Abstract Federated States of Micronesia. Truk, Federated States of Micronesia United States of Micronesia
There are many amazing countries in the world. I can often hear about some of them, and some of them rarely fall into the field of view of most people. Of course, it is necessary to constantly increase your level of knowledge, get acquainted with other states and cultures. This article will talk about such a wonderful country as the Federated States of Micronesia. Indeed, this state is not so often audible, which is why it is worth telling about it in detail. This country is unique in many ways, coming there, tourists are often amazed how much it is not similar to other corners of the world. Now it is worth moving to a detailed story about this state, its history, population, culture and many other interesting things.
A little about the country itself
So, first you need to consider basic information about this country. The Federated States of Micronesia is a state, it is located in the Caroline Islands, which, in turn, are near New Guinea. It can also be said that it is located in Oceania. Of course, it is believed that this is an independent state. This status has been for a long time, since 1986. However, despite this, the country actually depends on the US economic assistance. A special agreement was concluded between these two states, according to which America undertakes to support the financial system of the Federated States of Micronesia, as well as if necessary, to ensure their defense.
A few words should be said about the part of the world where Micronesia is located, that is, oceania. You can hear this word DONAL often, but it is not always clear that it means. Oceania is a very unusual region, which consists of a large number of different islands. He is in the Pacific Ocean. This territory plays an important geopolitical role, it is also often distinguished as a separate geographical object.
How and at what time it was born
Now it is worth moving towards the story of the country's history. It is incredibly interesting, since rich in various events. According to many data, it is believed that the first residents appeared here in the 2nd millennium BC. e. On this basis, it can be said that the Federated States of Micronesia is a really ancient country. Even some monuments of that time, for example, the ruins of the ancient NAN-Madol, which appeared in time immemorial times are preserved.
Federated States of Micronesia: the history of the country
After a long time, colonization occurred. In those days it was completely no wonder. At that moment, when the process of colonization began, the local society was still only at the stage of primitive system, where communities existed.
The islands where the state is located, discovered in 1527. They were opened by Spanish navigators. After some time, the Spaniards said that Caroline Islands were in their possession, although in fact at that time control over the territory was not established. After a long time, Germany became interested in them. In 1885, she declared his rights to this state. However, Spain was opposed to such actions and declared this to arbitration, as a result of which the islands were left behind Spain. It would seem that the situation was solved. But this is not quite how Germany expressed a desire to purchase Islands in Spain. In 1899, such a deal was committed.
During the First World War, the island switched to other hands, since they were captured by Japan. At that time they were used to create sugar plantations. In the Second World War, these territories switched to the United States. And already in 1986, as mentioned above, the country received the status of free, but is in factual dependence on the United States.
Federated States of Micronesia: detailed information about the population
Now it is worth talking about the population of this state. Of course, as a result of the colonization and permanent transition to various countries, FSM has a very unusual composition of the population. So, if we talk about the entire population, it is more than 102 thousand people. Such statistics exists in 2010, when a census was conducted in the country. Due to the low level of living, there is a fairly large outflow of people, so the level of emigration is also quite high. However, despite this, the indicators of the average life expectancy of the population here are quite high - 73 years for women and 69 years for men. The ethnic composition is very diverse here and is represented by various peoples. The largest share is the indigenous population of the island, which is called "Chuch". It is slightly less than 50% of the number. The rest of the population is represented by other peoples, for example, ponap.
Interestingly, the official language of this country is English. It is also used to communicate between different peoples. In addition, there are few more languages \u200b\u200bfor communication between the locals. Basically, the population of this country is competent (about 90%).
What nations live in the state
Speaking about the country's population, it is necessary to separately say a few words about its ethnic composition. So, as already mentioned, nationality dominates in the country called Chuch. Sometimes you can also hear another name for this people - Truk. This is the indigenous population of the islands, which appeared here in time expanse. Representatives of this people are now no more than 50 thousand people. They have their own language, which has the name "Truk". Their main religion is Christianity, but some traditional destinations of faith are still preserved.
Another people, which constitutes a significant proportion of the country's population (about 25%) - Ponap. This is the ancient people of Micronesia, which has long been living on the island of the same name. The number of it is only 28 thousand people. Religious views, mainly Catholicism and Protestant, however, as well as the people of Truk, traditional cults are preserved. Other people live here, but they are represented by a much smaller number of people.
So, a small overview of the peoples, which inhabit the Federated States of Micronesia. The detailed characteristics of these nationalities is necessary in order to better understand the history and culture of this country.
A country's economy
Now, when there are already much information about this wonderful country, it is worth moving to the consideration of the economy. Many are interested in what production activities are engaged and what the Federated States of Micronesia are produced. It is possible to hear about the country that it is mainly a manufacturer of agricultural products.
This is true, the economic activity of Micronesia is presented for the most part of the production of agricultural products and fishing. Thanks to the climate, here you can grow many different plants, such as coconut palms, vegetables and fruits of different types and varieties and much more. Also enjoys animal husbandry, most often breed pigs, goats and chickens.
Federated States of Micronesia also have their own industry. Mostly here are enterprises for the processing of agricultural products, plants for the production of soap and woodworking production.
What climate in the Federated States of Micronesia
It is also worth paying slightly attention to local climatic conditions. In these places, nature and weather can be very pleased. The country lies in the zones of the equatorial and subequatorial climate. The temperature here mainly keeps at level from 26 ° C to 33 ° C. Good weather most of the year boasts the Federated States of Micronesia. Photo of the wonderful nature of this country can be found in guidebooks and other materials, in particular in this article. It is especially interesting that this part of the ocean is considered a place where the birth of large typhoons occurs. Basically, their season lasts from August to December.
The vegetation world is quite diverse here, most often you can see coconut palms. Basically, tropical forests are dominated here, as well as savanna.
Sights of the country
One of the main attractions of this country is Nan-Madol. It is truly interesting ruins of an ancient city, which existed in time immemorial. It was located on a large area, which included more than 90 islands in its composition. They were interconnected by a whole system of different channels.
Many cultural monuments, in addition to the ancient city, boast the Federated States of Micronesia. Capital - Palikir is also very interesting in terms of history. Here you can get acquainted with the culture and sights of this ancient country.
The Federated States of Micronesia are a country that is located in Oceania, not far from the Archipelago of the Caroline Islands. Its territory is the islands in the north of the Pacific, which are located near Hawaii and. The total area of \u200b\u200bthe country is 702 sq. Km. The coastline is 6112 km.
The territory of the country is represented by the islands (high mountainous islands are replaced by low), coral atolls, volcanic outcrops. Four main island groups consist of 607 islands.
Map of Federated States Micronesia
The country has rich vegetation with various unique species. On the slopes above the volcanic islands, severe tropical vegetation is characteristic, including tropical deciduous rocks. Different types of tropical plants and colors grow in Micronesia forests. Coconut palm trees grow on coral atolls. Country flora represent: hibiscus, orchids, banana, eucalyptus, red tree, iron tree, papaya, plumeria. The fauna is represented by various types of birds, tropical volatile mice, rare species, lizards that can be found in various parts of the country. In the reservoirs of Micronesia lives several types of turtles and rods. In addition, other species, such as Marlin, Tuna, Barracuda, Sailboat dwell here. Representatives of the sea fauna live in the open sea, on reefs, in lagoon and coastal areas. Natural resources: wood, deep-sea minerals, phosphate.
The climate of Micronesia is tropical. It is characterized by a large amount of precipitation all year round, mainly in the east of the country. In the south there is a Typhoon belt, which sometimes leads to serious damage.
Federated States of Micronesia - the Constitutional Government in the Free Association with the United States. The head of state is the president, he is also the head of government. The Cabinet of Ministers includes vice president and chapters of eight executive departments.
Administrative and territorial division - 4 states. Capital - Palikir. The largest cities: Voo (Chuha), Colony (PJ), Colonia (Poipei), Tofol (Carae).
The population of the country is 106104 people. On the territory of the country they live in the main Chuch (48.8%), ponap (24.2%), KOSPEE (6.2%), PP (5.2%), Yaps of external islands (4.5%), Asians ( 1.8%), Polynesians (1.5%). English - official language. Religion: Roman Catholics (52.7%), Protestants (41.7%), others (3.8%). Literacy - 91% of men, 88% of women. Urban population: 23%. Population density: 160.41 people / km². Middle Age: Men - 22.8 years old, in women - 24 years old. The average life expectancy: 70.09 years old - men, 74,16 years old - women.
The economic activity of the country is based on natural agriculture and fisheries. On the islands there are several well-known mineral deposits. There is a potential for the development of tourism. But this development is slowed down by isolation, lack of adequate objects, as well as restrictions in water connection, therefore, the majority of tourists in the federal states of Micronesia prefers other options, for example, a tour in Alanya. In accordance with the terms of the initial treaty, the United States provided $ 1.3 billion in grants and assistance in 1986-2001. The government is funded mainly due to the Free Association Agreement (Compact) and the assistance provided by the United States.
Exported goods: fish, clothes, bananas, black peppers, betel. Export partners: Thailand, Japan, USA, Hong Kong, China. Imported goods: Food, industrial goods, machinery and equipment, drinks. Import Partners: Thailand, USA, Japan,
Micronesia
Federated States of Micronesia
Area:701.4 kV. KM
Administrative and territorial division:4 states (Truk, Cossary, Poipei, Yap)
Capital:Palikir (on about. Poipei)
Official language:english
Currency unit:u.S. dollar
Population:108.2 thousand (2004)
Population density for square. KM:154 people
The share of urban population:no data
Ethnic population:micronesians of various ethnic groups; The most numerous group inhabit Truk Island (St. 50% of the total population)
Religion:approximately equally represented Catholics and Protestants
The basis of the economy:agriculture and Tourism
Employment:in the service sector - St. 55%; In agriculture - approx. 44%; In industry (processing of agricultural products) - approx. 1.5%
GDP:277 million USD (2002)
GDP per capita:2.5 thousand USD
Form of the State Device:federalism
Form of government:presidential republic
Legislature:single Parliament
Head of State:the president
Head of the government:the president
Party structures:absent
Basics of government
The Federated States of Micronesia (FSM) are located in the western part of the Pacific Ocean, on the Central Human and Eastern Caroline Islands open by Spanish seafarers in 1528. In 1899, Spain sold the islands of Germany, but during the First World War they switched to Japan. Since 1947, the UN Secret Territory under the administration of the United States (as part of the Pacific Islands). In 1986, Truk Islands, Kosyar, Ponpei, Yap, as well as the Small Atollas adjacent to them received the status of a free association. From September 17, 1991, FSM is an independent state.
The current Constitution currently was developed during the US guardianship. On May 12, 1978, she was adopted on the referendum, by virtue of the year - on May 10, 1979. In addition to the preamble, in its composition fourteen sections and ninety-four articles. The decision to adopt amendments to the Constitution is made exclusively by popular voting.
The head of state and the head of government is the president elected by senators (see below) for a period of four years. Simultaneously with the president, the vice president is elected. The president and vice president cannot be out of one state.
Federal legislative power is carried out by a unicameral parliament - National Congress.Four deputies, one from each state, are elected for a period of four years (they occupy a priority and are called senators), ten - for a period of two years (from the trumpet - five deputies, from Pone - three, from Kosyara and Yap - one by one) .
Executive power is carried out by the Government headed by the President.
Each state has its own constitutions, in general, similar to the federal, there are also its legislative bodies and their governments. Guidelines governors who elect the population.
Judicial system
Federal judicial authority is Supreme Court,which simultaneously performs the functions of the court of first instance and the appellate court. The judges of the Supreme Court appoints the head of state, but it must be advised to consult a senators about his choice.
At the state level, local supreme courts act, also authorized, in addition to conducting proceedings on the first instance, take and consider appeals. The exception is the staff of the cosmier, the smallest of all (there is no more than 7% of the total population), - there is no appeal office in the Supreme Court of this state.
On the populated atolls there are local (municipal) courts.
The functions of constitutional control performs the Supreme Court.
Leading political parties
There are no registered political parties in the Federated States of Micronesia. In May 2007, Emmanuel Mori, a native of the island of Truk, earlier, since 1999, deputy of the National Congress has become president.
The president
From May 2007 - Emmanuel Mori
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