Secrets of the ocean depths. The mystery of the ocean depths Interesting secrets about the world's oceans

Ecology

Some people believe that there are practically no unexplored places left on our planet by the beginning of the 21st century, but the largest part of the Earth - the world ocean - remains a virtually unexplored area. And this is not surprising, since every schoolchild knows that the ocean covers more than 70 percent of the surface of our planet, and the average depth of the water system is about four kilometers.

It is these conditions that make the ocean the most populated part of the Earth's ecosystem, which, however, is one of the least friendly on our planet. The ocean is very cold, incredibly dark and lacks oxygen. And what is the terrifying pressure worth?, which in the depths of the ocean is thousands of times higher than the pressure on the surface of the planet! Thanks to all these factors, the biochemistry of the underwater world is unlike any other world.

However, despite all these seemingly unbearable conditions that impede the development of life, one cannot help but recognize the fact that we have only just scratched the surface of the study of deep-sea life. Now every scientist realizes that the ocean is home to an incredible diversity of living organisms about which we know almost nothing! In some regions we can only say anything concrete about one percent of the inhabitants of the ocean floor.

The most bizarre world

The inhabitants of the underwater world are significantly different from the inhabitants of the surface of the planet, and some have simply incredible appearance. Take, for example, a deep-sea shark, or a monster-like idiot, frightening red glow of the so-called postorbital photophores! The species of bioluminescent fish, crawling sea lilies, blood-red mollusks, octopuses with luminous suckers, cone-shaped jellyfish a meter or more wide are fascinating; armored snail and many, many other harmless and deadly poisonous creatures.

Probably one of the most impressive inhabitants of the deep sea is the 13-meter giant octopus or architeuthis, which was recently captured on video for the first time. It is known, however, that these creatures can be truly gigantic in size- up to 18 meters in length, although no one has yet seen them live. It is only known that only sperm whales and Greenland polar sharks can resist such predators.

Life in the depths also thrives in the form of bacteria, worms and crustaceans that literally litter the abyssal (deep-sea) plains that make up much of the world's ocean floor. They feed on organic food, which snow falls on them from the upper layers. What happens deep under the ocean floor? For a long time it was believed that life there was impossible, but in 2003, researchers discovered a unique bacterium in a sedimentary layer at a depth of three hundred meters under the bottom of the Pacific Ocean. This bacterium has been living there for many millions of years.

An incredible sight are the deep-sea corals, which were discovered at a depth of up to six thousand meters, where the water temperature does not exceed two degrees Celsius. Despite this, deep-sea corals can quite rival in splendor its tropical shallow-water relatives. These slow-growing organisms have recently been discovered to litter the seabed from the coast of Ireland to New Zealand (they even cover the supports of oil drilling rigs).

It is noteworthy that humanity realized how widely these living organisms had spread along the ocean floor only when they began to use a special method of fishing, destroying the ecostructure of the ocean floor (we are talking about trawl fishing). The largest known habitat of deep-sea corals was discovered only in 2002. It is located off the coast of Norway and covers an area of ​​more than one hundred square kilometers.

Hydrothermal wonders

In some places the abundance of life is simply amazing. Some of the most impressive deep-sea ecosystems have been discovered around hydrothermal vents, where superheated water rich in chemicals erupts from volcanically active ridges located on the ocean floor. Here, thanks to bacteria that feed on methane and sulfides, large communities of living organisms thrive, including giant clams, various bizarre fish and even the riftia, a giant invertebrate animal up to three meters long.

Some photosynthetic bacteria that live near certain hydrothermal vents are surprising not only for their faint glow, but also for their ability to thrive in water temperatures of more than 121 degrees Celsius! Similar volcanic vents that are usually isolated, sometimes releasing huge volumes of superheated water, carrying bacteria from one crater to another. Such moving streams look like real underwater “flying saucers”!

For the first time, deep-sea emissions through conductive channels on the ocean floor (they were called black smokers) were discovered in 1977 with the help of the American manned submersible Alvin. Discovery of an entire ecosystem at a depth of two thousand meters, which does not require photosynthesis processes, literally changed humanity's views on life. We now know that such ecosystems are quite common throughout the seafloor from Scandinavia to the Pacific Ocean.

Scientists have determined that deep-sea ecosystems develop along the mid-ocean ridge, both in relatively shallow water and at a depth of several kilometers. Some experts even tend to think that life on Earth formed precisely in such vents, which can reach 60 meters in height. Others believe that similar geological formations could become the source of life in the frozen water basins of the Earth, other planets and their satellites, including Mars and Europa.

Hydrothermal vents are not the only oases of life in the depths of the world's oceans. In 1984, biologists discovered so-called cold springs. We're talking about places on the ocean floor, through which water enriched with chemical elements seeps to the surface, supporting life around it. Typically, such sources are found near the boundaries of continents.

Another unusual source of nutrients for many organisms, which allows them to literally thrive, are the dead bodies of whales, sperm whales and other large inhabitants of the deep. These bodies settle to the bottom and can serve as a refuge for various organisms for many decades. For example, the carcass of a whale that settled to the bottom, which weighed up to 160 tons, is capable of feeding more than four hundred species, ranging from sharks and hagfish (vertebrates of the cyclostome class), ending with bone-eating “zombie worms” (osedax) and living off sulfides bacteria.

Seamounts and chasms

The bottom of the seas and oceans is covered with depressions and hills, but there are also real outstanding volcanic peaks. In fact, these peaks are a kind of analogue of the islands, which, as is known, often characterized by extremely rich and unusual flora and fauna. Likewise, underground peaks are home to numerous species unknown to science, of which, probably, half are unique and characteristic only of this particular mountain range.

Despite the fact that the world has a thriving fishing industry, concentrated around approximately one hundred thousand major seamounts in the oceans, Only a few of these seamounts have been truly well studied. This is a real paradise for expeditions aimed at discovering new species. The largest underwater mountain range extends from the mid-ocean ridge 70 thousand kilometers around the planet!

Exploration of the depths of the world's oceans began around 1930, when American oceanographers descended to a depth of one thousand meters in a steel ball, which was connected to the surface with a cable. And already in 1960 Research bathyscaphe "Trieste" plunged to a depth of 11 kilometers into the Mariana Trench located near the Philippines (as you know, this trench is considered the deepest place on Earth). Since then, no one else has dived to such depths.

There is no doubt that the next generation of diving technology will help us continue to unlock the secrets of the deep. Successful attempts include the launch of a Japanese remote-controlled underwater vehicle, which reached the bottom of the Mariana Trench in 1995, but was later lost; the recent invention of the Alvin apparatus, which is capable of reaching 99 percent of the seabed. There are also known underwater vehicles that are more reminiscent of fighter jets with jet engines. An entire army of robots is being developed that can build autonomous laboratories on the seabed. Humanity is trying its best to unravel the mysteries of the world's oceans, but for now it remains one of the biggest mysteries on Earth.

The bottom of the world's oceans is uneven, cut through by gorges whose depth is tens of thousands of meters. The relief was formed millions of years ago due to the movement of tectonic plates - the “shell” of the earth’s crust. Due to their continuous movement, the location and shape of the continents and the ocean floor changed. The deepest ocean on the planet is the Pacific Ocean, which at this stage of technological development cannot be fully explored.

The Pacific Ocean is the largest on the planet. In its western latitudes lie the continents of Australia and Eurasia, in the southern - Antarctica, in the eastern - South and North America. The length of the Pacific Ocean from south to north is almost 16 thousand kilometers, and from west to east - 19 thousand. The area of ​​the ocean together with its seas is 178.684 million kilometers, and the average depth is about 4 kilometers. But there are amazing places in the Pacific Ocean that make it the deepest in the world.

The Mariana Trench is the deepest place in the ocean

This deepest chasm got its name in honor of the nearby Mariana Islands. The depth of the Pacific Ocean in this place is 10 kilometers 994 meters. The deepest point of the trench is called the Challenger Deep. Geographically, the “Abyss” is located 340 km from the southwestern tip of the island of Guam.

If we take Mount Everest for comparison, which, as is known, rises 8848 m above sea level, it can completely disappear under water and there will still be room.

In 2010, an oceanographic expedition from New Hampshire conducted research on the ocean floor in the Mariana Trench area. Scientists have discovered four seamounts, each at least 2.5 kilometers high, crossing the surface of the trench at the point of contact between the Philippine and Pacific lithospheric plates. According to scientists, these ridges were formed about 180 million years ago as a result of the movement of the above-mentioned plates and the gradual creep of the older and heavier Pacific Plate under the Philippine Plate. The maximum depth of the Pacific Ocean was recorded here.

Diving into the abyss

Deep-sea vehicles with three people descended into the depths of the Challenger Deep four times:

1. Brussels explorer Jacques Piccard, together with American Navy Lieutenant John Walsh, were the first to dare to look into the face of the abyss. This happened on January 23, 1960. The deepest dive in the world was made on the bathyscaphe Trieste, designed by Auguste Piccard, Jacques' father. This feat, without a doubt, set a record in the world of deep diving. The descent lasted 4 hours 48 minutes, and the ascent lasted 3 hours 15 minutes. The researchers found large flat fish at the bottom of the trench that looked like flounder. The lowest point of the World Ocean was recorded - 10,918 meters. Later, Picard wrote the book “11 thousand meters”, describing all the moments of the dive.
2. On May 31, 1995, a deep-sea Japanese probe was launched into the depression, which recorded a depth of 10,911 m and also discovered ocean inhabitants - microorganisms.
3. On May 31, 2009, the Nereus automatic apparatus went on reconnaissance and stopped at 10,902 m. It shot a video, took pictures of the bottom landscape and collected soil samples, in which microorganisms were also found.
4. Finally, on March 26, 2012, film director James Cameron accomplished the feat of diving solo into the Challenger Deep. Cameron became the third person on Earth to visit the bottom of the World Ocean in its deepest place. The single-seat Deepsea Challenger was equipped with advanced deep-sea imaging equipment and powerful lighting equipment. Filming was carried out in 3G format. The Challenger Deep is featured in James Cameron's National Geographic Channel documentary.

This depression is located at the junction of the Indo-Australian plate and the Pacific plate. Extends from the Kermadec Trench towards the Tonga Islands. Its length is 860 km and its depth is 10,882 m, which is a record in the Southern Hemisphere and the second deepest on the planet. The Tonga region is notorious for being one of the most active seismic zones.

In 1970, on April 17, during Apollo 13's return to earth, the spent landing stage containing plutonium fell into the Tonga Trench to a depth of 6 km. No attempts were made to remove her from there.

Philippine Trench

The second deepest place in the Pacific Ocean is located in the Philippine Islands. The recorded depth of the depression is 10,540 m. The depression was formed as a result of the collision of granite and basalt layers, the latter, being heavier, was undermined by the granite layer. The process of meeting two lithospheric plates is called subduction, and the place of “meeting” is the subduction zone. In such places, tsunamis are born and earthquakes occur.

The depression runs along the volcanic ridge of the Kuril Islands on the border between Japan and Russia. The length of the trench is 1300 km, and the maximum depth is 10500 m. The depression was formed more than 65 million years ago during the Cretaceous period as a result of the collision of two tectonic plates.

It is located near the Kermadec Islands, northeast of New Zealand and in the southwest Pacific Ocean. The trench was first discovered by the Galatea group from Denmark, and the Soviet research vessel Vityaz studied the bottom of the trench in 1958 and recorded a maximum depth of 10,047 m. In 2008, an unknown species of sea slugs was discovered at the bottom of the trench, as well as deep-seated crustaceans long up to 30 cm.

Video: inhabitants of the Mariana Trench

Our blue planet is full of secrets, and we humans strive to comprehend them. We are curious by nature, learning from the past and looking forward to the future. The ocean is the cradle of humanity. When will he reveal his secrets to us? The greatest depth of the Pacific Ocean that is known to scientists - are these figures true, or is there something incomprehensible hidden under the black water?

Giant stone structure in the Sea of ​​Galilee

In 2003, scientists discovered a large round stone structure in the Sea of ​​Galilee 9 meters below sea level. The structure is built from basalt cobblestones stacked into a conical structure that is twice the size of Stonehenge. In the course of research, the results of which were recently announced, archaeologists have determined that this structure is very similar to the ancient site of mass graves that have previously been found in other parts of the planet, but it may also be a ceremonial structure. Archaeologists have not previously encountered structures of this size and with such nuances of structure, so they can only speculate about its age, how it was built and for what exact purposes.

Anomalous circles on the Google Earth map

Anomalous circles were discovered underwater off the coast of Florida, North Carolina, and Belize, both by archaeologists and simply Internet enthusiasts. Despite the fact that their existence is officially recognized, their historical purpose cannot be precisely determined, but many assume that these are ancient burial sites. Their shape is very similar to the stone structures discovered in Saudi Arabia. Structures underwater are better preserved than those remaining on the surface, and scientists have determined that they were built around the eighth millennium BC (and those discovered in Saudi Arabia - around the 7th millennium).

Structure in Lake McDonald, Ontario

Divers discovered evidence of Eastern Canada's antiquity while participating in a unique research project in 2005. It was a strange stone structure underwater 12 meters below sea level - a huge boulder weighing 453 kilograms rests on 7 baseball-sized stones, which in turn rest on a smooth slab on top of a ledge. At first it was assumed that this structure was of natural origin, but later scientists and archaeologists changed their point of view. They came to the conclusion that this “pyramid” was man-made, because the 7 small stones on which the boulder stands could not have naturally appeared under it in this form.

Anomaly in the Baltic Sea

It could be a UFO, a secret Nazi underwater weapon, or just a huge piece of rock trapped underwater - however, the discovery of a disk-shaped anomaly in the Baltic Sea (and its study in 2012) is causing much controversy among scientists. Swedish scientists managed to convince everyone that this was definitely not a UFO, but many questions still remain. Firstly, no layer of silt was found on the surface of this block, which is always present on objects that have been under water for a long time. Secondly, this 80-meter-wide rock is covered with some strange markings, and it is supported by an 8-meter pillar.

The mystery of Lake Baikal

Lake Baikal in southern Siberia is unique in many ways. It is the oldest, deepest and largest freshwater lake on Earth. The greatest depth of the lake is 1642 meters, and many of the fish species that live in it cannot be found anywhere else on the planet. Since Baikal's ice usually disappears completely in June, astronauts on the International Space Station were surprised to discover large rings of ice off Baikal's southern shores in April 2009. The origin of these rings remains a mystery, but there is an assumption that they arise due to the rise of deep waters and an increase in the temperature of the surface layer of water in the central part of the ring structures, but such phenomena have never been noticed here before.

Water is the most common substance on Earth, occupying more than a third of the entire surface of our planet. The variety of shapes and sizes of this life-giving force is amazing. Water is omnipresent, it is present in all living organisms and fills numerous depressions in the world.

Meanwhile, for the water element, it remains one of the greatest mysteries in the world, since only 5% of the World Ocean has been studied by people. and expensive research using bathyscaphes made it possible to partially study the unique world under a multi-kilometer layer of water, lifting the curtain on the secrets of the sea depths.

Who would have thought that under the calm surface of the water there were hidden ancient monsters and strange creatures, about which legends were made, which were considered just another invention of a science fiction writer and never left their refuge at the bottom of the ocean? Scientists continue to hypothesize about the existence of alien objects that hide the depths of the sea. But even experienced specialists cannot explain some of the mysterious events that occurred in the depths of the sea.

The legendary ship, its first and last launch (Titanic)

The sensational tragic event of the last century was the death of the Titanic, its time, a world miracle of shipbuilding. The owners confidently believed that no one and nothing in the world could crush this giant except the Lord, and therefore its unexpected, catastrophic fate shocked the entire world community. According to the official version, the giant ship collided with an iceberg, although at night the sea was calm and did not pose a threat. Due to significant damage to the hull, the liner sank to the bottom of the ocean, forever inscribing its name in the list called “Secrets of the Depths of the Sea.”

Irony of fate or coincidence? Unsinkable giant

As time passed, other reasons for the shipwreck of the mighty Titanic and its tragic descent into the depths of the sea were found. The secrets of the disaster partially came to the surface thanks to research that reliably established that:

1. Telegraph operators ignored reports of ice drift, busy sending telegrams, which was an expensive pleasure available only to the wealthiest passengers.
2. The delayed awareness of the collision and the impossibility of performing a saving maneuver are also due to the lack of binoculars on the lookout's person.
3. The captain and his reluctance to change course or reduce the speed of the ship also played a cruel joke.
4. The huge number of victims was the result of the inattention of the liner workers to the occupancy of the boats. In a panic, the boats were launched into the water half empty.
5. There was not a single red rocket on the giant ship, warning of an imminent disaster.

Through a hundred years and the depths of the sea. Ruthless destruction of luxury

For more than a century (since 1912), a giant liner has rested on the ocean floor. The last two decades have had a devastating impact on the ship. The causes of irreparable damage entail further mysteries of the deep sea. The Titanic suffered from profit hunters who plundered the ship and stole even the mast lighthouse, and from the destructive effects of bacteria that turned the best steel of that time into miserable pieces of rusty metal.

Without a trace or investigation. Disappearances in the Western Atlantic

The category of “depths” also includes the mysterious disappearances of aircraft and navigational equipment in the most mystical place of the Atlantic Ocean - the Bermuda Triangle. All sorts of versions appeared on the covers of periodicals of the last century! Guests from other planets and fantastic monsters were blamed for the disappearance of ships and planes without a trace. , and even evaporations of a unique nature that produce the depths of the sea. Mysteries led scientists further and further, resulting in amazing stories about black holes, jumping through time space and quite logical conclusions about the experiments of American intelligence agencies. However, none of the theories stood up to criticism All of them were doomed to be considered unsubstantiated.

Inexplicable, but true: the location of the Bermuda Triangle

Over the course of three decades, the disappearances of 37 aircraft and 38 ships, as well as a nuclear submarine and a balloon, were recorded. Until 1975, mysterious cases continued, called “Secrets of the Deep Sea.” The Bermuda Triangle, as scientists have calculated, has an area of ​​1 million km2 and is located between the islands of the same name, the southern cape of Florida and Puerto Rico. A characteristic feature of this place is a multi-tiered system of air and sea flows.

Questions are in the air. Unresolved disputes

Incomprehensible and not consistent with the conclusions of common sense, the secrets of the depths of the sea still remain unrevealed. More and more new information gives rise to new questions, many of which cannot be answered.

The sinking of the Titanic became a kind of trigger that created a subject for ongoing debate among both the public and brilliant scientists. Was the iceberg the cause of the collapse of a giant ship designed to stay afloat in the event of any unexpected disaster? What ruined the gigantic liner, interrupting its first solemn conquest of the water element? Is it all due to evil fate and excessive confidence in the unsinkability of the ship, or is there a more trivial reason behind the disaster?

There is even less clarity in the Bermuda Triangle case. The disappearance of dozens of pieces of equipment and people without the slightest clue or trace creates fertile ground for the most ambitious assumptions, which are impossible to confirm or refute at the present stage.

Scientists continue to study the smallest details and facts, compiling statistics and theories, and also develop instruments to further study the World Ocean. We can only hope that the innovations created by future technologies will shed light on the dark mysteries of the past, lurking at the very bottom of the sea.

No matter how hard man tries to position himself as the crown of creation of evolution, as soon as nature shows its tough temper, even modern developments turn out to be useless before the power of the advancing elements. New models of smartphones or another concept car that reaches a hundred kilometers in three seconds turn out to be unnecessary toys, the development of which wasted time, money and effort. An example of the powerlessness of humanity is very clearly manifested even in the inability to study our own planet, for example, what do we know about what is in the depths of the ocean?

Water is the earth's most valuable resource, although it still doesn't reach many people. After all, there is practically no water on other planets surrounding the Earth. This substance has a number of strange properties, for example, it expands both when heated and when cooled, while other substances expand when heated and contract when cooled. The neutral position of water is fixed at 4°C; at the same time, it forms a rather dense layer on the border with warmer layers, and a small underwater vessel can even lie on it, turning off the engines. This technique is often used by submariners when they want to deceive the enemy. And of course, water is home to billions of microorganisms, and those that live at great depths are still a mystery.

Unfortunately, a person is still not able to ensure a long stay at a significant depth, which means he is left with only short dives. However, what we manage to obtain is quite enough to throw modern scientists into a state of confusion. Water samples taken from the deepest place in the world, the Mariana Trench, showed that 90% of them contained microorganisms that were either vaguely reminiscent of those that can be found in surface waters, or completely unknown to science.

Recently, while studying samples of Antarctic ice, scientists discovered some similarities between bacteria frozen thousands of years ago and those found in samples from the ocean. Thus, we can trace the connection and confidently say that previously the appearance of the planet, like the climate, was completely different, however, what happened that forced microorganisms to adapt to such unfavorable living conditions in eternal darkness?

Many scientists are of the opinion that millions of years ago, a meteorite fell on the surface of the Earth, and this led to climate change and a pole shift. The description of the catastrophe can be found most often under the guise of a global flood... The latter, however, could have already been a consequence and flooded ancient cities located on land. With such global changes, there simply could not have been earth tremors, as a result of which the well-known Mariana Trench was formed, and microorganisms or other forms of life that got into it along with water found themselves in an isolated space with their own natural laws, beginning to adapt to them. This mysterious place has not yet been explored and, according to the most conservative estimates, under the ocean floor there is a space of hundreds of thousands of cubic meters, with its own mountainous terrain. It remains a mystery how one can survive at such a depth and in the complete absence of oxygen, if, of course, the creatures there have the same structure as those living above? What worries researchers most is the potential danger that may come from microorganisms that can be the causative agents of dangerous and unknown diseases.

If it is still possible to find some scientific explanations for microorganisms and try to investigate the phenomenon, then with strange creatures that vaguely resemble humans, this does not work. Eyewitnesses who have seen them talk about short-term chance encounters, and most often these creatures rush to hide. But sometimes everything ends badly for the people who tried to establish contact with them.

For the first time, the remains of an underwater city located in the Bermuda Triangle area suggested to scientists the idea of ​​the existence of ancient civilizations under water. Today, there are several such artifacts, quite large-scale in terms of construction volume, in the world’s oceans, and in a variety of areas. In Oceania, Africa, near the South American continent, and more recently, massive foundations made of rectangular stone blocks were discovered even in the Black Sea near Crimea. The ancient megacities are up to half a million years old, that is, the creatures who lived here were the absolute masters of the planet when present-day humanity did not even exist.

Unfortunately, buildings often go so deep that inspection with the help of divers becomes impossible and, of course, the question arises - did they appear when there was land here or were they built under water? In the legends of the peoples inhabiting the islands of Fiji, there are many stories about gods coming from the depths of the sea. These were creatures unlike humans, covered with scales and having several arms at once. According to the same legends, they swam freely and were under water, and when they reached land, the tail fin turned into limbs similar to human ones. Since the peoples of this region have a fairly ancient history, scientists took such evidence very seriously; moreover, during excavations of one of the ancient settlements here, several stones with images carved on them were discovered. Having studied them carefully and carried out carbon analysis, scientists found that they were about five thousand years old, and apparently the ancient people worshiped people from the ocean, and the stones were installed in a place for worship and sacrifices.

This find made it possible to assert that, at least partially, some cities were built directly under water, which means that the prehistoric creatures who lived there had technologies that were significantly ahead of even our current ones. Pearl miners, especially those who have extensive experience and swim to great depths, have more than once descended into ancient ruins in search of something valuable, and each of them can say that they have seen some mysterious creatures that vaguely resemble fairy-tale mermaids. True, according to eyewitnesses, they were in a hurry to hide, but what attracts them to ancient ruins?

Many believe that these are descendants of that very ancient race or one of the races. It was probably they who came out of the water to the ancient Fijians and gave them some knowledge. For example, according to the same legends, they taught how to build boats; before that, the natives had no idea that it was possible to float on the surface of the water. However, as researchers suggest, not only intelligent and possibly safe forms of life may be hiding in the depths. Scary monsters, which are usually depicted in fabulous seascapes, can also move freely underwater. Giant squids or sharks no longer surprise anyone, and the movie “Jaws” has ceased to be science fiction, although half a century ago one could only learn about such giants from books about the prehistoric past of the Earth. Reptiles, huge insects the size of an apartment building, and other creatures that were astonishing in their mass were the absolute masters, or so official science claims.

Was this really the case? The fact that they existed is proven by the skeletons, which are striking in their massiveness, but many researchers are not inclined to think so about the owners. These creatures were a completely natural addition to the fauna of that time, such as dogs and cats today. The real owners of the planet, the same ones who lived or later began to live under water, controlled them well, using telepathic waves. This feature was inherent in all ancient civilizations, from the Hyperboreans to the Atlanteans, which is described in detail in ancient Egyptian sources, as well as the Ramayana and Mahabharata. That is why the ancient gods could not use some kind of artificial aircraft to move around the planet, but with the power of thought they could force a massive animal to carry out the necessary commands.

After the disaster, land creatures died, but those that could live under water went deep into the ocean, where they can still be. The special composition of water at such depths allows not only prehistoric bacteria, but also more complex organisms to exist almost forever, so it is possible that once we go down, we will encounter species that are officially considered extinct. Frequent encounters between fishermen and giant squid, as well as sightings of previously unseen giant sharks near the coast, indicate that prehistoric creatures are rising from the depths for some reason, but why do they do this? What is most concerning is their ability to live in surface waters; they feel quite comfortable here, but where they begin to actively hunt, plankton and small fish disappear.

If we follow the logic, then after sharks and squids we should really see something more ancient, that is, the plot of the Japanese film “Godzilla” will also become a sad reality. It is possible that such cases have already happened, because only military vessels can descend to great depths, and the military tries not to disclose anything unusual that happens there, sending such material behind the thick walls of their archives. Only from fragmentary data from retirees can one sometimes find out that sometimes damage to the hull of submarines remains from contact with unknown creatures, and their nature is not inferior to damage from a large-caliber projectile.

Researchers tend to see the activation of prehistoric giants as the fault of modern man. Which, however, is not surprising, since most of today’s global changes on the planet are happening precisely through his fault. Pollution of the world's oceans, as well as global warming, could not bypass even such depths, and therefore it is possible that due to some chemical changes in the water they are forced to rise to the top. By detecting earthquakes and sea tsunamis that have become more frequent around the world, scientists have come to the conclusion that the mantle layer of the planet began to warm up again, and accordingly, the temperature in the ocean depths rose. All these circumstances once again confirm the absolute helplessness of man in the face of natural disasters. If humanity continues to treat the environment this way, then it is quite possible that it will no longer have to face natural disasters, but a powerful army of monsters and dangerous ancient microorganisms emerging from the depths, and it is not difficult to guess who will be the loser.