Download a presentation about mountains. Caucasus mountains
Slide 1
Slide 2
The absolute height - the vertical distance from sea level to a given point - is not always the most important in the characteristics of the mountains. Often more important is the relative height, which shows how much the top of the mountain rises above its foot, and not above the level of the distant sea. Closely related to this is such a concept as the depth of dismemberment. It is determined by the average values \u200b\u200bof the relative heights. Many mountains are partially flooded by the sea, and then their relative height actually becomes more absolute. Such mountains with peaks barely protruding above the water are many islands in the ocean. For example, the Scandinavian mountains drop abruptly to the ocean in northern Europe. They are not high: their peaks rise no more than 1000-2000 meters above sea level.
Slide 3
Mountains are not just the plural of the word "mountain", not just individual peaks, towering among flat space. The stone giants have grown together - “knee-deep”, “waist-deep”, “chest-high.” As you move deeper into the mountains, the terrain rises markedly; the peaks are located as if on a powerful pedestal. During the ascent, you can make some interesting discoveries for yourself: First, the earth kind of tilted, turned, turned sideways. Second, the panorama of the mountains becomes similar to the scenery of a gigantic performance, changing hourly, every minute as you rise to the height. Third, on a mountain slope you can come into contact with the material that composes the earth's crust and on the plain is usually hidden by soil, vegetation, and asphalt.
Slide 4
The peaks are not arranged randomly, but are lined up in the form of mountain ridges, the jagged outlines of which here and there flicker on the horizon. The ridges, stretching for tens of kilometers, form mountain ranges. From the highest ridges there are spurs in different directions - lower ridges. Ridges often diverge - this is a mountain knot. Several ridges following one after the other, one peak dominates the surrounding, and from it in one direction, form a mountain range, the length of which can reach several hundred kilometers. Mountainous countries, in turn, are combined into even more grandiose "structures" - mountain belts. The most significant are the Alpine-Himalayan and Andean-Cordillera.
Slide 5
There are mountainous countries that have a special name - highlands. It is used when both the ridges and the depressions separating them are located on a pedestal. Often the highlands are fenced off from the surrounding plains and seas by even higher mountain ranges. All together it resembles a city on a hill, fortified by fortress walls. The Upland is a closed, isolated world, in which life flows according to its own laws.
Slide 6
Mountains with absolute heights of peaks of 500-1500 m are classified as low, and the massifs, ridges and chains formed by them are called low mountains. They are often scattered singly or in scattered groups within the vast plains. Low mountains often form the bottom step of the "mountain ladder", which is located at the foot of a higher massif. These can be low ridges or flat-topped counters, or huge shafts with gentle slopes - adyrs.
Slide 7
High mountains are usually difficult to access. If the peaks rise to 4000-6000 m or more, such relative heights are called highlands. Natural belts in the high mountains do not correspond exactly to the nature of the northern territories. It is not forests, meadows, or ice that dominate this world, but rocks and stone debris. Life huddles along crevices among rocks, on slopes and on rare flat areas in river valleys. Glaciers in long narrow tongues slide down the valleys 1000, 2000, sometimes 3000 m below the eternal snow.
Slide 8
The relief of the planet is essentially composed of many slopes. Mountain slopes differ in their steepness, height and length. Which one is cool, which one is flat? There are different ways to answer this question. Climbing a mountain slope, the steepness of which is more than 10 °, is impossible for a heavily loaded vehicle; if the slope is steeper than 25 °, the loaded horse stops. On a slope steeper than 35 ° a person has to climb with the help of his hands, on a slope steeper than 45 ° it is better for an unprepared person not to climb at all. To understand the characteristic features of mountain slopes, it is necessary to consider their profile. If the steepness gradually increases from the base to the top, the profile forms a concave arc - this is a concave slope. At a convex slope, the steepness towards the top decreases accordingly. If flat areas on a slope alternate with steep ledges, it is called stepped.
What are mountains?
- The mountains - a positive form of relief, raised above the plains. The mountains represent dissected areas of the earth's surface with significant elevation differences (from several tens of meters to several kilometers).
Insert a map of your country.
Mountains of different continents
Mountains of africa
Mountains of Eurasia
Mountains of north america
The mountains South America
Insert a picture of one of the geographic features of your country.
Mountains of australia
Mountains of antarctica
end the show
Kilimanjaro
- Kilimanjaro - mountain range in the northeast of Tanzania, the highest point in Africa above sea level - 5895m. Kilimanjaro rises above the Masai Plateau, which is located 900 meters above sea level.
In 2003, scientists came to the conclusion that molten lava is just 400 meters below the crater of the main peak of Kibo ... While no other activity is predicted other than the current gas emissions, there are fears that the volcano could collapse, leading to a major eruption.
Insert a picture illustrating a season in your country.
Chomolungma
- Chomolungma - the highest peak in the world, according to various sources, from 8844 to 8852 m. It is located in the Himalayas. Located on the border of Nepal and China, the peak itself lies on the territory of China. Has the shape of a pyramid. The southern slope is steeper. Glaciers flow down from the massif in all directions, ending at an altitude of about 5 thousand meters. On the southern slope and edges of the pyramid, snow and firn are not retained, as a result of which they are exposed.
Insert a picture of an animal and or plant found in your country.
McKinley
- McKinley - two-headed mountain in Alaska, the highest mountain in North America. Located in the center national park Denali. During the period of Russian colonization, Alaska was simply called - Big Mountain.
The relative height is 6138 m.
Insert a picture illustrating a custom or tradition here.
Aconcagua
- Aconcagua is the world's tallest extinct volcano. Height 6962 m. high point American continent, South America, western and southern hemispheres.
Insert a picture of the head leader of your country.
Kostsyushko
- Kostsyushko - the highest peak of the Australian continent. Height 2228 m. Located in the Australian Alps. The first person to climb its summit was the Pole Pavel Edmund Strzelecki, who gave the mountain its name in honor of the Polish-American military leader Tadeusz Kosciuszko .
To use the preview of presentations, create yourself a Google account (account) and log into it: https://accounts.google.com
Slide captions:
mountains Week of geography Prepared by the teacher of geography OV M OLODKINA
What are mountains? Mountains are highly dissected parts of the land, significantly, by 500 meters or more, elevated above the adjacent plains. The mountains are separated from the plains either directly by the foot of the slope, or by the foothills. Mountains can be linearly elongated or arched with a parallel, lattice, radial, pinnate, echelon or branching pattern of dissection. Distinguish between high mountains, middle and low mountains.
Mountain shape Mountains are formed in tectonically active areas; by origin, the mountains are divided into: tectonic, erosional, volcanic. Depending on the nature of the deformations of the earth's crust, folded, block and folded-block are distinguished among the tectonic mountains.
Place of mountains on planet earth. Mountain systems cover 64% of the surface of Asia, 36% of North America, 25% of Europe, 22% of South America, 17% of Australia and 3% of Africa. In general, 24% of the earth's surface is mountainous. 10% of all people live in the mountains. Most of the Earth's rivers originate in the mountains.
Forms of mountainous relief Depending on the area occupied by the mountains, their structure and age, there are: isolated uplifts of a small extent, the so-called island mountains (for example, the Khibiny); mountain groups; mountain ranges - large linearly elongated elevations of the relief, isolated or component elements of mountainous countries (systems); the places of intersection or junction of two or more mountain ranges are called mountain knots; a mountain node can also represent the center of several radially diverging ridges; mountain ranges - areas of mountainous countries located more or less isolated and having approximately the same length and width (for example, Mont Blanc in the Alps); They are distinguished by relatively weak dissection; they are separated from the neighboring ridges of the mountainous country by wide and deep valleys; mountain systems - mountains, united territorially, having a common cause of origin and having morphological unity;
mountain belts of the earth mountain belts - the largest unit in the classification of mountainous relief, represents several mountain systems, elongated into a single (continuous or discontinuous) strip; these include, for example, the Alpine-Himalayan mountain belt (stretching from Western Europe to the southeastern tip of Asia) and the Andes - Cordillera mountain belt, stretching along the western outskirts of North and South America.
On the subject: methodological developments, presentations and notes
KTD "Burn, burn, the fire of the Olympics"
Objectives: - updating information about the XXII Olympic Winter Games; - shaping sustainable knowledge and understanding by schoolchildren of the values \u200b\u200bof the Olympic Movement; - fostering a sense of collectivism, friendship and ...
Technological map of the lesson on the subject "Music" in grade 2. Section "Burn, burn clearly, so as not to go out". The topic is "Folklore - Folk Wisdom".
This publication is a flow chart of an open lesson, which sequentially sets out the sections of the lesson and the corresponding UUD. The lesson introduces students to folk art, on ...
Caucasus mountains.
Highest point: g. Elbrus (5642 m)
Area: 440 thousand km
Main ridge: Main Caucasian ridge (1200 km) Creation period: Alpine folding
Territory on the border of Europe and Asia, between Black. Caspian and Azov seas. Consists of the Caucasus Mountains (mainly the Greater Caucasus) and the adjacent regions of the North and South Caucasus. The North Caucasus, lying to the north, includes the lowland (Kuban) and foothill (Ciscaucasia) lands and is entirely part of Russia.
To the south lies the South Caucasus. divided between the partially recognized South Ossetia and Abkhazia as well as Georgia, Azerbaijan and Armenia. The absolute height is 5642 m (Mount Elbrus). There are rich oil fields.
Borders
The indisputable borders in the west and east are Black, Azov and Caspian Sea... In the norththe physical-geographical border is usually considered the Kumo-Manych depression, the modern administrative border is the northern borders of the Krasnodar and Stavropol Territories and Dagestan.
Borders.
Sometimes Kalmykia is conventionally referred to the Caucasus. Although historically and ethnographically most North Caucasus much closer to the southern Russian steppes and the Lower Volga region, and then the border of the Caucasus can be drawn along the Kuban rivers, the upper reaches of the Kuma, Malka and Terek. This territory includes the south of the Krasnodar Territory, Adygea,Karachay-Cherkessia, Kabardino-Balkaria, North Ossetia, Ingushetia. Chechnya and most of Dagestan.
The situation is even more complicated withthe southern border of the Caucasus (and Transcaucasia). Politically, it is currently being carried out along the borders of Turkey and Iran, on the one hand, and Georgia, Armenia and Azerbaijan, on the other.
As such, this border
was finally formed only in 1921 (after the transfer of Artvin to Turkey, Kars
and Ardahan), and began to take shape a century before that with the gradual annexation of the Transcaucasian khanates and kingdoms to Russia in1805-29 years. It is much more difficult to draw the historical, ethnographic and linguistic border of the Caucasus: the historical lands of the Armenians stretch far to the west and south, and the Azerbaijanis still inhabit most of northwestern Iran. The most justified is the inclusion in the Caucasus of the north-eastern regions of Turkey, which were once part of Georgia and Armenia - the Artvin silts. Ardahan and Kare, where Kartvelian-speaking Lazes and Georgians are still preserved
and armenian-speaking Hemshils.
Countries and regions of the Caucasus
1.Armenia
2.Abkhazia
3.Adygea
4.Azerbaijan
5.Armenia
6 Georgia
7.Dagestan
8.Ingushetia
9.Kabardino-Balkaria
10.Karachay-Cherkessia
11.Krasnodar region
12.Nagorno-Karabakh
13.Nakhchivan
14.Rostov region
15.Stavropol Territory
16.North Ossetia
17 Chechnya
18. South Ossetia.
Territory of the Caucasus.
The Caucasus covers an area of \u200b\u200babout 440 thousand km2 and consists of five main landscape regions-The Ciscaucasia, the Greater Caucasus, the Transcaucasian lowlands (Colchis and Kura-Araks), the Lesser Caucasus and the Javakheti-Armenian Highlands (northeastern part of the Armenian Highlands.
In addition, at the extremein the southeast, the Talysh Mountains, which are part of the Iranian
highlands, and the Lankaran lowland separating them from the Caspian Sea.
The structure of the Caucasus.
Caucasus is located withinAlpine-Himalayan mobile belt with active recent tectonic movements and is characterized by a variety of mountainous relief. In the center of the Ciscaucasia there is the Stavropol Upland (the highest point is Mount Strizhament, 831 m), separating the Kuban-Priazovskaya and Tersko-Kumskaya lowlands. In the south of the Ciscaucasia, between the Terek and Sunzha rivers, there are two low mountain ranges - Tersky and Sunzhensky, separated by the Alkhanchurt valley.
The mountain system of the Greater Caucasus is divided in length intoWestern, gradually rising from the Taman Peninsula to Elbrus (the highest point of the Caucasus, 5642 m), alpine Central (between Elbrus and Kazbek) and Eastern, descending from Kazbek to Apsheron
