the belt.
Hiding everything that was reflected in her
Stands like an unplugged TV.
The wall is a mute plane of stones
And not answering anyone's call,
V. Shefner
8. Homework - find beautiful pictures of unusual architectural structures in books, textbooks, encyclopedias and bring them to the next lesson.
Thank you all for your work!
Art teacher
MOU "Veydelevskaya secondary school"
- - the art of designing, constructing buildings and structures (also their complexes). Architecture invariably creates an organized environment that people need for their life and work.
How do buildings differ from each other?
Basic expressive means architecture - plastics of volumes, scale, rhythm, proportions, texture and color of surfaces, connection with the environment.
House of the merchant Dunaev.
A distinctive feature of Dunaev's house among the wooden buildings of the Kurgan of the early 20th century is its facade decor. It is he who gives lightness and elegance to the composition of the whole house. The feeling of lightness of the composition is achieved by a whole system of small decorative details, finely traced and accurately executed, interconnected in proportions and scale. The plan of the house was drawn up by the city architect N.A. Yushkov. The house was built and decorated by local craftsmen.
Pashkov's house.
The Pashkov House in Moscow opposite the Kremlin is also an architectural monument. This white slender building is a real palace in the past
Moscow University (MSU)
The high-rise building of Moscow State University is also an architectural monument. It looks proud, majestic, solemn, as if it reigns over everyone. How swiftly its spire shot up into the sky!
Kizhi. Wooden architectural complex.
Architectural monuments can be seen even in a small village or village.
- – What new have you learned in the lesson?
- - Did you succeed in this task?
- - What failed? Why?
- ON. Goryaeva. Art. Art is around us. Grade 3: textbook. for general education. organizations / [N.A. Goryaeva, L.A. Nemenskaya, A.S. Piterskikh and others]; ed. B.M. Nemensky. - 3rd ed. - M .: Education, 2013 .-- 144 p.: Ill. - ISBN 978-5-09-029698-4
- Internet resources
To view a presentation with pictures, artwork, and slides, download its file and open it in PowerPoint on your computer.
Presentation slides text content: Architecture Prepared primary school teacher Prokhorocheva N.S. Architecture is the art and science of building, designing buildings and structures, as well as the totality of buildings and structures itself. An architectural monument is an immovable object of material and spiritual creativity that has national or international significance. Architectural monuments. Roman Colosseum The Colosseum is the largest amphitheater of the Roman Empire, an outstanding achievement of architecture and engineering of the time. The largest theater in the world could seat 50,000 to 80,000 spectators. Built in 70-80 AD BC, the Colosseum is an object World heritage UNESCO. Taj Mahal The Taj Mahal in Agra is a huge mausoleum of white marble, built by order of the Mughal Emperor Shah Jahan in memory of his beloved wife. The most breathtaking feature of the Taj Mahal is the marble dome that presides over the mausoleum. Its height is 35 meters, as is the length of the base. The top of the famous dome is decorated with a lotus flower. Santa Maria del Fiore Construction of Santa Maria del Fiore began in 1296 and ended in 1436. This is the most beautiful cathedral of Florence and the symbol of the city, its main attraction. The Basilica is one of the largest churches in Italy, and until the modern era, its dome was the largest in the world. But at the moment it remains the largest brick dome ever built. Jeronimos Monastery is the most beautiful of the most ancient monuments in Portugal. This monastery is one of a series of must visit attractions in Lisbon. You can go inside and see the huge room of the temple, beautiful and majestic. Modern architecture. 17-storey "White Tree" by Japanese architect So Fujimoto The project will be implemented in Montpollier - one of the largest cities in the south of France. The name Dancing House has earned its unusual design, namely the pronounced style of deconstructivism. Laughingly, the people of Prague call these towers "Ginger and Fred", after the famous dancer Fred Astaire and Ginger Rogers. The towers really resemble a dancing couple. One of them bends beautifully. This is Ginger in a flowing dress. The second one stands exactly, denoting Fred. The Krzywy Domek (which literally means "crooked house") was built in 2004 by the architectural firm Szotynscy & Zaleski in a popular shopping area. The building was recognized as the best architectural invention in Poland. In Dubai, the largest city in the United Arab Emirates, on January 4, 2010, the opening of the tallest building in the world - Burj Dubai, whose new name is Burj Khalifa - took place. The height of Burj Khalifa is 828 meters. The Capital Gate building, which precedes the entrance to the capital of the United Arab Emirates - Abu Dhabi, entered the Guinness Book of Records as "the building with the largest slope in the world." Creative work. Draw a building that you think could become an architectural monument ...
