42 km a d m 2 crimea. See what "M2 (track)" is in other dictionaries

Providing high-quality transport links in the direction Moscow - Crimea has been a pressing issue for a long time. It acquired particular relevance after joining Crimean peninsula to the Russian Federation. One of the main roads providing communication between Moscow and Simferopol is the M2 highway. Let's take a look at the history of this highway and find out about its pressing problems.

General characteristics

The M2 "Crimea" highway is a part of the European highway E105 Kirkenes (Norway) - Yalta. It stretches from the capital of Russia to the Nekhoteyevka multilateral automobile checkpoint in the Kursk region on the Russian-Ukrainian border. It runs through the territories of five administrative units: Moscow Region, Tula, Oryol, Kursk, Belgorod. The total length of the route is 720 kilometers. From Moscow to Tula, it is a high-speed highway 155 kilometers long. Further, the route to the very Ukrainian border is an ordinary highway. There are six petrol stations on the highway. The average distance between them is 73 kilometers.

Coating quality

The M-2 "Crimea" motor road has an asphalt concrete hard surface throughout its entire length. It seems to be of better quality on the high-speed section of the highway from Moscow to Tula. The coating in the Belgorod region is also well preserved. But on the territory of the Kursk region, the road has the most various defects. At the same time, there is a constant patching of the track surface. The width of the roadway varies from eight to ten meters.

The quality of the coating can also be judged by the photos posted in this review.

Route history

The Crimean tract has been known since the Middle Ages. Initially, it began on the territory of the modern Dnipropetrovsk region in Ukraine and stretched to the peninsula. It was a trade road along which salt was imported from Crimea to the territory of Ukraine, and in the opposite direction - grain and some other products.

With the annexation of the Hetmanate to the Russian kingdom, the trade route began to stretch as far as Moscow. In the middle of the 19th century, a road was built that connected Moscow and Kharkov. Immediately in the post-war years, they created highway No. 4 Moscow - Simferopol, passing through Kharkov, which already had a hard asphalt surface.

Construction of the M2 highway

The idea of \u200b\u200bbuilding a modern Moscow-Crimea highway arose with the 1980 Summer Olympics in the Soviet Union. It was planned that this would be a high-speed analogue of the existing road. However, in many areas new track M2 - reconstruction of the old highway. But by the beginning of the Olympics, it was only possible to build a segment that passed through the territory of the Moscow region, and even then not completely. By 1983, the route was extended only to Serpukhov. At the same time, the construction of the Trosna - Tula section began.

By the end of the 1980s, most of the work on the reconstruction of the old route was not yet completed. Since the beginning of the 90s, the project was largely curtailed, and reconstruction was carried out only from time to time, sporadically. The actual highway, which was planned to be built to the Crimea, was brought only to Tula. She had a section of 155 km.

The further fate of the track

With the liquidation of the Soviet Union, the M2 Moscow-Crimea highway lost its former transport and economic importance. In fact, it was divided between two states: Russia and Ukraine. This direction of traffic was not a priority in any of these countries, and the traffic load was significantly reduced. In this regard, the Russian authorities paid more attention to the development of roads in the Volga region and Siberia. It was from the moment of the collapse of the USSR that the highway acquired its current name in the classification of Russian highways - the M2 “Crimea” highway.

During the 90s of the XX century, virtually no work on the reconstruction of the road was carried out. By the end of the first decade of the 21st century, a 12-kilometer stretch was reconstructed. Now the highway reached the intersection with the P-132 highway.

Perspectives

In 2012, the administration of the Tula region announced that it intends to initiate further construction of the highway up to the Ukrainian border. At present, we can say that the M-2 highway on the Moscow-Tula section has been completely reconstructed. Further repair of the highway is still in question. Actually, from Tula to the Ukrainian border and further along the territory of Ukraine, the highway is a road built in the post-war years.

It is planned that in the near future the M2 highway will be paid. Rather, the payment will be taken for travel through the section from the 21st to the 108th kilometer. This section of the highway, known as the Simferopol highway, is entirely located on the territory of the Moscow region. It is planned to build twenty-one points, where they will take payment for travel.

At present, the fate of the route is largely connected with foreign policy issues. On the one hand, after the annexation of Crimea to Russia in 2014, the M2 highway began to be viewed as a more promising direction. But on the other hand, the significantly deteriorated relations between Ukraine and Russia influenced the fact that the traffic flow along the highway was significantly reduced. Thus, the M2 highway as the main transport direction when traveling to Crimea can be considered only after the normalization of relations with Ukraine.

Route

The M2 highway originates in Moscow, more precisely, at the intersection of the Moscow ring road and the Warsaw highway. Before crossing with MMK, the road has 3 lanes in each direction. After MMK, the M2 highway narrows to two lanes. Then the highway crosses "Bolshaya betonka".

Then the route passes through the bridge along the Oka River, through the city of Serpukhov, and runs through the territory of the Tula region. At the 155th kilometer, the highway breaks off, and an ordinary highway goes to Tula, which is a section of the old Moscow - Simferopol highway. The highway itself bends around Tula from the west and ends at the intersection with the Kaluga-Ryazan road.

This is where the main highway ends, and further towards the border with Ukraine, the Moscow-Crimea road is a regular highway. After Tula, the path runs through the territory of the Oryol region, bypassing such large cities as Oryol and Mtsensk, and crosses the borders of the Kursk region. After the road bends around the city of Kursk, it runs through the territory of the Belgorod region, the administrative center of which, Belgorod, also remains on the sidelines. The end of the route is considered to be the state border of Russia and Ukraine, namely the Nekhoteevka multilateral automobile checkpoint.

Ukrainian section of the road

Although the Ukrainian section of the Moscow-Simferopol road is an actual continuation of the M2 highway, it officially bears a different name - M20. This road runs from the Ukrainian multilateral automobile checkpoint "Goptovka" to Kharkov. After that, the highway takes the name M-29 and goes to Novomoskovsk in the Dnepropetrovsk region as a high-speed road. After that, the number of the highway changes to M-18, and it stretches to the borders of the Crimea. On the territory of Crimea, the route goes through Simferopol to Yalta. According to the Ukrainian classification, it is called 35A002, and according to the Russian - P20. It is in Yalta that the European route E105 ends.

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Federal highway M2 "Crimea" (Simferopol highway) is a federal highway.

Moscow - Tula - Oryol - Kursk - Belgorod - state border with Ukraine. It is part of the European route E 105.

The original version of the road as a route was put into operation in 1950.

On the territory of Ukraine, the road continues, and goes through Kharkov, Dnepropetrovsk, Zaporozhye, and ends in Simferopol or Sevastopol.

Usually the route is used by tourists from Moscow and other cities to get to the southern coast of Crimea.

The length of the highway is 720 kilometers.
The width of the M-2 "Crimea" highway is 8-10 meters.

Passes through the territory of Moscow, Tula, Oryol, Kursk and Belgorod regions.

The Crimea highway has detours of large cities: Tula (48 km), Mtsensk (24 km), Orel (26 km), Kursk (28 km), Belgorod (24 km).

The road passes in hilly, rugged terrain. A number of areas require increased driver attention:
- with steep descents and ascents
- with sharp turns.

The road crosses significant rivers: Oka (near Serpukhov), Ulu (near Tula), Plava (near Plavok), Zusha (near Mtsensk), Oka (near Orel), Seim (near Tula). Kursk), Seversky Donets (near Belgorod).
Bridges over water obstacles over 50 meters long have a carrying capacity of 60-80 tons.

Route

The M2 motorway begins at the intersection of the Varshavskoye Highway and the Moscow Ring Road, then passes through the territory of the Moscow Region east of the cities of Shcherbinka, Podolsk, Klimovsk, Chekhov, Serpukhov in the form of a modern motorway without intersections, pedestrian crossings and railway crossings at the same level, at least 2 lanes in each direction with a dividing strip.

Further, the highway goes through the territory of the Tula region, bypasses Tula from the west and, like the highway, ends at the intersection with the P132 Tula-Kaluga highway in the area of \u200b\u200bthe settlements Pomogalovo, Zhirovka, passing into the usual 2-3-lane road.

Further, the road goes through the territory of the Oryol region, each bypassing the cities of Mtsensk and Oryol on its own bypass road from the eastern side and the village. Kromy from the west. Further, with. Trosna contains a branch A142 / E 391 to Zheleznogorsk and Kalinovka (further to Kiev) and turns to the south.

Further, the road goes through the territory of the Belgorod region in the southeast direction, east of the city of Stroitel, bypasses Belgorod along a bypass road from the west and then goes southwest to the state border with Ukraine.

Start
(28 km)
Shcherbinka
(38 km)
Podolsk
(47 km)
Klimovsk
(71 km)
Chekhov
(98 km)
Serpukhov
(181 km)
Tula
(242 km)
Plavsk
(313 km)
Mtsensk
(361 km)
Eagle
(403 km)
Cromy
(518 km)
Kursk
(588 km)
Oboyan
(669 km)
Belgorod
(720 km)
State border with Ukraine.

On the territory of Ukraine, the highway continues as the M-20 motorway to Kharkov and the M-18 Kharkov - Zaporozhye - Simferopol - Yalta.

The road is completely asphalt surface. Has 1 to 4 lanes in each direction. The section between Moscow and Tula along the entire route has the status of a highway, with a permitted speed of 110 km / h. After Tula, the track turns into an ordinary road with a permitted speed of 90 km / h. All major cities encountered have bypass roads. The usual travel time from Moscow to Kursk is 6.5 to 10 hours in solo mode. The section between Moscow and Tula takes 2 hours.

Departures from cities

Driving in the direction from Moscow to Tula

• 22km

The position for the exit to the south is located immediately after the exit from the Moscow Ring Road. To get there, just get off at the Anino metro station and walk about 1.8 km south. Despite the fact that the Moscow Ring Road is visible from the position with the naked eye, the road metric immediately informs you that you are on 22 km of the M2 highway.

The width of the roadside does not allow a problem-free stopping of transport. There is simply no place for stopping mainline tractors weighing more than 12 tons. The maximum that I myself was able to stop there was Lawn Next with a mass of up to 5 tons. The problem is aggravated by the presence of 4 lanes for traffic and flow rates of about 80-100 km / h. It is optimal to go no closer than Serpukhov.

• 42km

On the section from 22 km M2 to the first turn in the direction of Klimovsk, the road has a backup, which is separated from the main road by a deaf bump stop. It is not recommended to get to this part of the terrain in any way, because you can stick it in for a very long time. After 42 km, there is no more backup.

• 97km Turn to Serpukhov

In order not to find yourself in a situation where you pulled to the last, and the driver is already turning in the direction of Serpukhov, I would recommend going to the gas station 1 km before turning into the city. The position for the stop there is quite adequate, there is an accelerating pocket with a gas station that can be used to stop.

• 156 km turn to the short bypass of Tula

If the driver is going to Kaluga or Tula itself, he would recommend getting off at this position and catching the next car that would have followed further than Tula. Please note that Tula has two bypass roads. The long track bypasses the city in a larger arc and adjoins the short bypass for 195 km of the M2 highway. If you need to go to Tula itself, then you need to move along a short road. To get on the short road, at 156 km, you need to make a right turn, entering the overpass. A long bypass bypasses the city to the east, and adjoins the P-132 road, which connects Kaluga and Ryazan. By itself, the R-132 road is financed from the regional budget, and the presence of a wide roadside (as well as a good position) is rare. If your driver is going to Kaluga, he did not advise to drag out with him to the last, it is better to go to 156 km of the M2 highway

Movement in the direction from Tula to Oryol

• 195 km fork: Tula-Moscow-Kaluga-Ryazan

When driving along the highway from south to north, if the driver takes you to the fork, it is optimal to stop after it in order to cut off those who go in the direction of Kaluga and Ryazan. When driving from North to South, it is optimal to stop in front of the traffic police post - a landmark monument in the form of a motorcycle. In bad weather conditions, or at night, it is optimal to leave here, since the next position, where there will be good lighting and low flow rate, will be only 357 km of the M2 highway

• 232 km fork: М2-М4

In the interval between the villages of Lopatkovo and Lukino there is a fork that goes to the M4. If you do not want to study exits on the M4, you can use this option (theoretically). In the very place where the fork is located, the position is so-so. Better to walk 700 meters to Lukino. Immediately after the start of the settlement, there will be a convenient pocket on the right in the form of a hitchhiking stop. This is your position. In Lopatkovo itself, when driving from Moscow to the south, there will be a good cafe on the right side, both in terms of the number of dishes and prices. The only drawback is the number of tables is not large, and there is a risk that all the seats will be occupied.

• In 244 km Plavsk

If the driver goes to this city, he would strongly advise against delaying with him to the last, because the city was built in a hilly area, and has a great length. When driving from north to south, there are no hitchhiking positions at all. When moving from south to north, there are "ersatz positions" located on the rise. It is optimal to leave somewhere before the city. Not a very bad position in front of the city (when moving from north to south) - near the Mound of Glory.

• In 284 km Chern '

The city has an even greater extent than the previous Plavsk, but the terrain is not so hilly, and the positions meet in both directions. There is a "pyaterochka" type shop (visible from the road).

• 293 km tavern

There is a cafe "Tula-50" in the village of Medvezhka. In which the widest selection of dishes on the M2 highway and quite reasonable prices. The operating mode is from 9 to 22.00 (information regarding the operating mode could be out of date). If your driver is there for the first time, then do not advise him to drive up to the cafe itself, especially in the off-season. There is no asphalt near the establishment, and after the rain the area turns into a swamp.

• 305 km tavern

Immediately after Mtsensk (when moving from South to North) on the right side of the road there will be another good cafe, but with a rank lower than 293 km. Its plus is round-the-clock operation. When driving from north to south, the position near the turn to Mtsensk will be worse than you are driving from South to North.

• 354 km traffic police post

If your driver is heading to the city of Oryol, he recommended that you go out right here and catch the car 30 meters from the traffic police post - it is prohibited to stop before the sign. The traffic in that place is moving very slowly, and the drivers have enough time to "study" you. If the stopped driver goes to one of these places: Voronezh, Lipetsk, Novosil, Bryansk and any other place, shorter than the bypass of the city of Orel, then you better refuse the trip. The bypass itself is 27 km long and must be driven strictly by one car. They are not often found at the most bypass position.

Movement in the direction from Oryol to Kursk

• 381 km end of the Oryol bypass

When driving from north to south, walk 700 meters to the south, to the nearest gas station, the position there is almost ideal, except that part of the stream will be scared off by the yellow stripe on the right. In the summer of 2017, a solid bump was installed in front of the cafe, and the area next to catering points became unsuitable for stopping anyone. However, when driving from south to north, if your previous driver was driving to Orel or, for example, Bryansk, and offered to drop you off next to a cafe near the city, do not agree, because "the road to hell is paved with good intentions." The flow of traffic that goes to Oryol will get in the way, and not to the gaze of those who are driving past the city, to watch you. If you stop right near a cafe, then there is a risk of getting stuck for a long time. it is optimal to go 1.7 km north to the place where the bypass begins to bifurcate, the road has a slight downward slope, and the hike will not be difficult. In this case, the next stream to the city of Orel will not "get underfoot".

• 436 km fork M2-Zheleznogorsk

If your driver is traveling to Zheleznogorsk, then you have 3 options. The first and easiest one is to get off in the village of Zhernovets. In the village itself there is both a hitchhiking position and a hotel (right next to the hotel is the position). The second is to go straight at the fork to Zheleznogorsk. After that you have to walk 1 km to the end of the ascent. There, the position is almost suitable for hitchhiking, except that there is a slight slope of the terrain, which can scare off some of the loaded cars. "Small" is about 6 degrees (estimate by eye), but note that the rise is not illuminated at night. The problem is aggravated by the fact that before the turn to Zheleznogorsk there is a descent on which cars are accelerated to significant speeds, and at the end of the ascent they will stop and will not be happy to pick you up. Therefore, in general, the position is suitable for hitchhiking by 3 points out of 5. The third option is to walk 3.5 km from the turn to Zheleznogorsk to the village of trosna, in the village of trosna itself there is lighting.

If the driver offers to drop you off a little further than the village of Zhernovets, in the village of Nizhnee Mukhanovo (which will be 7 km closer to the fork), then do not agree! Nizhnee Mukhanovo is located in a hilly area, and you will have to stop on the rise, which will make it difficult for someone to stop.

• In 440 km Trosna

When driving from south to north, at the end of the village, just after the last pedestrian crossing, there is an ideal position to stop everything that is possible, it is illuminated at night. When driving from north to south, the position will be immediately after turning left, after entering the village.

• 480 km bypass village Fatezh

The terrain is hilly, with a bump stop on each side of the road, which makes hitchhiking difficult. When moving in any direction, I highly discouraged entering the bypass section, due to the very small number of positions.

• 516 km traffic police post at the entrance to Kursk

If you and the driver need to go to Kursk, then the best way is to get off not here, but after 6 km - in the place where the bypass road crosses the street. 50 years of October, because the final stop of the route transport is just on the bypass road.

When moving from South to North, the optimal place for hitchhiking for any type of transport is 1.2 km from the post - you will see a bus stop on the right side and a convenient pocket for stopping.

At night, this section is not illuminated, it is best to stop either 300 meters earlier - there is light from the gas station. But keep in mind that the terrain in this place is such that when the main tractor stops, it will block part of the passing lane with its body, which will surely scare off the drivers of heavy trucks. Also, after 2 km in the direction of travel there will be the village of V. Medveditsa in which the road is completely electrified, and there are positions