Mystery of the Egyptian pyramids. Construction of the Great Pyramid

Pyramid of Pharaoh Khufu (in the Greek version of Cheops), or the Great Pyramid - the greatest of the Egyptian pyramids, the oldest of the seven wonders of the world of antiquity and the only one of them that has come down to our time. Over four thousand years the pyramid was the most big building in the world.

The pyramid of Cheops is located in the far suburbs of Cairo Giza. Nearby are two more pyramids of the pharaohs Khafre and Menkaure (Khafren and Mikerin), according to ancient historians, the sons and successors of Khufu. These are the three most great pyramids Egypt.

Following the ancient authors, most modern historians consider the pyramids to be the burial structures of the ancient Egyptian monarchs. Some scholars believe that they were astronomical observatories. There is no direct evidence that pharaohs were buried in the pyramids, but other versions of their purpose are less convincing.

When was the pyramid of Cheops built?

Based on the ancient "royal lists", it is established that Cheops ruled around 2585-2566. BC. The construction of the "Sacred Height" lasted 20 years and ended after the death of Khufu, around 2560 BC.

Other versions of construction dates based on astronomical methods give dates from 2720 to 2577. BC. The radiocarbon method shows a spread of 170 years, from 2850 to 2680. BC.

There are also exotic opinions expressed by supporters of theories of visiting the Earth by aliens, the existence of ancient pra-civilizations, or adherents of occult currents. They determine the age of the pyramid of Cheops from 6-7 to tens of thousands of years.

How the pyramid was built

The Pyramid of Cheops is still the largest stone building on the planet. Its height is 137 m, the length of the side of the base is 230.38 m, the angle of inclination of the face is 51 ° 50 ". overall volume about 2.5 million cubic meters. At the time of completion of construction, the height was 9.5 m higher, and the side of the base was 2 m longer, however, over the past centuries, almost the entire facing of the pyramid has been dismantled. Natural factors also did their job - temperature drops and winds from the desert, carrying clouds of sand.

Ancient Greek historians reported that the labor of millions of slaves was used in the construction. Modern researchers believe that with the proper organization of work and engineering, the Egyptians would have had several tens of thousands of workers for the construction. For the transportation of materials, temporary workers were involved, the number of which, according to Herodotus, reached 100 thousand. Modern scientists fully agree with this, as well as with the reality of a 20-year construction period.

Hemiun, the head of the royal works, supervised the construction of the pyramid. Hemiun's tomb is located next to his creation; a statue of the architect was found in it.

The main material for the construction was gray limestone, which was cut down in the nearest quarries or brought from the other side of the Nile. The pyramid was lined with light sandstone, because of which it literally shone under the sunlight. Granite was used for interior decoration, which was delivered a thousand kilometers from the area of ​​\u200b\u200bpresent-day Aswan. The building was crowned with a hewn gilded granite block - a pyramidion.

In total, the construction of the pyramid took about 2.3 million blocks of limestone and 115 thousand facing slabs. The total mass of the building, according to modern estimates, is almost 6 million tons.

The block sizes vary. The largest ones are laid in the base, their height is one and a half meters. The blocks are smaller the higher they are. The height of the block at the top was 55 cm. The length of the facing slabs ranged from 1.5 to 0.75 m.

The work of the pyramid builders was extremely difficult. A lot of time and effort required the extraction of stone, hewing blocks and fitting to the right size. In those days, neither iron nor bronze was known in Egypt. The tools were made of relatively soft copper, so they wore down quickly and were very expensive. Flint tools were widely used - saws, drills, hammers. Many of them were found during excavations.

Delivery of materials was carried out by river, and the stone was brought to the construction site on a wooden sled or rollers. It was hellish work, because the average weight of one block is 2.5 tons, and some of them weighed up to 50 tons.

A variety of devices were used to lift and install the monoliths, and inclined embankments were erected to pull up the most massive elements that make up the lower rows. Images of construction work found in a number of Egyptian temples and tombs.

Recently, an original theory has emerged regarding the construction methods of the Egyptians. Scientists who studied the microstructure of the blocks in order to establish their origin, found foreign inclusions. According to experts, these are the remains of animal hair and human hair, from which the scientists concluded that the limestone was crushed in the places of extraction and delivered to the construction site in crushed form. Blocks were made directly at the place of laying from the limestone mass, which thus were a semblance of modern concrete structures, and tool marks on the blocks are actually formwork prints.

Be that as it may, the construction was completed, and the grandiose dimensions of the pyramid fully justify the supporters of the theories of the Atlanteans and aliens who do not believe in the possibility of human genius.

What is inside the pyramid

The entrance to the pyramid was made at a height of almost 16 meters in the form of an arch of granite slabs. It was later sealed with a granite cork and covered with cladding. The current entrance, 10 meters lower, was broken in 831 by order of Caliph Al-Mamun, who hoped to find gold here, but did not find anything of value.

The main premises are the pharaoh's chamber, the queen's chamber, the Great Gallery and the underground chamber. The passage punched by Al-Mamun leads to a 105-meter inclined corridor, ending in a chamber carved into the rock below the base of the pyramid. Its dimensions are 14x8 m., height 3.5 m. Works here were not completed for unknown reasons.

At 18 meters from the entrance, a 40-meter-long ascending corridor separates from the descending corridor, ending in the Great Gallery. The Gallery itself is a high (8.5 m) tunnel 46.6 m long leading to the pharaoh's chamber. The corridor to the queen's chamber branches off from the Gallery at its very beginning. A rectangular ditch 60 cm deep and 1 m wide was pierced in the floor of the Gallery; its purpose is unknown.

The length of the pharaoh's chamber is 10.5 m, width 5.4 m, height 5.84 m. It is lined with black granite slabs. Here is an empty granite sarcophagus. The queen's chamber is more modest - 5.76 x 5.23 x 6.26 m.

Channels 20-25 cm wide lead from the burial chambers to the surface of the pyramid. The channels of the king's chamber go out at one end into the room, at the other - onto the surface of the pyramid. The channels of the queen's chamber begin 13 cm from the wall and do not reach 12 m to the surface, and both ends of the channels are closed with stone doors with handles. It is assumed that the channels were made to ventilate the premises during the work. Another version, connected with the beliefs of the Egyptians, claims that this is the way to afterworld which the souls of the departed had to pass through.

No less mysterious is another small room, the Grotto, to which an almost vertical passage leads from the beginning of the Great Gallery. The grotto is located at the junction of the base of the pyramid and the hill on which it stands. The walls of the Grotto are reinforced with rather roughly worked stone. It is assumed that this is part of some structure older than the pyramid.

It is necessary to mention one discovery related to the pyramid. In 1954, at the southern edge, two stone-lined pits were discovered, in which were the pharaoh's boats, made of Lebanese cedar. One of the boats has been restored and is now in a special pavilion next to the pyramid. Its length is 43.5 m, width is 5.6 m.

The study of the pyramid of Cheops continues. Research using the latest methods used in the exploration of the earth's interior, show with a high degree of probability the existence of unknown caverns inside the pyramid. So it is quite possible that scientists expect new interesting findings and discoveries.

In the meantime, the Great Pyramid keeps its secrets, proudly rising in the middle of the desert, like millennia ago. After all, according to an ancient Arabic proverb, everything in the world is afraid of time, but time is afraid of the pyramids.

The forerunners of the pyramids

When referring to the Egyptian pyramids, as a rule, they mean the Great Pyramids located in Giza, not far from Cairo. But they are not the only pyramids in Egypt. Many other pyramids are much worse preserved and now resemble hills or piles of stones.

During the period of the first dynasties, special “houses after life” appeared - mastabas - funerary buildings, consisting of an underground burial chamber and a stone structure above the ground. The term itself already refers to the Arab time and is due to the fact that the shape of these tombs, similar in section to a trapezoid, reminded the Arabs of large benches called “mastaba”.

The first pharaohs also built mastabas for themselves. The oldest royal mastabas, dating back to the 1st dynasty, were built from adobes - unbaked bricks made of clay and / or river silt. They were built in Nagadei Abydos in Upper Egypt | Upper Egypt, as well as in Saqqara, where the main necropolis of Memphis, the capital of the rulers of the first dynasties, was located. In the ground part of these buildings there were chapels and rooms with grave goods, and in the underground part there were actually burial chambers.

The largest pyramids of Egypt

• Pyramid of Cheops (IV dynasty): base size - 230 m (height - 146.6 m);
• Pyramid of Khafre (IV dynasty): 215 m (143 m);
• Pink Pyramid, Sneferu (4th dynasty): 219 m (105 m);
• Bent Pyramid, Sneferu (4th Dynasty): 189 m (105 m);
• Pyramid at Meidum, Sneferu (4th dynasty): 144 m (94 m);
• Pyramid of Djoser (3rd dynasty): 121 × 109 m (62 m).

Dating of the building

Pyramids of the pharaohs of the III dynasty

Pyramid Khaba

In the central part of the pyramid in Zawiet el-Erian, the masonry structure is clearly visible - the layers of stone are slightly inclined towards the center and seem to rest on it (because of this, it is sometimes also called "Puff"). The material of the building is roughly hewn stone of small size and clay mortar. The technology for building the pyramid at Zawiet el-Erian is similar to that used in the construction of the pyramid of Sekhemkhet and the Step Pyramid at Saqqara.

Pyramid of Djoser

This is the first step-type pyramid, called the Pyramid of Djoser. The building dates from around 2670 BC, and looks like several mastabas of decreasing size stacked on top of each other. Most likely, this was precisely the intention of the architect of this pyramid, Imhotep. Imhotep developed a method of laying from hewn stone. Subsequently, the Egyptians deeply revered the architect of the first pyramid, and even deified him. He was considered the son of the god Ptah, the patron of arts and crafts.

The Pyramid of Djoser is located at Saqqara, northeast of ancient Memphis, 15 km from Giza. Its height is 62 m.

Pyramids of the pharaohs of the 4th dynasty

broken pyramid

The historical significance of the Pink Pyramid is that it is the first royal tomb of a regular pyramidal shape. Although the “pink” tomb is considered the first “true” pyramid, it has an extremely low slope of the walls (only 43 ° 36 "; the base is 218.5 × 221.5 m. at a height of 104.4 m.).

The name is due to the fact that the limestone blocks that make up the pyramid acquire a pink color in the rays of the setting sun. The entrance through the sloping passage on the north side descends into three adjoining chambers accessible to the public. This pyramid is attributed to Snofru because his name is inscribed on several blocks of sheathing in red paint.

Pyramid at Meidum

great pyramids

Great Pyramids at Giza

The Great Pyramids are the pyramids of the pharaohs Cheops, Khafre and Mykerin located in Giza. Unlike the pyramid of Djoser, these pyramids do not have a stepped, but a strictly geometric, pyramidal shape. These pyramids belong to the period of the IV dynasty. The walls of the pyramids rise at an angle of 51° (Pyramid of Menkaure) to 53° (Pyramid of Khafre) to the horizon. The edges are precisely oriented to the cardinal points. The pyramid of Cheops was built on a massive natural rocky elevation, which turned out to be in the very middle of the base of the pyramid. Its height is about 9 m.

The Pyramid of Cheops

The largest is the pyramid of Cheops. Initially, its height was 146.6 m, but due to the fact that now there is no lining of the pyramid, its height has now decreased to 138.8 m. The length of the side of the pyramid is 230 m. The construction of the pyramid dates back to the 26th century BC. e. The construction is believed to have taken over 20 years.

The pyramid is built from 2.3 million stone blocks; no cement or other binders were used. On average, the blocks weighed 2.5 tons, but in the "King's Chamber" there are granite blocks weighing up to 80 tons. The pyramid is almost a monolithic structure - with the exception of several chambers and corridors leading to them.

Pyramids of Khafre and Menkaure

Later, the tradition of building pyramids was taken over by the rulers of ancient Sudan.

Pyramid of Userkaf

Pyramid of Sahure and Neferefre

Finishing

Some pyramids, which have retained their lining, allow you to see the quality of the surface treatment of the stone. In addition, the large blocks are fitted so that there are no gaps between them, and the leveled outer surface often forms an ideal plane, despite the fact that this plane is at an angle to the base. A striking example of this is the facing of the Bent and Meidum pyramids.

When leveling the surface of the stones at the entrance to the Menkaure pyramid, the outermost stones were not completely leveled, and the edge of the leveling line passes continuously through all the stones of the masonry, which allows us to assume that the surface of the blocks was leveled after the stones were laid. The same assumption is confirmed by the leveling of the floor, not far from the pyramid of Userkaf. The lower surface of the floor stones is in the sand and has a natural raw shape; although the stones are of different heights, the upper part of the stones forms a single flat surface.

Facing

In order for the surface of the pyramid to be even, it was lined with facing slabs (mainly limestone).

• The pyramid at Meidum is faced with polished slabs of Turkish limestone. In our time, the entire lining and most of the outer layers have not been preserved.
• The pink pyramid was lined with white limestone, but over time the lining was removed. local population and blocks of pink limestone are now visible.
• The pyramid of Khafre was covered with limestone, which is preserved only at the top.
• The Pyramid of Menkaure, about a third of its height, was lined with red Aswan granite, then it was replaced by white slabs of Turkish limestone, and the top, in all likelihood, was also made of red granite.

pyramid builders

Discovered in early January 2010, new burials of the builders of the pyramids allowed scientists to confirm the theory that the pyramids were erected by civilian workers. It is also concluded that up to 10 thousand people were simultaneously employed at the construction site, while the workers worked in shifts of three months.

tombs of the pharaohs

Pyramid Texts

pyramid research

Preservation of the pyramids and restoration

Similarities with other monuments in Egypt and other countries

Egyptian pyramids in popular culture

The Egyptian pyramids have long been a source of folklore tales (for example, among Christians they have long been considered granaries

A report on the topic: "Egyptian pyramids" will help prepare for the lesson and find out interesting information.

Message "Egyptian pyramids"

Pyramids are known to everyone architectural monuments of Ancient Egypt. The pyramids of Cheops and Giza are one of the seven wonders of the world. Pyramids are huge pyramid-shaped stone structures used as tombs for pharaohs. The word "pyramid" - Greek, means a polyhedron. In total, more than 118 pyramids of various shapes and heights were discovered in Egypt.

Ancient Egyptian architecture, even today, amazes with the power of its huge stone structures. At the entrance to these structures, there are huge statues of pharaohs, sphinxes made of stone lie. Sphinx - in ancient Egypt - the embodiment of royal power, a statue depicting a fantastic creature with the body of a lion and the head of a person or a sacred animal.

The Great Pyramid of Cheops is the face of the Egyptian pyramids and the largest building of antiquity. The construction of the pyramid took two whole decades and was completed in 2560 BC. With a height of 146.5 meters, it was the largest building in the world for over 4 millennia. The weight of the pyramid is more than 6 million tons. The area of ​​this giant is about 5 hectares. The pyramid of Cheops consists of 2.3 million stone blocks.

The second most important is the pyramid of Khafre, the son of Cheops. It was built on a 10-meter plateau, because it seems to be higher than the pyramid of Cheops, but it is not. Its height is 136.4 meters. Not far from the pyramid of Khafre is the Great Sphinx - a monument carved into the rock. The facial features of the Sphinx repeat the face of Pharaoh Khafre.

The tombs of the Egyptian pharaohs are not inside the pyramids, as many mistakenly believe, but not far from them, in the Valley of the Kings. According to one theory, the Egyptians mastered the mathematical “principle of leverage” to build the majestic pyramids. But, at the same time, it would have been possible to build the pyramid of Cheops in this way in a century and a half. Whereas it appeared in just two decades. Egyptian pyramids were built for about two centuries in a row. While one was being built, another was already springing up on the sands.

You can write a post about the pyramids yourself using this information to get a good grade.

pyramids

Mysterious pyramids Egypt

The Egyptian pyramid of Djoser, better known as the step pyramid, is located in Saqqara, 30 km from Cairo. A visit to the pyramid is part of the Dashur-Sakkara tour. It is worth visiting this pyramid at least out of curiosity, because this is the very first pyramid built in honor of the ruler Djoser. The peculiarity of the pyramid is that it is made in a stepped form. Six steps - the path by which the pharaoh goes to the afterlife, according to historians. Inside the pyramid are 11 burial chambers for the pharaoh and his family members. In progress archaeological sites Djoser himself was not found, only the mummies of his relatives. This is explained by the fact that by the time the excavations began, the tomb had already been plundered in order.

An excursion to Saqqara with a visit to the pyramid of Djoser will cost about $ 80 per person.

Pyramid of Menkaure

The pyramid is located on the Giza plateau next to other famous pyramids - Cheops and Khafre. Compared with them, the pyramid of Menkaure is considered the smallest and youngest pyramid of the famous triad. The peculiarity of this pyramid is in its color - up to the middle it was made of red granite, and above it was made of white limestone. But in the 16th century, the lining was destroyed by Mamluk warriors. The fact that the pyramid of Menkaure is relatively small, scientists explain by the fact that the Egyptians stopped making grandiose tombs. But despite this, the pyramid never ceases to amaze scientists and travelers. For example, the largest block of stone weighs about 200 tons! What technical means helped the ancient Egyptians so much? An excursion to the pyramid is included in the Cairo travel program, its cost is approximately $ 60 per person.

Pyramid of Menkaure

The Pyramid of Cheops

There is hardly a person. who would not know the main attraction of Egypt - the pyramid of Cheops. The height of this one of the Seven Wonders of the World today is 140 meters, and the area is about 5 hectares. The pyramid consists of 2.5 million stone blocks. The construction of the pyramid took 20 years. Several thousand years have passed since the construction of the Cheops pyramid, but the Egyptians still greatly honor the pyramid, and every year in August they celebrate the day when its construction began. Despite the fact that the research and excavation of the pyramid, it still keeps many secrets. For example, secret doors were found in the burial room of the pharaoh's wife, which, according to scientists, symbolize the path to the afterlife. But archaeologists have not been able to open the last door. The cost of an excursion to the Giza plateau with a visit to the pyramids is 50-60 dollars. For children, the ticket will cost twice as much.

Pyramid of Khafre

Although the Chefren pyramid is 4 meters smaller than the Cheops pyramid, visually it seems higher. The secret is that the pyramid stands on a ten-meter plateau and is very well preserved to this day. The pyramid has two entrances - one at a height of 15 m, and the other on the same side at the level of the base. Inside the pyramid of Khafre is rather modest - two rooms and a couple of corridors, but the real sarcophagus of the pharaoh is kept here. The tomb is made at the highest level and does not leave indifferent any of the tourists. The tomb itself is empty.

Archaeologists found a grand find in the pyramid in the 19th century - a sculpture of a pharaoh from mountain diorite.

The cost of an excursion to the pyramid of Khafre is about 60 dollars.

Pyramid of Khafre

Dashur

This place does not have such popularity as the Giza plateau with its pyramids. Dashur is famous for its pyramids, which were built during the reign of Pharaoh Snofu. These structures are considered the first tombs in history built according to new types of structures.

The Southern Pyramid, which is better known as the Bent Pyramid, got its name from its irregular shape. During its construction, for some unknown reason, the angles of the faces were changed. Perhaps this was a mistake, but scientists explain this as a construction move with concern for the strength and durability of the pyramid. The main difference between the Bent Pyramid is that. that it has two entrances - the "traditional" northern one and the almost uncommon southern one.

Another attraction of Dashur is the Northern Pyramid, better known by its name as the Red Pyramid. The name of the pyramid was due to its facing red color. This is the first tomb of the correct pyramidal form. It is very dark in the pyramid, so you should take a flashlight with you. At the very bottom burial chamber you can see a high stepped ceiling, the same as in the gallery of the pyramid of Cheops.

The cost of an excursion to Cairo, which includes a trip to Dashur, will cost an average of 85 dollars.

Everyone wants to look at the pyramids. And if this is your dream since childhood, then a tour to Egypt is what you need. Ordering such a tour today is very simple - just contact the travel agencies of your city through a special form on our website, or contact all your questions by calling 8-800-100-30-24.

Pyramids to this day keep many secrets and mysteries. Some of them, of course, have already been disclosed, but there are questions that still disturb the minds of scientists and historians. How and by whom were these monuments created? What technologies were used in construction? How did the builders manage to move stone blocks of enormous weight? Why did the pharaohs need this kind of tombs? You will learn all this and many other interesting facts from the article and become a little closer to understanding the secrets of the pyramids and knowing their power and greatness.

Interesting facts about the Egyptian pyramids

These ancient building structures have been occupying their places of honor for more than one century and glorify the talent of their creators, thanks to whom they managed to make eternal monuments. Until now, scientists have not been able to reliably determine how the pyramids were made and what technologies were used. Only some data is known, but most of the technologies used remain secret.

Just tombs?

There are about 118 pyramids in Egypt, created in different periods, of various sizes and types. There are two varieties of pyramids, the older step ones, one of the earliest surviving examples is the Pyramid of Djoser, circa 2650 BC. e.

In fact, these pyramids are graves, and their clusters are a cemetery. In ancient times, it was believed that wealthy people should be buried with everything they might need in the afterlife, so the pharaohs found their last refuge in luxurious pyramids, which they began to build long before their death.

The robbers of the tombs of the pharaohs

The horrors that take place about the Egyptian pyramids are directly related to the robbers who so love to visit them under the cover of night and take away their last property from the deceased. However, not only for the sake of the jewels hidden in the tombs, marauders visit the monuments.

Local residents spoiled the appearance of some pyramids a lot. For example, the two pyramids in Dahshur do not look at all like they used to, all the limestone with which they were covered was stolen to build houses in the nearest city. Also, stone blocks and other building materials are often stolen, which leads to incredible destruction.

Secrets and myths

The horrors of the Egyptian pyramids also lie in the fact that many legends reign around them. The reason for the emergence of such a myth was the fictional curse of the most famous tomb in the world - the tomb of Tutankhamen. It was discovered in 1922 by a group of explorers, most of whom died within the next seven years. At the time, many believed it was related to the curse of the tomb or some mysterious poison, although most still believe so.

But it all became one huge delusion. Immediately after the tomb was opened, it made a splash. In one of the newspapers, in the name of raising ratings, it was indicated that in front of the entrance to the tomb there was a warning sign that anyone who entered here would die. However, this turned out to be just a newspaper duck, but after the researchers began to die one after another, the article gained popularity, and since then there has been a similar myth. It is worth noting that most of these scientists were of advanced age. This is how easy some of the mysteries of the Egyptian pyramids are solved.

The device of the pyramids

The burial complex of the pharaohs consists not only of the pyramid itself, but also of two temples: one next to the pyramid, one should be washed by the waters of the Nile. Pyramids and temples, which were not far from each other, were connected by alleys. Some have partially survived to this day, for example, the alleys between Luxor and Between the pyramids of Giza, unfortunately, no such alleys have been preserved.

Inside the pyramid

Egyptian pyramids, interesting facts about them, and ancient myths - all this is in direct connection with the internal structure. Inside the pyramid there is a chamber with a burial, to which passages lead from different sides. The walls of the aisles were usually painted with religious texts. The walls of the pyramid in Saqqara, a village near Cairo, were painted with the oldest funeral texts that have survived to this day. Next to the pyramids of Giza is also the famous figure of the sphinx, which, according to legend, should protect the peace of the deceased. Unfortunately, our time has not reached original name of this building, it is only known that in the Middle Ages the Arabs called the monument "the father of horror"

Types of pyramids

Many mysteries of the Egyptian pyramids are directly related to their creation. Until now, no one has been able to reliably determine how the ancient Egyptians managed to create such monumental buildings, which are still preserved to this day.

Scientists believe that the construction was carried out in several stages, during which the size of the pyramid could increase significantly compared to the original. Construction began long before the death of the pharaoh and could take several decades. Just to create a suitable site for construction and leveling the soil, it took about a dozen years. It took two decades to create the largest pyramid to date.

Who built the pyramids

There is an opinion that the pyramids were built by slaves who were starved and whipped for poorly done work, but this is not true. showed that the people who built the pyramids were kept in good conditions, they were well fed. However, no one has yet been able to figure out for certain how the heaviest stone blocks rose up, because human strength is incapable of such a thing.

However, archaeologists believe that over time, the construction technique changed, and the Egyptian pyramids themselves changed. Interesting Facts in mathematics, too, relate to the construction of pyramids. So, scientists managed to determine that the pyramids have mathematically correct proportions. How the ancient Egyptians managed to do this remains a mystery.

Egyptian pyramids - wonder of the world

• The Pyramid of Cheops is the only surviving wonder of the world.
• There are several theories about the construction of the pyramids. According to one of them, the construction took place on the principle of leverage, but given this, it would take no less than a century and a half, and the pyramid was erected in two decades. That's what remains a mystery.

• Some lovers of the mystical consider these buildings to be powerful energy sources and believe that the pharaohs spent time in them during their lifetime in order to receive new vitality.
• There are also quite incredible theories. For example, some believe that the pyramids were built by aliens, while others believe that the blocks were moved by people who own a magic crystal.
• There are still some questions regarding the construction. For example, it has not yet been clarified why the pyramids were built in two stages and why breaks were needed.
• The pyramids were built for two centuries and were built several at a time.
• Now, according to the studies of various scientists, their age is from 4 to 10 thousand years.
• In addition to the exact mathematical proportions, the pyramids have another feature in this area. The stone blocks are arranged in such a way that there are no gaps between them at all, even the thinnest blade will not fit through.
• Each side of the pyramid is located in the direction of one side of the world.
• The Pyramid of Cheops, the largest in the world, reaches a height of 146 meters, and its weight is more than six million tons.
• If you want to know how the Egyptian pyramids were built, you can learn interesting facts about the construction from the pyramids themselves. Construction scenes are depicted on the walls of the aisles.
• The sides of the pyramids are curved by one meter so that they can accumulate solar energy. Thanks to this, the pyramids could reach thousands of degrees and emit an incomprehensible rumble from such incandescence.
• An ideally straight foundation was made for, so the faces differ from each other by only five centimeters.
• The first pyramid built is dated 2670 BC. e. In appearance, it resembles several pyramids located next to each other. The architect created a type of masonry that helped achieve this effect.
• The pyramid of Cheops was created from 2.3 million blocks, perfectly even and matching each other.
• Structures similar to the Egyptian pyramids are also found in Sudan, where the tradition was later picked up.
• Archaeologists managed to find the village where the pyramid builders lived. A brewery and a bakery were discovered there.

• Many secrets hide the Egyptian pyramids. Interesting facts relate, for example, on the basis of which the pyramid is made. The walls are at an angle of 52 degrees, which makes the ratio of height and perimeter equal to the ratio of length.

Power and greatness

Why were the Egyptian pyramids built? Interesting facts about the construction do not give an idea of ​​what they served for. And pyramids were created to praise the power and greatness of their owners. Lush tombs were a significant part of the entire burial complex. They were filled with things that the pharaohs might need after death. There you could find literally everything that a person might need. Any clothes, jewelry, utensils - all this and many other things were sent along with the pharaohs to their tombs. These riches, buried with the owners, are often the reason for the appearance of robbers who want to get jewelry. All these mysteries and myths that envelop the pyramids, starting from their very creation, have remained unsolved for many centuries, and no one knows if they will ever be revealed.