Temples Tokyo. Temple of Meiji Jingu in Tokyo - One of the largest shinto sanctuations of the rising Sun countries Architectural features of the Construction

Maidzi Temple (Maidi Jingu) - the tomb of Emperor Majsei and his spouses Empress Syokan, the largest shinto sanctuary, which appeared in 1920 on public initiative. It is located in the Sibuya area, Joyoga City Park.

During the reign of Maidi, who became the emperor in 1868, Japan after the feudal rule of Tokugawa refused self-isolation and became the more open external world. The name "Maidi", which took the emperor Mutshito when joined the throne, means "Enlightened Board". In his "swelling promise", Mutsukhito retracted the principles of his reign: democratism (accounting for public opinion in solving public affairs), the predominance of national interests, freedom of activity and the independence of the court, as well as the effective use of knowledge to strengthen the role of Japan in the world. After the death of the emperor and his spouse in 1912 and 1914, a social movement for creating a temple arose in respect of the imperial couple in the country, and the necessary donations were collected. During World War II, the temple burned down, his reconstruction was also supported by many Japanese in the country and beyond. The temple was restored in 1958.

The sanctuary building is a characteristic sample of the unique temple architecture of Japan, the cypress, which grows in Kiso is used, is a mountain range in the central part of Honshu Island, the so-called Japanese Alps. The building is surrounded by a garden in which all trees and bushes are growing, which are found in the country of the Rising Sun. Plants for him were also donated to many Japanese. In the northern part of the temple complex there is a treasury museum, which stores things and objects of the Maidi Board.

The outer garden of the Temple of Maidzi Jingu is also a venue for sports competitions. Here is a picture gallery of a memorial, which contains 80 frescoes, imprinted events from the life of the imperial couple. In the external garden there is also a memorial (wedding) Hall of Meiji, where wedding ceremonies in the traditions of Cino continue to hold.

Visitors of the Maidi Temple can get Ohmicyi - a paper predicting a piece of paper. The text of the prediction represents a poem composed by the emperor himself or his wife, which is accompanied by the shocking of the Shinto Priest.

Medzi Jingu is the most significant, the largest and most popular in Tokyo Shinto Temple. The Japanese are coming here to ask for the blessings of the gods in various life endeavors, whether the wedding, the birth of a child, business projects, or just passing an important exam in school or university.

In this, the souls of Emperor Maidzi, the souls of Emperor Meiji, and his spouses of Empress Syokan, and his spouses, wearing the name of Mutsukhit.

Emperor Mutsukhito Rules in Japan in 1868-1912 G. The story suggests that the country never knew such a powerful jump in development, as during this period, when Japan from the feudal backward state turned into one of the world's leading powers. Mutsukhito was the side son of the emperor Komey, and inherited the throne from his father aged 15 years. With his adder, a new era, called Meiji - "Enlightened Board" began.

They say, the kings do not belong to themselves, for they belong to the whole country and history, and therefore with all their apparent power often turn out to be deeply accidents, deprived of the right to do according to their convictions. Oddly enough, but one of the most revered in Japan emperors declared an absolute monarch; "Great reformer"; The first ruler, who became welcoming Western civilization and radically changing the face of the country, as the identity was deeply alien to all the changes that were going on from his behalf.

As the Supreme Ruler, he was present at all meetings, but never participated in the discussions, he was almost always silent and only signed decrees that were written on behalf of the Emperor. The one who watched the film "The Last Samurai" will probably remember the modest silent young man - the emperor of Japan by Meiji.

The largest wooden thorium in the country is leading to the sanctuary. Barrels Sake - Offering a Temple.

He was an unfailed conservative and deeply read the traditions that have developed at the court for many centuries, but it is his signature that stands on documents that break the age-old foundations of the Japanese society.

Not wanting to retreat from the path of their predecessors, even in trifles, he nevertheless was forced to wear alien and uncomfortable clothes - all these shrinkles and uniforms stitched along the western pattern. For the nation, he remained a living deity to which it was forbidden to touch with a simple mortal, so all the costumes sat on it baggy: the tailor could shoot measurements only at a distance, and sewed pants and jackets "on the eye".

Just like his divine ancestors, except for the legitimate spouse, he had a harem of concubines, but in secular rounds was forced to appear with his wife and portray a happy married couple of Western sample. Once it was even forced to pass in peace with her at hand, which was quite unacceptable on the old Japanese etiquette. It was on the anniversary of the "silver" wedding. They say that Mutsuchito was forced to give up, but having passed a few steps, did not squeeze such a shame and ran away from the shame.

The southern gate is opposite the main pavilion

In essence, the person is peaceful, but it was when Mutshito, Japan fought with Korea, China, and then with Russia.

We cannot know how consciously Matsukhito played his role, turning the ship of Japanese history at the new course. It is known that Mutsukhito drank a lot, and not only the traditional Japanese Sake, but also the western wines appeared to taste. On the track leading to the Temple of Maidzi, barrels with red burgundy wines are installed: so the Western world expressed his appreciation to the first "pro-Western" Emperor of Japan, whose spirit lives in the temple.

It is also known that the emperor expressed his robust protest of the innovations of civilization, forbidding electricity in his palace: until his death, the palace was illuminated only by candles. They say the "great reformer" was so far from the civilization that at first the night pot took for being placed under his head at night.

Be that as it may, Emperor Mutsuchito forever remained in the memory of grateful Japanese. 8 years after his death, in 1920 a new sanctuary was built, called Maidi Jinggu. The temple structure was destroyed during the bombings of the Second World War: Americans considered Emperor Maidzi with a symbol of Militarist Japan, and aimedly dumped bombs on this sanctuary. The restoration of the temple and the surrounding Park was completed in October 1958. People from all over Japan have taken trees and bushes here. As a result, 365 species of plants were collected on the territory of more than 700,000 square meters.

Internal courtyard of the temple sanctuary

In a guidebook, which can be freely taken when visiting the temple, we are taught to correctly express your respect to the monarch of perfume:

1. First of all, if you have serious intentions to get divine support, your appearance and clothing must match. The Japanese are followed by this item only in particularly solemn cases, the crowds of local residents roam here with noisy cheerful gam. Most of them are dressed in jeans or even shorts. It often looks here and a cheerful disclaimed prayer during Sunday costumed parties passing nearby.

2. Before you step on the inner territory, you need to rinse your hands and mouth in the sacred fountain. This custom is characteristic of all Japanese temples: the ceremony of cleansing is the main action in syntoism.

3. You pass to the main building and, if you wish, you can give the gods a few coins, throwing them into a special box. They say that the coins should be dropped from afar so that they are snewed, and the deities woke up from the sacred dement, paying attention to you.

Sacred dances during the annual festival

All, consider, your mission is completed: the gods you heard. It is not true, a simpler way to pray difficult to come up with. To make the perfume do not forget your request, you can refer to them in writing using a special wooden sign "EMA". Such signs hang here on the boards mounted around a chic tree. At the end of the year, these "petitions" will be burned on the sacred fire, and all requests will go to the sky to the gods along with the smoke.

People with pleasure also reveals amulets giving protection and favor in various situations: you can purchase an amulet from the evil eye, for family well-being, for a safe completion of childbirth, for successful study, safe driving of the car ... In general, there would be a problem, and the amulet will be found .

One of the sevenous types of fortune telling in the territory of the temple is the fortune telling in the poems of Vaca, the emperor remained to us and his wife. Matsukhito created for his life about 100 thousand creations, the Iperactric - 30 thousand. All of them are written as editing living.

Here is some of them:

Moon

Deep changes
occur
Because so much
of people
Leave this world
Only the moon in the autumn
night
Always remains all the same

Random thought

Understand life
Seeing like a stone
Rained rain
Don't cling to illusion
What does not change anything

Random thought

I do not need
Friend to heaven
Or blame
Others (for my suffering)
When I see
Your own mistakes

Random thought

So many accusations
In this world
Therefore, do not worry
About it
Too strong

Your guide in Japan,
Irina

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Emperor Maidzi was famous for his love for writing Vaca. After herself he left the Japanese people more than 100 thousand poems. His spouse, Empress Syokan, also wrote poems in this genre. Its account is about 30 thousand poetic works.

Feature of the temple of Maidzi.

The Temple of Meiji is a relatively new place of worship. It was created in 1920 on the concept of Wanokoxi (Soul of the Japanese and Talan of Western Man). Therefore, unusual Omikuji is not the only feature of the temple.

According to Mika Fukutoku, most people tend to think that the temple is only the main shrine. In fact, he, with his inner and external parts, is something big. The temple located in the inner garden is a symbol of the Japanese soul. Here you worship and show your respect to the spirits. But the outer garden of the temple is made in a pro-Western style. There is a picture gallery in which 80 paintings are stored. They reflect the life of Emperor Maidzi, who actively supported friendly relations with foreign countries. For example, symmetric Ginkgo trees are also the trends of the West.

The treasure museum, located in Gayen Gardens, brightly illustrates the merge of the Japanese and Western Colorite. The architectural design of the building resembles Sosoin, the treasury of the famous temple in the prefecture. However, Maidzi Treasure Museum, in contrast to the temple, is not made of wood, but from concrete.

Temple of Meiji (Najn), top view

The sanctuary has three main parts:

• Najan (inside), a place where the sanctuary buildings are located,
• Gaien (outer part), where the memorial art gallery and sports facilities are located, including one of the oldest baseball stadiums Meiji Jinggua and Memorial Hall of Meiji and a wedding hall.

Note that the total area of \u200b\u200bthe forest massif is the order of seven hundred square meters. About 170 thousand trees consisting of 245 different species grow here. This landscape designed and created Sayiru Honda, as well as his assistants of Takanari Hongo and Cagei Werehara, who boldly abandoned the offer of the then Prime Minister Siganobu Okuma to use in design exclusively cedar. Honda wanted to create an evergreen forest, but, as it turned out, the local soil did not fit for this tree.

Forest Temple Maidzi.

« In 2011, as part of preparations for the Town Anniversary of the Temple, we monitored the types of trees growing in the area. So, as it turned out, in the local forest, much less than those of Japan trees than, let's say in the parks of the central part of Tokyo. This man-made forest was created to please his beauty for many centuries and, it seems, it will be", - Miki Fukutuket said.

Such a wealth of nature attracts more tourists in this place than believers. In addition to plants, you can meet rare birds here, which often arrive in the forest. This place was home to the disappearing type of Japanese gold orchids and many other rare plant species.

The forest, which became the wonderful brainchild of Honda, Hongo and Wuhara, will delight tourists and local more than one year. Fukutuket explained: " According to experts, the trees did not live even half the term. The thing is that camphor trees can live from 300 to 400 years. That is why not only our grandchildren will be able to walk here, but also great-grandchildren, and even the greatst!»

According to Fukutoku, despite all these attractions, the number of foreign tourists increases, but not so rapidly. In the future there is a stable increase in their increase, because the Temple of Majaji is the best way to get acquainted with the Japanese culture.

Fukutoku with pride added: " Of course, shrines on the outskirts of the city can offer a more authentic atmosphere, but our temple is more affordable. We can, for example, boast such a guest as President USA Barack Obama, who was in the temple last year. Temple Maidji is really unique. Being in the center of the capital, you can not only see the shrine, but also suddenly find yourself in the real forest».

Celebrations and weekdays Temple Maidzi

The most important holiday of the temple - Raisai (major autumn festival), which takes place on November 3 in memory of the Emperor Meiji. These events are invited to ambassadors from different countries that can enjoy traditional Japanese performances. Such a holiday is a harbinger of the upcoming fussy period of New Year days. Of the ten million annual visitors, three million visit the temple in this period. Therefore, it is precisely the next New Year's days - an important time for all people who, one way or another, are involved in the Temple of Maidzi.

Haradjuku-Guti - entrance to the Temple of Maidzi

Three entrances lead to the temple:

• Haradjuku-Guati,
• Yoshi-Guti
• Sangubaci-Guati.

As a rule, the entrance from Haradjuk is constantly open, and when the number of visitors increases significantly, the other inputs are open. As the Miki Fukutoku explained, the use of Haradjuku-Guati as the main entrance is justified. Entering through these gates to the visitor is easier to navigate and get to the temple. In addition, with the opening of the Kharazyuk station, most tourists and believers come to the entrance of Harajuku-Guati. That is why the street adjacent to the temple is called Omotesando. The vernal name means: "Omote" - the front, "Sando" - the road, i.e. "Front road." In addition, the gate of Haradjuku-Guati is the biggest gate of the Temple of Maidie.

In 2020, during the period of the sanctuary, it will be celebrated its century. Therefore, in the Temple of Maidie, serious restoration work is planned, thanks to which the shrine will noticeably transform and attract the attention of even more tourists.

The main works will be to restore the main building of the temple. In it during abundant precipitation periodically flows the roof, so the repair will begin with this part of the shrine. But this is not the main reason why the administration decided to start preparation exactly from here. It is believed that the souls of Emperor Maidzi and Empress Syokan are just in the main building. This is the most important part of the Temple of Meiji.

According to the materials of the Internet publications.

Maidji Dzing. (Meiji shrine) is temple Maidzi. In Tokyo, one of the largest shinto sanctoes of the country. Located a temple in the Tokyo Park Joyoga, which covers an area of \u200b\u200b700,000 square meters. This area is covered with evergreen forests, which consist of 120,000 365 trees of various species donated to people from all over Japan. Maidji Jinggu is the most visited sacral monument in the world. Every year, this cult place is visited by 30 million tourists. The construction of the sanctuary was started in 1915, the temple was built in honor of Emperor Maidzi, who died in 1912, and his spouses Empress Syokan, who died in 1914. After their death, the creation of a sanctuary arose. The building was completed in 1920, but officially Maidzi Jingu opened in 1926, and during the Great East Asian War, so the Japanese call the second world, the sanctuary was destroyed by the Americans. The reconstruction of an existing building, which was supported by many Japanese in Japan and abroad, was completed in 1958. Having visited this temple, each tourist realizes that only the majestic ruler was able to turn Japan into a modern state.

General Type of Temple and Park

The road to the temple itself through the territory of the Tokyo Park Joyoga takes about 15 minutes from the central entrance to the park. It is laid by gravel and surrounded by very high trees. Through the tops of the pines and the trees of Gingko, the sunshine is difficult to break through, the poem is always sulk and the impression of abandonment. The twilight in the park is still kept in the hot June days, when the temperature reaches 35 degrees, which makes tourists feel soy and uncertainly surrounded by huge trees with hundredsmates. This fleet has been eliminated by flowers or falling foliage, which reminds eternal autumn. The territory surrounded by the trees of the sanctuary is a characteristic example of a unique Japanese temple architecture in traditional Nagare-Dzukuri style. During construction, cypress from Kiso was used. In the garden, all types of trees and shrubs that grow in Japan are presented.

Maidzi Jinggu is not just a temple associated with the imperial surname, this is a huge temple complex. In addition to the shrine itself, the treasury and the Palace of Ceremonies are also located here. The building of the Treasury Museum is located in the northern part of the Temple Zone. It is built of a stone in the architectural style of Adsekura-Dzukuri. Here are various items of the time of the rule of the imperial couple. The tracks on the approaches to the temple in the fall are decorated with decorative tents with lined chrysanthemums, because this flower is a symbol of the imperial power of Japan.

The outer garden of Mayji Jingu, located approximately 0.7 miles (1.13 km) from the courtyard, is known in the world as a Japanese sports center. Its creation was completed in 1926. The external garden area is 77 acres (31.16 hectares). At the end of the alley, landed by the Ginkgo trees, there is an art gallery of Meiji Memorial, which contains 80 large frescoes illustrating the events of the emperor's life and his spouses. In the corner of the external garden there is a memorial (wedding) Hall of the Meiji, where one of the important religious actions is continued, a synthosh wedding ceremony. Previously, this building was mainly used for conferences and meetings, it was discussed by the project of the Maidzi Constitution.

In Tokyo Park, Joyoga is the most popular Shinto Church of Tokyo - Maidji Jing. The history of this Shinto sanctuary is relatively small, this year is 90 years old, age for the Temple "Infant". The decision to create in the capital of Japan of this sanctuary was accepted shortly after the death of Emperor Maidzi (1852-1912) and his spouse, Empress Syokan (1850-1914). Years of the reign of this imperial couple fell on the difficult years of the country's formation after liquidation in 1868 the medieval system of the Military Board (Sögunat). For historically, the shortest time the country managed to get rid of medieval remnants, to adopt the positive experience of developed countries, both in the economic and social spheres. These changes the people of Japan largely connected with the efforts of Emperor Maidzi. Therefore, the enthusiasm is clear with which ordinary Japanese meets the decision to create in the capital of the sanctuary of Maidji Jing. Emperor Maidzi was buried in Kyoto, but the new sanctuary, in accordance with the traditions of Shintoism, was intended for the residence of the spirit of the imperial couple. The former estate of AI passed to the property of the imperial house. And the emperor Maidzi himself, and his spouse was more than once here. For them, a tea house was built on the shore of the pond, the platform for fishing. In the inner garden, the main building of the temple and the treasure repository (personal belongings of the Imperial Fi Maidzi) were posted. The sanctuary is built of Japanese cypress wood, resistant to moisture. Therefore, the walls did not even cover the paint. The roof of the temple is covered with copper sheets. Having acquired a green patina over time, they helped the sanctuary to organically fit into the greens of the surrounding park. As it is characteristic of any Shinto temple, you can only go to the sanctuary only under the sacred gates of Thoria. To build the gate of Maidzi Jingu from Taiwan (he at that time was located in the Japanese Empire) were brought trunks of huge 1500-year-old cypress trees that grew up on Mount Ari. In the girth, these trunks were almost 4 m. Of these, the largest gates in the country with a height of 12 m were erected, separating the inner, sacral, the zone of the sanctuary from the external, worldly. And on the territory of Gaien, a memorial picture gallery was erected, where 80 paintings are stored, reflecting the stages of the life of Emperor Maidzi, the memorial hall used now for the wedding ceremonies in the Shinto rite, and the National Stadium. No matter how large there were construction work, the main efforts had to spend on creating a temple park. A real forest of 120 thousand trees rose around the temple on 8.3g land. Since the seedlings sent a variety of varieties and varieties, then the environment of Maidi Jinggu became partly to remind the Botanical Garden with a magnificent selection of national flora. The construction of the sanctuary was completed in 1920, and after a few years he was surrounded by green bush with cozy paths, opening a slow pedestrian, almost every step and new species, often reflected in the lakes in the mirrors. Amazingly, Maidji Jingu is attended daily thousands of believers, pilgrims, tourists, but in the surrounding park you can always find solitude and peace, which even the sounds of the surrounding megalpolis, who are not able to break through the thick foliage. On season, the park decorate floral glades - azaleas, irises, roses, water lilies, wisteria. The history of the existence of Maidzi Jing is short, but it did not save the temple from shocks. In the last year of World War II, American bomber bombers incented bombs destroyed the sanctuary. Only in November 1958, the efforts of thousands of volunteers, the temple and the park were restored. It demanded a huge amount of amounts - 600 million yen (1.67 million dollars), which was collected by subscription. The sanctuary is not only a tribute to the memory of Emperor Meiji. Thousands of people come here with their prayers. It is enough to buy for 500 yen Wooden nameplate of the Ema, write a desire on her back side, hang a sign on any woody knot or bush (all plants in Gaien and Naison are considered sacred), and prayer is guaranteed to reach Divine