Mountains of South Korea. Mountains of Korea Mountain in South Korea Crossword 7

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The Central Region of South Korea (see South Korea) covers the provinces of North and South Chungcheong. This is the land of flooded rice fields, located among the mountains and hills. Daejeon is one of the main cities in the region, located two hours from Seoul. IN… … Geographic Encyclopedia

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- (see South Korea) includes the provinces of North and South Jeolla and the city of Gwangju. The breadbasket of Korea, the Southwest is famous for flooded rice fields that gently slope down to the coast, indented with numerous small bays. On the way from Seoul... ... Geographic Encyclopedia

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• South Korea. Guide with a map, Ni Natalia, Volkova Alexandra. The author of the guide, Natalia Ni, Ph.D. in Philology, a well-known specialist in the field of Korean culture and literature, thoroughly reworked the entire book. South Korea is very...

Despite the fact that South Korea is not one of the famous mountainous countries, part of the East Korean Mountains passes through the territory, some peaks of which have a height of more than 1.5 km above sea level, and mountain ranges occupy about 70% of the territory.

The state is located on the Korean Peninsula, its southern and western parts are occupied by lowlands and plains, in which most of the population lives. The highest peaks in South Korea are the mountains of Hallasan, Chirisam and Seoraksan.

Relief of South Korea

The territory of the Republic of Korea is ¾ covered with mountain ranges, which at one time had a significant impact on the development of the economy, economy, industry and culture. Approximately half of the land areas of the country are located at an altitude of more than 500 meters above sea level, about 25% - above 1 km. A similar part of the territories is occupied by lowlands, river valleys and hilly plains.

By general character, the country is divided into three parts differing in relief: the West Korean Plain, the East Korean and North Korean mountains. The latter border on the western and eastern coasts, in the south - on the Chhugaryon ridge, and in the north - on the valleys of the Tumangan and Amnokkan rivers.

(Seoraksan National Park, near the city of Sokcho in South Korea)

The North Korean mountains are made up of the Pujollyeon, Nannim, Hamgyong, and Macheollen ranges. The Hamgyong Ridge stretches for 400 km along the Sea of ​​Japan, rising in its northeastern part to heights of more than 2300 meters.

Despite the impressive mountainousness, the South Korean territories are geologically stable, unlike the North Korean and Japanese ones. The existing volcanoes here are in a dormant state, and strong earthquakes are extremely rare.

Halassan

(Halassan volcano crater)

This extinct volcano is the highest point in South Korea. It is located in an area declared a national park in the center of Jeju Island. In Korean culture, the mountain and the island are often completely identified. The main attraction is the Gwaneumsa Buddhist temple, built in the era of the Koryo dynasty, restored in the last century. The hollow of the extinct crater is filled with water from Pannoktam Lake. Its depth at the end of a rainy summer can reach 100 meters, and its width - 2 kilometers. In 2007, the park, along with the volcano, were included in the UNESCO World Heritage List.

This mountain is located near the city of Daegu, the fourth largest in the republic. Its highest point is located at 1193 meters. Phalgongsan is a treasure trove of natural and cultural attractions. There are Buddhist temples built during the Silla Kingdom, including the active Grotto of the Three Buddhas and the Dongwasa Temple (Temple of the Flowering of the Adam Tree). An important local attraction is also the Kathbawi Medicine Buddha statue made of stone.

Deogyusan is one of the largest mountains in Korea, reaching a height of 1507 meters above sea level. Several mountain ranges depart from the top, creating a picturesque landscape with gorges up to 400 m deep, waterfalls, pine forests, rocks. Currently, Togyusan is recognized as a national park and serves as an interesting object of study for biologists.

Mount Bukhansan

This mountain has a height of only 836 meters and is located in the north of the South Korean capital. Bukhansan is well visible from almost any part of the city. Since 1983, it has belonged to the territory of the national park adjacent to Seoul. Bukhansan is an important attraction for local and foreign tourists. Every year it is visited by about 5 million climbers and wildlife enthusiasts.

Seoraksan Mountains

Seoraksan is a mountain range located in South Korea's eastern province of Gangwon-do. They are part of the Taebaeksan Range and are located within the Seoraksan National Park. The largest peak - Taecheonbong - has a height of 1708 meters above sea level. The main tourist attraction is the Ulsanbawi rock formation, which is home to two Buddhist temples.

Anyone who has flown to Seoul by plane (otherwise it would not have been possible to get here in recent decades) is well aware that Korea is a mountainous country. While the aircraft is descending, ridges and individual mountains pass under the wing, between which valleys and small pieces of fields are occasionally visible. This impression is not deceptive: indeed, about 70% of the entire territory of Korea is above 200 m above sea level.

True, the Korean mountains themselves are not too high. It is curious that the two main peaks of the peninsula are located on its two opposite extremities. In the far north, right on the border between the DPRK and China, there is Mount Baektusan (height 2744 m), and on the beautiful island of Jejudo, which is located between Korea and Japan, the country's second highest mountain rises - Hallasan (height 1950 meters). As our readers may have already guessed, the word "san", which occurs in both names, in Korean means "mountain" (like many other Korean words, this is an old borrowing from Chinese). Both Baekdusan and Hallasan are extinct volcanoes, both of which have erupted in historical times. The last eruption of Hallasan was recorded in the annals under 1007, and Paektusan - under 1702. However, both eruptions were very minor, so that the villages located at the foot of both main peaks of Korea are hardly threatened by the fate of Pompeii.

When you look at the map, you can see that the main mountain ranges run along the eastern coast of the country. A low (from one and a half to two thousand meters), but a steep mountain range stretches along the seashore, part of which are the Seoraksan Mountains in the southern part of the country, and the Myohyangsan Mountains, famous for their beauty, in the north. This ridge drops steeply into the ocean. Along the west coast, on the contrary, there is a plain, on which the capitals of both Korean states - Seoul and Pyongyang - are located. In South Korea, it is on this plain, which stretches in a narrow strip from Seoul to the south, that almost all the major cities of the country are concentrated. However, the term "plain" is not entirely accurate: there are simply more relatively flat areas in this part of Korea. The same Seoul is, in fact, in the mountains, and city blocks are crowded in deep gorges, separated by very solid ridges.

The slopes of the Korean mountains are steep, the mountains themselves are cut by deep gorges and covered with forest, so living in the mountains is not so easy. It is difficult to even just walk on them - the steepness of the slopes, the forest, and the thorny undergrowth interfere. Since ancient times, mountains have played the same role as in Russia - impenetrable forests. Hermits went to the mountains, bandits hid there, partisans set up their camps, monks built sketes. It is no coincidence that most of the famous Korean monasteries are still located in the mountains of Seoraksan - it was there, among the peaks and gorges, behind steep passes, on the banks of clean and cold mountain rivers, monks have long settled, seeking to hide from worldly bustle and meditate on the futility of all things.

In our time, the mountains began to play a new role - the role of nature reserves, which are so necessary in densely populated Korea. Of the twenty Korean national parks (that is, in our understanding, nature reserves), sixteen are located precisely in the mountains, and four are on the islands. In Korea, it is simply impossible to set up a nature reserve on a plain; flat land is too valuable here, suitable for farming or for building. In addition, all the flatlands have long since been turned into fields and orchards, so that the forests that once covered them were destroyed centuries ago. Forests and wildlife were preserved only in the mountains - sometimes, very close to large cities. Just half a century ago, in 1946, the last documented encounter with a tiger took place in the same mountains of Seoraksan.

Koreans are a nation of fishermen and highlanders, and you can see this by going to one of the famous peaks on the weekends. Favorite Korean pastime is mountain walks. It is impossible to call them mountaineering in the exact sense of the word, because the heights to which the athletes climb are not so great, at most - one and a half thousand meters. It should be noted that there are practically no parks in the Russian sense in Korean cities, and even in the most modern areas, the designers of which tried to follow Western models, you can see small public gardens at best. Therefore, hiking in the mountains, which has long been an integral part of the Korean and, more broadly, the Far Eastern cultural tradition, remains the most accessible way for the city dweller to communicate with nature.

On Sunday, almost all the peaks located within a few hours of driving from Seoul become a place of pilgrimage. Those who cannot leave Seoul due to employment rush to the mountain ranges located in the city itself or on its outskirts. Among these climbers you can see both a seventy-year-old man and a mother, who, having tied her daughter more tightly to her back, carefully climbs up an almost sheer wall (an older son, 11-12 years old, can crawl behind her). Passion for mountain walks is perhaps the most massive sports passion of modern Koreans. According to Korean climbers, 5-6 million people systematically go for mountain walks, of which about 10,000 can be considered professional rock climbers.

So go to the mountains!

Therefore, they are visited with pleasure by both locals and tourists.

Mountains in Korea are called the word "san", which is added to the name of each rock. The highest slopes are extinct volcanoes. Their last eruptions occurred in the Middle Ages, however, they did not cause much damage.

The main mountain ranges run along the eastern coast of the country. They are famous for their picturesque beauty, rare plants and animals. In the western part of Korea, the rocks are dotted with deep gorges and covered with dense forest, while in the south there are numerous temples. Almost all the ridges have safe tourist routes.

Locals go to the mountains every weekend to meet the sunrise or sunset, relax or meditate. If they do not have the opportunity to go out of town, then they conquer the highest points within the settlements - there are such mountains in Korea. According to experts, about 10 thousand local residents are professional climbers and about 6 million people are amateurs.

Popular mountains of South Korea

The country has a huge number of ridges that travelers can visit. The most famous rocks are:

1. - the mountain is located in the province of Chungcheongbuk-do in the northeast of the state. Its height is 630 m. The rock is famous for a beautiful garden where exotic flowers grow, and a sad legend about a family of giants, when a brother first killed his sister, and then, realizing his mistake, and himself.


2. - the mountain has a height of 1094 m, is the main peak of the Seobeksan ridge and divides 2 provinces: Gyeongsangbuk-do and Chungcheong-buk-do. On the slopes there are ancient Buddhist monasteries and a national park.


3. - located in the province of Gyeonggi-do between the cities of Dongducheon and Pyeongcheon in the northwestern part of the Republic of Korea. The height of the mountain is 737 m above sea level. You can drive here from the capital in 2 hours.


4. is one of the highest mountains in South Korea. In terms of size, it takes the 2nd place, its peak reaches 1915 m. The rock is located in the south of the country and is part of the national park of the same name. There are 7 Buddhist temples here, which are architectural monuments.


5. - located in the province of Gangwon-do, not far from and belongs to the Taebaeksan ridge. It has a height of 1708 m and ranks third in size in the country. There is a nature reserve, 2 waterfalls Piren and Yuktam, a Buddhist stone and Hyndylbawi - this is a famous spherical stone standing on another boulder. Their total size exceeds 5 m.


6. - this massif belongs to the southwestern part of the East China mountain range. It is considered the main watershed in the state. Its maximum height is 1594 m, and the total length is 300 km. Mixed, evergreen and deciduous forests grow here. Deposits of gold and molybdenum were discovered in this area.


7. - is located in the southwestern part of Korea and lies on the periphery of the Taebaeksan ridge. The rock reaches 1193 m in height. Here you can see several cultural and historical ones, for example, the ancient temples of the Silla era: Grotto of the 3 Buddhas and Donghwasa. They are included in the list of national treasures under number 109.


8. - located in the province of Gyeongsangnam-do, not far from. The name of the ridge is translated as "mountain of the dancing crane". This name was given because of the silhouette of the rock, reminiscent of a bird that is preparing to take off. The highest point reaches 761 m. There are 2 tourist routes 9 and 7.5 km long.


9. - located in the province of Chungcheongnam-do on the border of 3 cities:, Kerena and. Local residents consider the mountain sacred and believe that its territory is saturated with qi energies. Military bases are located on some slopes, and the rest are included in the National Park of the same name.


10. - located in the province of Gyeongsangnam-do and has a height of 1430 m. The entire territory of the mountain belongs to the protected area, which was organized in 1972. Here is located the world-famous, where the archive of ancient records of the Tripitaka Koreana is stored. They were carved into 80,000 wooden tablets and are National Treasure #32.


11. - located in the province of Hwanghae-buk-to on the border of the counties of Pyeongsan and Rinsan. The height of the rock is 818 m above sea level. On the territory of the ridge in 1959 a reserve was created, the area of ​​​​which is 3440 hectares. A rare species of woodpecker lives here.


12. - This is the highest point in South Korea, its peak reaches 1950 m. The volcano is declared a National Park and included in the UNESCO World Heritage List. The rock also belongs to the natural heritage of the country and takes 182nd place.


13. - is located in the northern part of the city of Busan, occupies the administrative quarter of Pukku and the municipal district of Dongnegu. The highest peak of the mountain is called Knodanbon and is at a level of 801.5 m. This is the most visited natural attraction in the village by tourists. There is a cable car that will take passengers to the secluded area of ​​​​Sanson Mayll. In the village you can get acquainted with the life of the natives and their way of life.


14. - a mountain range located in the northern part and having a height of 836.5 m. The top is crowned with smooth slopes. In 1983, a nature reserve of the same name was opened on this territory. Flora and fauna are represented by 1300 species of animals and plants. More than 100 hiking trails have been laid here that lead to Buddhist temples and the ancient fortress wall.


15. - the mountain is located in the province of Gyeonggi-do on the border of 3 cities: Seoul, Uyeongbu and Yangtze. Its maximum height is 739.5 m above sea level. This massif is famous for its rock formations (such as Yubong, Seoningbong and Manjangbong), Uyama peaks and scenic valleys (Songchu, Donong, Yeongeoheion, etc.). More than 40 tourist routes have been laid here. The most famous of them is the Bakwi trail, which passes through the oldest temple in the region - Chonchuksa. You can get here on your own in public.