About India fairyland library. Lesson on an additional educational program on the topic: "Fairytale land - India
Svetlana Tsarkova
GOAL: Expand children's ideas about nature and human society. Clarify and expand children's knowledge about India. Continue to acquaint children with the globe, form concepts: « countries» , "border", "continents". Continue to learn to name animals of this countries(habits, habitat).
DEMO MATERIAL: presentation « Indian fairy tales» , natural objects6 items of clothing, dishes, musical accompaniment.
Course of the lesson:
caregiver: Guys, today we invite you to journey to fairyland, which is on the globe. And where we will go will have to guess ... Music sounds. (girls dance "hatuba").
Educator: Did you guess what country in question? Children's answers
Educator: Let us tell you about this country full of secrets and magic. own name the country received in honor of the IND river.
SCREEN ATTENTION: SLIDE#3
FLAG: is a rectangular panel of three horizontal stripes of equal width: top - saffron, middle - white and bottom - green. In the center of the flag is an image of a wheel with 24 spokes, dark blue. Orange means spirituality, white means peacefulness, green means fertility, the circle is a religious symbol.
COAT OF ARMS: The coat of arms depicts four Indian lion on a round abacus. The fourth lion is behind and therefore out of sight. The coat of arms symbolizes a nation that is "brave in courage, strong in body, prudent in council and intimidates opponents.
Educator:
Far, far, beyond the seas and forests, beyond the rivers and deserts, there is a high mountain and its name is Everest, this is the highest point on our planet. Imagine that you have climbed this mountain and below you, far, far, below lies a beautiful fairy land india.
India. View from Everest (SLIDE #5).
The children recite the poem.
There is no higher place on earth
Than the top of Everest.
Climb Everest -
And you will see everything around.
You would immediately see
Calicut, Madras and Delhi (SLIDE #6)
City fabulous Bombay
With the dance of poisonous snakes (SLIDE №7,8)
Yogis dancing on coals
Monkeys and tigers in the jungle (SLIDE #9)
Rhino that's like a tank
Moves along the river Ganges.
All the temples are visible from above:
Buddha, Vishnu, Krishnu, Rama (SLIDE #10)
Shiva's third eye is visible.
Panorama - the highest class!
Put a chair on top
And admire from above.
If only the whole picture (SLIDE #11)
Clouds won't cover.
Educator: When they talk about India immediately remembered the great river Ganges (SLIDE-12). The Ganges is one of the deepest and longest rivers in South Asia. The Ganges is considered a sacred river. It is also considered a heavenly river that descended to earth and became the Ganges River.
main city India is considered - Delhi. The city is home to the world-famous Taj Mahal Museum, a monument of love. The museum is considered the 8th wonder of the world.
Educator: AT India the natives are considered vegetarians. (ask children if they know who vegetarians are). This is due to the fact that, first of all, India is very hot, meat and fish quickly deteriorate, and secondly, the use of cow meat is prohibited, because cows are considered India sacred animals and roam the streets freely.
SLIDES-15,16.
Educator: Due to favorable climate India has a great variety of flora and fauna. A huge number of different species of animals, insects, and many types of plants grow here. AT India national parks, reserves, tiger reserves, 200 zoos have been created.
Educator: In the past, the elephant was a symbol of the power and greatness of the rulers countries - maharajas, and now - a hardworking assistant to the peasants. This animal is the hero of many Hindu and Buddhist parables and legends. The best compliment ever indian girl is to tell her that she walks like an elephant.
And now we will introduce you to animals India through riddles.
Riddles about animals India:
Lots of power in it.
He is almost as tall as a house.
He has a huge nose
As if the nose has grown for a thousand years. (Elephant) SLIDE-18
It sits on its hind legs
That goes to four.
And something from branch to branch
Jumps like a runner.
He loves to ride
On big vines.
You probably guessed it (Monkey). SLIDE-19
Majestic, graceful.
Fall it, know, deadly.
Kohl will inflate the hood,
Get out better! (Cobra) SLIDE-20
How big is he
Graceful and smart.
But he does not like different games
Striped menacing. (Tiger) SLIDE-21
Graceful, beautiful, strong and dexterous,
Surrounded by legends for a long time.
Emerald eyes glow brightly
The black dress suits them so well. (Panther) SLIDE-22
TEACHER: And here's another riddle, it's about a boy. Say his name.
The boy grew up in a pack of wolves
He considers himself a wolf
Friends with a bear and a panther,
He is agile and bold. SLIDE-23
TEACHER:
That's right - Mowgli, but you know that the action of this fairy tales happens just in India. Let's remember the heroes of this wonderful story (Children name animals) Well, now you have an idea about the richest animal world Indian jungle.
Educator: And now let's take a closer look at the wonders that are hidden among the tangled streets of old Delhi. See how unusually decorated the street is.
Slide 25. Look, here sits a yogi. (child tells who is a yogi) .
These are people who have dedicated their lives to perfecting the body and spirit. They say, and there is a lot of evidence for this, that an experienced yogi can not only walk barefoot on hot coals or sharp nails, but even fly. Would you like to become a little yogi?
Children with a teacher show exercises.
Belly breathing:
I. Place your hands loosely on your stomach.
2. Inhale slowly and deeply through your nose, sticking out your belly like a balloon.
3. Slowly exhale air through the nose, tensing the abdominal muscles.
Breath "bellows":
I. Place your hands on your chest.
2. Inhale slowly and deeply, expanding the chest.
3. Slowly exhale the air, contracting the chest.
4. Repeat the exercise three times.
bird pose
The birds flew to the sun
And then they sat down on the grass.
Sit down, sit down
They flew into the sky again.
We stand straight, we bend our backs back. Then we lean forward. Legs try not to bend
Pilot Pose
Plane in the blue sky
I am a pilot on an airplane.
Here I turn on full speed, Like an arrow I fly forward!
Balance exercise. We stand up straight. Slowly tilt the body forward, stretch the arms with palms to each other in front of you. We take one of the legs back. We return to the starting position and perform a symmetrical pose.
Lion Pose
There will be a mane, like dad,
And with claws there will be paws.
Lion cub - he's also a cat,
Just a little more...
We sit on our knees, heels under ourselves, putting our hands on our knees. We take a full breath, we retract the tummy. We spread our fingers wide, straighten the arms at the elbows, goggle our eyes, bringing them inward, stick out our tongue and try to reach the chin. Growling: - rrr. Asana strengthens the nasopharynx, makes speech more intelligible. Recommended for children with speech impairment.
tree pose
There is a tree in the field
And an owl flies over the tree. "Uh, uh, uh" He speaks
We get up straight. We imagine that our legs are like the roots of a mighty tree. We take the handles of the foot of one leg and raise it as high as it turns out. We bend the handles at the elbows, connecting the palms together - these are the branches of the tree. We stand in this position for as long as it is pleasant. Then we change the leg.
TEACHER: Look who's sitting in the market square. It's another miracle India! Fakir - lord of snakes!
Sounds slow indian melody and the Fakir comes out to the middle of the carpet (boy dressed in national indian clothes) .
Dance with snake spell. Fakir under the bright, impulsive Indian the melody is trying to tame the snake, which is portrayed by the girls.
APPLAUSE.
TEACHER: Let's look at the male Indian national clothes. The main thing in it is considered a turban. (child's story)
AT India everywhere men wear turbans. It is a long piece of cloth, usually 5 meters long, which is wrapped many times around the head. The turban was originally intended to protect the head from the heat and the sultry sun. To cope with the hot desert climate, this long piece of cloth was soaked in water overnight and then tied around the head in the morning. The many layers of the turban retain moisture throughout the day and so save from the blazing heat.
Sounds like indian melody. Enter girls dressed in indian National costumes.
Indian girl tells
Why indian clothes so unusual? Because it has retained its traditional character and national characteristics. Even being influenced by other cultures, she took all the best. Indian the clothes are very elegant, comfortable and convenient. No matter what, Indians wear it with great pride. Holidays, family celebrations, official ceremonies are the moment when Indians give special preference to traditional national clothes. The saree is one of the most beautiful outfits that are worn. indians. When one imagines Indian woman, the first thing that comes to mind is the sari the woman is wearing.
A sari is a rectangular piece of fabric, usually 5 to 9 meters long, woven from delicate cotton or silk. Plain or with floral patterns, it can be both casual and festive, embroidered with gold threads and sparkles. One thing is certain - the tradition of wearing a sari, which has existed for thousands of years, will never disappear here.
adult indian continues showing your outfit:
- Indian clothing is famous for its color saturation and goodness emanating from it. Clothing for women, such as, for example, saris, emphasizes femininity in them, while men's clothing is comfortable and convenient in hot climates. Indian the outfits are as varied as the whole indian culture. Each village, city, region differs from each other not only in their way of life, language, food, but also in the style of wearing, colors, and the way of draping clothes. There is no strict uniformity here, although a common style is visible.
Educator: Well, guys, all good things come to an end. And our the journey has come to an end. Pay attention to the screen, it shows how the guys and I studied this fairyland.
SLIDE-29, 30.31.
At the end the fakir and the girl Indian invite children to examine and examine the objects that they brought with yourself: dishes, costumes, books. The teacher invites the children to name what certain objects are made of, how they look, why people need them.
India in every way can be considered one of the most interesting countries to travel. Almost all of us in childhood read The Jungle Book written by R. Kipling, so many have formed their own image of India - fabulous and beautiful.
Of course, real life in this country is far from that described in the book, however, the image created in the children's imagination is so strong that it cannot be dispelled even after a hundredth visit to India. Holidays in India
As a rule, to the question, “Is it worth buying tours to India?” - most tourists will answer in the affirmative. And as soon as they are given such an opportunity, they are happy to go to the country of their childhood dreams. Moreover, rarely anyone who has been to India does not dream of going there again. Delhi, Agra, Jaipur, Mumbai, Bombay - as a rule, these destinations are very popular.
So, Jaipur is the capital of the largest Indian state by area. This city is both a large modern metropolis and an ancient city that carefully preserves its history. The best way to see local sights is to walk along the old streets. In addition, Jaipur is a major shopping center, so many people come to this city for the purpose of shopping. Here you can buy unique jewelry with stones, colorful fabrics, ceramics and, of course, the famous Indian tea.
Holidays in Goa
It must be said that most tourists begin to get acquainted with India from its most "non-Indian" state - Goa. This part of the country was once a Portuguese colony, so local traditions, architecture and even language have significant differences from the rest of the territory, which was a colony of Britain. Today, tours to Goa are very popular due to the picturesque nature of the island, magnificent beaches and the special atmosphere of goodwill and freedom that prevails in local resorts.
Conventionally, the resort area is divided into two parts. Respectable hotels are concentrated in the north of the state, where respectable guests rest. The southern part is more democratic, there are many inexpensive bars and restaurants. In addition, there are special beaches where those who come to relax "savage" can pitch tents. As a rule, youth companies prefer holidays in the south of the state. Here it is customary to have fun until the morning at discos and various parties.
India is a fairy tale country, a mystery country, a magnet country, the cradle of civilization and humanity.
Throughout the ages, India has attracted travelers with its bright colors and flavor of life, history and various architectural monuments of past centuries.
So she beckoned us so much that we had to make an incredibly difficult and bright journey through her vast expanses.
We visited many cities, villages, countless palaces, temples, tombs, fortresses, museums, and also swam and sunbathed in Goa.
There is a country on earth - an eternal mystery!
And just the desire to understand it is not enough.
There are miracles, there is a true story, there is a fairy tale,
It can only be sincerely accepted!
Everything is harmonious, deep and dignified,
There is inspiration of life in every stone and flower!
You feel comfortable and calm there.
And there is no place for sadness and longing!
Here is a beautiful poem I found about India. Of course, one cannot agree with every line of his.
Far from all corners of the vast country you feel comfortable and calm.
And the words "there is no place for sadness and melancholy" are completely wrong.
India has the largest number of illiterate people, more than half of them.
India is a monstrously dirty country. You can see heaps of rubbish all around.
In India, They live in very poor conditions, the children are starving and begging.
The rivers are polluted, many diseases arise from this ...
The country has to solve a huge number of problems. We wish her success in this.
Tourism is an important branch of the Indian economy.
Every year more and more foreign tourists visit India.
Indians are a positive, sociable and smiling people.
They sincerely know how to enjoy the sun, people, nature and a piece of ordinary bread.
Exotics there ... more than enough.
Indians enjoy taking pictures.
I would like to give some advice. Grab a pack of shoe covers from home, as well as warm socks. Shoes are not allowed to enter temples.
The most important law is not to drink tap water. Even brushing your teeth is better with drinking water.
Also be sure to bring a few rolls of toilet paper with you. In India, it is only in hotels. In the rest, even the most visited places, you will not see it.
Before you climb on an elephant, camel or somewhere else, precisely negotiate the price, when paying at the end of the voyage, be adamant, no matter how the owners of exotic vehicles whine.
India can be compared to a coin that has lain in the ground for a long time. And it depends only on you whether you see dirt on it or gold behind the dirt. We saw gold!
Impressions over the edge! You have to come to your senses a little before proceeding with the stories.
And to start the stories, I think, should be with the monkeys. After all, they are the symbol of this year.
All photos are own.
- What were the distinguishing features of Indian and Chinese society?
§ 26.1. India - a land of fabulous wealth
In fairy tales and legends, India was portrayed as a country of untold riches, and foreigners who found themselves in the country were convinced of this. The main sources of India's wealth were its nature, favorable for the development of agriculture, and the tireless work of farmers and artisans. The peasants, reclaiming the land from the jungle and irrigating it, twice a year received high yields of cereals, spices, and fruits.
The country was rich in minerals, including precious stones. The artisans of India were distinguished by their craftsmanship, they were able to make fabrics as thin as cobwebs. There was a brisk trade in the cities, there were always many foreign merchants. In the 15th century, the Russian merchant Afanasy Nikitin visited India; his description of his journey is a valuable source on the history of the country.
Mother and child. Sculpture VIII-IX centuries.
Protected from almost all sides by the sea, the jungle and the highest mountains in the world - the Himalayas, India was relatively accessible only from the northwest.
The main land trade routes passed in this direction, and enemies attacked from here.
In the 5th-6th centuries, nomadic invasions destroyed the powerful state of the Guptas. After that, India remained fragmented for a long time. The emerging states headed by princes - rajas fought with each other, sometimes strengthened, but quickly disintegrated. All this did not affect the lives of ordinary people so much. This was partly due to the special role of the community. In India, it was often distinguished by its large size and complex structure, uniting the inhabitants of an entire region. Communities built and repaired irrigation canals, organized the life of their members, and, if necessary, self-defense.
Dancing Shiva. Statuette XII-XIII centuries.
Since ancient times, Indian society has been divided into four varnas: Brahmin priests, warriors, farmers (together with artisans and merchants) and dependent people - "servants". Outside this division were "untouchables".
Later, a more fractional division into castes appeared, and often for Indians it was more important to belong to a caste than to Varna. A caste was any group of people engaged in one type of activity and separating themselves from other castes. Membership in a caste was inherited, usually its members entered into marriages with each other.
Temple of the Sun God in Konark. Fragment. 13th century
Some castes arose as a result of the allocation of new professions, others - in the course of accession to various Indian states of formerly independent tribes. Together, the castes formed a complex hierarchical structure. Their number changed. Now there are at least three thousand castes in India.
As a rule, wealth corresponded to a high caste position, and poverty corresponded to a low one. The caste system affirmed the "naturalness" of inequality and the necessity of castes for each other.
In the course of their conquests, the Arabs conquered the northern part of India. At the beginning of the 13th century, a Muslim state arose here with its capital in Delhi - the Delhi Sultanate. The sultans subjugated most of India to their power. In the middle of the XIII century, the Mongols attacked the sultanate more than once, but they could not capture it. However, at the end of the 14th century, the new conqueror, Timur, ravaged Delhi, killed and took hundreds of thousands of people into captivity. As a result, the country was fragmented. The Sultanate now included only the territory around Delhi, and in 1526 was captured by conquerors who invaded from the north.
LESSON #8.
Subject: Fairyland India.
Target: introducing schoolchildren to Indian culture, through acquaintance with mythology, religion and art of the people.
Tasks:
to acquaint students with the culture of the peoples of India, with their customs and traditions;
to acquaint students with the features of the national Indian costume, with Indian architecture;
to introduce students to the ancient beliefs and myths of India;
form an aesthetic perception of the world.
Equipment: presentation.
Conduct forms:
The teacher's story with elements of conversation.
Viewing a presentation.
Form of control: survey, control exercises
STUDY PROCEDURE:
I . Introduction. (1 slide)
1. Today we will start a lesson where you will get acquainted with the "Fairytale Land of India", with its culture, traditions and customs of the people. At the time of the lesson, we will remember the rules of communication that we will follow:
1. Voluntary participation.
2. Acceptance of yourself and your communication partner.
3. Goodwill.
4. Here and now.
5. I think...
Do you want to add something else to the rules or change them?
2. Ritual of greeting " Circle conversation ».
Children and teacher sit in a circle. The teacher starts the sentence, and the children take turns, without interrupting each other, to complete it. For example: “What I like most about myself….”, “I would like to become…”, “My favorite game…”, “Most of all I am afraid….”, “Someday I hope…”.
II . Main part.
1. Ancient beliefs and myths of India.
(2 slide)
Ancient Indian civilization is one of the most ancient and original civilizations of the East. The history of this country dates back thousands of years.
India is located on the Hindustan Peninsula, washed by the waters of the Indian Ocean, the Arabian Sea and the Bay of Bengal.
(3 slide)
Religions of Ancient India.
The thousand-year-old cultural tradition of India has developed in close connection with the development of the religious ideas of its people. The main religious trend was Hinduism (more than 80% of the population of India now follows it). The roots of this religion go back to ancient times.
(4 slide)
Hinduism.
In Hinduism, the creator god comes to the fore, a strict hierarchy of gods is established.
Trimurti (Trinity):
1. Brahma is the “priest”, the ruler and creator of the world, he owned the establishment of social laws (tharms) on earth, the division into true ones, he is the punisher of infidels and sinners.
2. Vishnu is the guardian god, the guardian of the universe.
3. Shiva - God - the destroyer of the Universe (a kind protector and a formidable god - living on the battlefields and at funeral pyres).
(5 slide)
Brahma is portrayed: the skin is crimson, he is dressed in a red robe. Brahma has 4 heads, hands and faces. Four hands represent all directions of the world. In addition, the hands represent Intelligence, Reason, Ego and Self-Confidence; He does not hold a weapon, like many other deities of the Hindu pantheon. He sits on a Lotus or in a chariot drawn by seven swans. In one right hand he holds a rosary (akshamala), in the other - a vessel of water (kamandalu).
Vishnu is depicted: in the form of a man with a dark blue face, with four arms: in one of them he holds a gada (rod), symbolizing knowledge, in the other - a shankha (shell), a symbol of the origin of life, emitting a sound that gave birth to the world. In the third hand of Vishnu is the Sudarshan Chakra (disk), which, when he uses it as a weapon, returns to him, hitting the target, as well as the symbol of the Universal Mind, one and perfect, capable of destroying any manifestation of ignorance. In the fourth hand of Vishnu is a lotus. On the chest of Vishnu - Kaustabha - a diamond, which is the consciousness contained in everything that sparkles and burns: in the sun, moon and fire.
Shiva is portrayed: Usually Shiva is depicted with a vahana ("vehicle" - the Nandi bull) at his feet, a cobra (Vasuki Serpent) around his neck and a trident in his hand.
(6 slide)
India is an original and original country, rich in ancient customs. It will be interesting and useful for a traveler who came here for the first time to learn some interesting traditions of India. In this country, their observance is very reverent, they are passed on from generation to generation, and ignorance or violation of any tradition can even be regarded as a crime.
(7 slide)
Indian manners and customs.
Since the majority of the population preaches Hinduism, most of the national traditions of India are associated with the laws of this religion:
The left hand is considered "unclean". For example, a Hindu will never take money from you if you hold it out to him with your left hand.
The Indians also do not respect the legs and consider them to be a dirty part of the body. Even feet turned in the direction of a specific person are considered an insult.
Violation of physical space, touching a person is considered a personal insult. Avoid handshakes and pats on the shoulder and back. If you want to say hello to a Hindu, just raise your palms to your chin and shake your head in the direction of the greeting.
(8 slide)
An unusual tradition in India is the cult of the cow. It is considered a sacred animal, it cannot be offended, beaten, and eating beef is equated with a mortal sin. This is why cows in India just roam the streets and avenues, creating huge traffic jams from cars waiting for the animal to leave the roadway.
Therefore, if you happen to run into a cow, then the consequences can be the most unpleasant, for this they can even be put in jail. Animals, which are revered by all Hindus without exception, it is better not to touch at all.
(9 slide)
The most famous and important festival in India is Diwali. It takes 5 days, during which time all the cities, towns and streets of the country are lit up with lights, the luminous country can be seen even from space at this time. There is a national tradition in India that this festival is held in honor of the victory of good over evil. As a sign of this, every inhabitant of the country should go out into the street with a lantern or a luminous lamp and join the procession through the streets.
(10 slide)
Mehendi is an unusual tradition in India. This is one of the traditional wedding ceremonies in the country. On the eve of the ceremony, the bride's hands are painted with henna. An intricate symbolic pattern is skillfully applied to the outer and inner sides of the palms, which from the side can be mistaken for a tattoo or lace gloves. The rest of the henna from the procedure should be buried in the ground. The traditions of India say that in this way a strong indestructible marriage is guaranteed for many years.
(11 slide)
Indian women marry early. The main signs of a married woman are a ring on the middle toe, an earring in her nose and the location of a point in the middle of her forehead, and not between the eyebrows, as before marriage. The traditional color of the bride's attire is red, symbolizing prosperity, good luck and fertility. Modern Indian women often choose other colors for their outfit: purple, dark yellow, blue or pink.
Indian women don't like the free-spirited way of communicating between men and women in the West, so you should avoid physical contact such as shaking hands if you're a woman. Do not shake hands with a woman (unless she is the first to extend it) and do not put your hand on the shoulder of a woman or a man.
(12 slide)
It is considered disrespectful to wear long or medium-length hair loose, so Indian women collect their hair in a bun or braid.
Also, many Indians can see a dot on their forehead.It is called bindi, which translates as "point", "droplet". And in Hindi it is “full moon”, “full moon”. No one knows exactly why they began to put this point. However, according to Tantrism, it is considered that in this place there is a “third eye”, symbolizing “hidden wisdom”. It is said that bindi saves from the "evil eye" and evil ailment. The point is applied between the eyebrows. It is believed that it is there that the “sixth chakra” is located, in which all life experience is concentrated.
(13 slide)
Monkeys living in temples dedicated to them are especially revered here. Animals are fed with pleasure by both Indians and tourists, and sometimes the monkeys themselves pester strangers, pull their clothes and stretch out their paws - in a word, they behave like real beggars.
Once in the environment of these tomboys, it is better to give them something to eat, otherwise they may bite. There are so many monkeys in the famous Palace of the Winds in Jaipur that Hindus do not advise tourists to visit it, as the animals there are aggressive towards people.
(14 slide)
Burial in India.
Hindus profess giving the body to fire after death, followed by scattering the ashes over the waters of the Ganges.
(15 slide)
Myth- This is an ancient folk tale about legendary heroes, gods, natural phenomena.
Myths selected, accumulated, classified and preserved the richest knowledge and observations accumulated over many centuries by previous generations. Myths explained how the world surrounding a person, and the person himself, works. Myths indicated how a person should go through his life path, placing milestones on it that helped him not to stray from him, and described what awaits him after death. Myths were a special form of memory that helped the collective store the knowledge it needed and pass it on from generation to generation.
(16 slide)
Each nation has its own legend of the origin of the world. You all know the story of Adam and Eve. Listen to the Indian version of the origin of the world.
The myth is about what was in the beginning.
In the beginning there was neither being nor non-being. There was no air space, no sky above it. There was neither death nor immortality. There was no day or night. But there was something that breathed without disturbing the air. And there was nothing but him. The world was covered in darkness. Everything was an indistinguishable abyss, an emptiness generated by the power of heat. Desire came first, the seed of thought. Then the gods appeared. But did they create the world? Where did this creation come from? Did it create itself? The overseer of the world in the world that has left may or may not know about it.
The waters arose before all other creations. They created fire. The Golden Egg was born in them by fire. It is not known how many years it floated in the boundless and bottomless ocean.
(17 slide) From the Golden Embryo in the egg, the Progenitor Brahma arose. He cracked the egg. The upper part of the shell became the sky, the lower part became the earth, and between them Brahma placed the air space. On the earth floating among the waters, he determined the countries of the world, laid the beginning of time. This is how the universe was created.
Looking around, Brahma saw that he was alone. And he became afraid. Therefore, by the power of thought, he begot from his eyes, his mouth, the right and left ears, from the nostrils of six sons. From them came gods, demons, people, birds and snakes, giants and monsters, priests and cows and many other creatures inhabiting all three worlds.
(18 slide)
When Brahma created the sky, and the earth, and the airspace, and all living beings in the universe went from his sons, he himself, tired of creation, retired, and handed over power over the worlds to his descendants - the gods and asuras.
Asuras were the elder brothers of the gods. They were powerful and wise and knew the secrets of magic - the Maya, they could take on various images or become invisible. They owned innumerable treasures, which they kept in their strongholds in mountain caves. And they had three fortified cities, first in heaven, then on earth: one of iron, another of silver, the third of gold; afterwards they united these three cities into one, towering above the earth; and they built themselves cities in the underworld.
Having transferred power to the gods and demons, Brahma went to rest in the shade, under the branches of a mulberry tree. Brahma's rest, his "day", will last for billions of years, until the "night of Brahma" comes and the world he created again becomes a huge mass of water, which will have to wait in the wings, the birth of a new world egg and the appearance of a new creator of Brahma.
What new did you learn from this myth?
2. Game "Stork and Frog".
This Indian game can be played by 4 or more people. To do this, you need to draw on the asphalt (drawing paper) a large lake with bays, islands and capes. Players choose one leader - "stork", and the rest of all players become "frogs".
Rules of the game The "frogs" are sitting in the "water", not having the right to get out on the "land".
The "stork" must walk along the shore and try to catch the "frog". "Stork" has the right to jump from "island" to "island", but cannot enter the "water". The last "frog" caught becomes the "stork".
3. Indian national costume. (19 slide)
(20 slide)
Indian clothing has a great variety of colors and materials. The color code depends on religious and ritual justifications. For example, among Hindus, wearing white clothes is a sign of mourning, while among Parsis and Christians, clothes of this color are usually worn for a wedding.
(21 slides)
Traditional clothes.
Sariis a long, unsewn fabric that can be 4-9 meters long, allowing it to wrap the entire body in any style. There are various traditional types of saris. A common style for all saris is wrapping around the waist, after which one end covers the shoulder. The sari is usually worn over an underskirt. The blouse can be low-cut or be in the form of a blouse with straps. There are many saris with lots of embellishments such as embroidery and mirrors. These sarees are worn on special occasions.
(22 slide)
Gagra choli or lehenga choli.
Lehenga is a form of long skirt that has pleats. Usually the lehenga is decorated or has large stripes at the bottom. A choli is a blouse, usually hidden, that is close to the body and has short sleeves and a deep neckline.
Women wear different styles of gagra choli, ranging from simple cotton lehenga choli as casual wear to traditional gagra with mirror embellishments.
(23 slide)
Salwar kameez.
Salwar kameez consists of wide trousers (salwar), which are narrowed at the ankles and a tunic (kameez). The salwar kameez was always worn with a scarf called a dupatta covering the head and chest. The material for the dupatta usually depends on the costume and is usually cotton, georgette, silk and chiffon. This dress is worn by almost every teenage girl instead of Western clothing.
(24 slide)
Men's clothing.
Dhoti is a six-foot white cotton sheet. This traditional attire is mainly worn by men in the villages. The dhoti is held in place by a sash around the waist, which can be either ornamented or patterned or simple. Men wear shirts over the dhoti.
(25 slide)
Shervani- This is a long jacket that fastens with buttons. Its length usually reaches the knees, but sometimes it can reach the calves. This jacket has a collar that is not rolled up like a normal one. Shervanis are worn with tight pants or trousers called "churidar". Churidar are trousers that are loose around the hips, but already tight around the ankles. Shervani is usually worn by grooms for the wedding ceremony.
4. Fairytale Indian architecture.
(26 slide)
Taj Mahal.
The Taj Mahal is considered the finest example of architecture that combines elements of Persian, Indian and Islamic architectural styles. In 1983, the Taj Mahal was named an object : "the pearl of Muslim art in India, one of the universally recognized masterpieces of the heritage, which is admired throughout the world."
Although the mausoleum's white marble dome is the most prominent component, the Taj Mahal is a structurally integrated complex. The building began to be built around 1632 and completed in 1653, employing 20,000 artisans and craftsmen. The management of the construction of the Taj Mahal was entrusted to the Council of Architects under imperial control.
Inside the mausoleum there are two tombs - the shah and his wife. In fact, their burial place is in the same place as the tombs, but underground. The time of construction refers to approximately 1630-1652. The Taj Mahal is a five-domed structure 74 m high on a platform, with 4 minarets at the corners (they are slightly tilted away from the tomb so as not to damage it in case of destruction), which is adjacent to a garden with fountains and a pool.
The walls are lined with polished translucent (brought to the construction site 300 km away) with gem inlay. Were used , , , etc. Marble has such a feature that in bright daylight it looks white, pink at dawn, and silvery on a moonlit night.
(27 slide)
The Kallanay Dam is considered to be the oldest hydraulic structure still in use today.
May heaven help keep the dam alive and well for so long. Not far from the dam, the Kaveri merges with another river, the Bhavani. And at the place of their intersection rises the temple of Sangameswarar. It is one of the most important pilgrimage sites in South India.
Further, the river again splits into two branches. And between these arms is a delta leading to the Bay of Bengal. This is, in its way, a very interesting place in India - irrigation facilities were built there more than 2000 years ago.
Callanay is a huge structure of unhewn stone: 329 meters long and 20 meters wide.
The purpose of the dam is to irrigate the fields. This whole undertaking as a whole makes the region very fertile.
The Kaveri Dam has served as a role model for the construction of new, young dams for many years. Although, of course, it could not do without repairs and modernization, it is still in excellent condition and will still serve.
The area of land that it irrigates is 4,000 square kilometers.
(28 slide)
Marble has been mined in the mountains for a long time, so marble buildings are not uncommon here. Jag-nivas is lined with former marble, the most precious, slightly changing color depending on the time of day. Jag Niwas is often included in the lists of the most spectacular species, not only in India, but throughout the world.
It was built in 1754 under Jagat Singh II, and Jag Niwas has long served as the summer residence of the monarchs. Solemn feasts and receptions were held here. The palace faces the east with its facade - so its inhabitants could greet the rising sun in the morning, revered as a god.
(29 slide) Jag Niwas dips his walls everywhere right into the water of Lake Pichola, and this is his main feature. Inside, marble walls hide many patios, fountains, artificial lakes with artificial islands.
And the only way to get to it is by boat.
(30 slide)
Vitthala Temple Musical Temple.
It demonstrates the amazing imagination of old architects. The inner halls of the temple are decorated with figures of musicians, dancers - this is not uncommon for the temples of India. But Vittala temple not only depicts music - it also sounds. The columns at the entrance and in the inner halls are made up of thin minicolumns-tubes surrounding the main column. There are seven of them on each column, and this is no coincidence - this peculiar instrument can play all seven notes.
Sound can be produced by light blows on the columns. In addition, the wind, walking in front of the temple, sings its own song among the gallery of columns of the music hall.
(31 slides) The temple is dedicated to the deity - Vishnu. For some reason, its central hall is devoid of the traditional divine figure, while others are richly decorated with figures of deities, idols, and mythological monsters. One of the halls is called the "Hall of a Hundred Columns", in the other, marriage ceremonies were held. It is assumed that earlier both the temple and the stone chariot located in front of it were painted with paints exclusively on a mineral basis. The remains of the painting have been preserved in some places in the temple and on those surfaces of the chariot that are protected from the effects of rain and wind.
5. Survey.
Religious movement in India.Answer: Hinduism.
God is the ruler and creator of the world.Answer: Brahma.
Who are Vishnu and Shiva?Answer: God is the protector and God is the destroyer.
Which hand is considered "unclean" in India?Answer: left.
How do Indians greet?Answer: raise your palms to your chin and shake your head in the direction of the welcome.
Name a sacred animal in India.Answer: cow.
What is the most famous and important festival of India? Answer: Diwali
What does the dot on the forehead mean?Answer: it is believed that in this place there is a “third eye”, symbolizing “hidden wisdom”.
What is a Sari?Answer: traditional clothing in India.
What is Shervani?Answer: men's clothing for the wedding ceremony.
Why is Vitthala Temple called the Music Temple?Answer: the inner halls of the temple are decorated with figures of musicians, dancers, and the temple itself sounds.
III . Conclusion.
Lesson analysis.
Our lesson has come to an end.
Look at the colors that we have in our hall and choose the color of your mood.
What was new for you in class?
What was already known?
What would you like to change?
To conclude our lesson, let's say goodbye in Indian.
See youPhir milege
Goodbye
Namaste, Alvida!
Thanks a lot!
Sub kuch ke lie dhanyavad!
Well done! this lesson ends.
