Crimea is antique. Ancient cities of Crimea
The first graying on the territory of modern Crimea appeared in the prehistoric period, as evidenced by numerous excavations. The peninsula, located at the intersection of sea routes, has always been of interest to various peoples.
Crimea at different times became a colony of the ancient Greek civilization, nomadic peoples settled on the territory, the power changed several times. The names of the territory of the peninsula also changed.
What was the name of the territory in the Antique period?
To answer the question what was the name of Crimea, it is necessary to refer to the history of the peninsula from the most ancient times. According to ancient sources in the first millennium BC. Taurus lived here, hence the first name - Tavrida(or modified variants with the ending -я or -ka instead of -yes).
If we analyze the origin of the modern names of the cities of the peninsula, for example, Simferopol (formerly Scythian Naples), Feodosia (from the Greek “given by God”), we can understand that the lands of modern Crimea were once occupied by Greek colonists, immigrants from Hellas.
In those days, several cities of the Bosporus (modern Kerch), Kerkinitida (modern Evpatoria) and others were formed. Answering the question, as the Crimea was called in antiquity, it can be noted that the territory of the peninsula was divided into two parts: the democracy of Chersonesos, which included the western lands, and the Bosporus autocratic state.
Crimean Tatars and the Ottoman Empire
Since the 13th century, Crimean Tatars have settled on the territory and form their own state. The administrative capital at that time was Old Crimea. Historians argue about the origin of this word. The main version of the formation of the name is from the Turkic "qirim", which means "moat" in translation, and, indeed, Old Crimea at that time was surrounded by deep ditches. 
As part of imperial Russia
In 1774, Catherine II achieved the independence of the peninsula from the Ottoman state, and in 1783 the Crimea was annexed to Russia. The Tauride province was formed.
Ancient cities of Crimea
In ancient times, sea routes connected the Black Sea coast with the Mediterranean, where at the end of the 2nd - the beginning of the 1st millennium BC. the great civilization of Greece arose. From the shores of Hellas, brave sailors set off in search of new lands.
Where large seaports, industrial and resort centers of Crimea are now located - Evpatoria, Sevastopol, Feodosia and Kerch, in the VI-V centuries. BC. the ancient Greeks founded, respectively, the cities of Kerkinitida, Chersonesos, Theodosia, Panticapaeum, and near them - Mirmekiy, Tiritaku, Nympheus, Cimmerik and others. Each of them was the center of an agricultural region where wheat was grown, grapes were cultivated, and livestock were raised. The cities housed temples, public and administrative buildings, markets, artisan workshops.
Convenient geographical location promoted the development of trade. Merchants exported slaves and agricultural products purchased from local tribes - Scythians, Meots, Sindians - to the Mediterranean. In exchange, olive oil, wine, art and craft items were brought from the cities of the Balkan Peninsula and Asia Minor.
Chersonesus was founded in 421 BC. on the shore of the bay, which is now called Quarantine. Later, the city significantly expanded its holdings. During its heyday, Kerkinitida, the Beautiful Harbor (on the site of the modern village of Chernomorsky) and other settlements of the northwestern Crimea obeyed him.
The Chersonesos state was a slave-owning democratic republic. The supreme body of power was the People's Assembly and the Council, which decided all issues of foreign and domestic policy. The leading role in the administration belonged to the largest slave owners, whose names were brought by the Chersonese inscriptions and coins.
Archaeological excavations, begun back in 1827, showed that the city was well fortified. Remains of defensive structures - massive towers, fortresses, parts of stone walls - have also been preserved throughout the state. This speaks of the constant military danger to which the inhabitants were exposed. The famous Chersonesos oath tells about their patriotism. The Chersonesos swore that they would not betray either the city or its possessions to the enemies, they would protect the democratic system, and would not divulge state secrets.
As confirmed by archaeological research, the city had the correct layout. Residential buildings were combined into quarters, streets intersected at right angles. They were paved with small stones. Stone gutters ran along the streets. Temples towered on the squares. Public buildings and homes of wealthy citizens were decorated with colonnades and mosaic floors.
From ancient buildings, only the foundations of the walls and basements have survived to this day. Particularly interesting are the mint, baths, and the ruins of a theater that has existed since the 3rd century. BC. to IV century. AD Only stairways and stone benches for spectators have been partially preserved from it. Judging by their size, the theater could accommodate up to 3 thousand spectators.
The area of artisans was located near the city walls. There, archaeologists discovered the remains of ceramic production: kilns for burning pottery, stamps for ornaments, molds for making terracotta reliefs. Other crafts flourished in Chersonesos - metalworking, jewelry, weaving.
The largest ancient state of the Black Sea region was the Bosporus kingdom. It was formed as a result of the unification of originally independent Greek cities, such as Panticapaeum, Mirmekiy, Tiritaka, Phanagoria and others, located on the shores of the Cimmerian Bosporus - the modern Kerch Strait. Panticapaeum became the capital of the state. From 438 BC more than three hundred years they were ruled by the dynasty of Spartokids.
At the end of the 5th - beginning of the 4th centuries. BC. Nympheus and Theodosius, as well as lands inhabited by other tribes, were annexed to the possessions of the Bosporus. In the 1st century. BC. The Bosporus seized most of the territory of the Crimea, subjugated Chersonesos.
Excavations on Mount Mithridates, carried out in Kerch from the end of the 19th century, made it possible to restore the size and plan of Panticapaeum. At the top was the acropolis - the central fortification of the city with powerful defensive walls and towers. It housed the most important temples and public buildings. Quarters of one- or two-story stone buildings descended as terraces down the slopes. The whole city and its surroundings were surrounded by numerous lines of fortifications. The deep and comfortable harbor was a safe haven for merchant and military vessels.
Found fragments of marble statues, pieces of painted plaster and architectural details allow us to speak about the rich decoration of the city's squares and buildings, about the skill of ancient architects and builders.
On the site of Myrmekiya and Tiritaki, not far from Kerch, in addition to city walls, residential buildings and sanctuaries, archaeologists have discovered several wineries and baths for salting fish. In Nymphea, near the modern village of Heroevka, there are the temples of Demeter, Aphrodite and Kabirov; in Ilurat, near the modern village of Ivanovka, there was a Bosporan military settlement of the first centuries AD, which guarded the approaches to the capital.
Near every ancient city was its necropolis - the city of the dead. They were usually buried in simple earthen graves, sometimes lined with tiles or stone slabs. The rich and noble were placed in wooden or stone sarcophagi. For their burial, crypts were built, made of stones or carved into the rocks. The walls of crypts and sarcophagi were decorated with paintings, reliefs, inlay. They were decorated with ornaments, depicted mythological plots, scenes of real life. Together with the deceased, they put things belonging to him: jewelry, dishes, weapons, vessels with incense, terracotta figurines and other items. In one of the panticapaean burials of the 3rd century. AD, possibly the Bosporan king Riskuporis, a unique golden mask was found that reproduced the facial features of the deceased.
Researchers have long been interested in large mounds located in the vicinity of Kerch. They found burials of the Bosporan kings and nobles with outstanding works of Greek art: gold and silver jewelry, bronze and glass items, painted and figured vases.
The gold temporal pendants of the 4th century are rightfully considered a masterpiece of world art. BC. from the Kul-Oba mound. They are made in the form of discs, to which are attached numerous braided crossing chains, connected by plates and rosettes. On a disc 7 cm in diameter, there is a relief of the head of Athena wearing a helmet with clearly distinguishable figures of griffins, an owl and a snake. The finest filigree plates, rosettes, as well as the disc circumference are covered with grain and blue enamel.
The most valuable finds from the excavations of the ancient cities of Crimea are presented in the collections of the State Hermitage in St. Petersburg, the State Historical Museum and the State Museum of Fine Arts named after A. A.S. Pushkin in Moscow, as well as others.
Now on the territory of Chersonesos in Sevastopol and on Mount Mithridates in Kerch reserves have been organized. Every year thousands of people come there to walk along the streets and squares of ancient cities, to get acquainted with the greatest cultural monuments.
When the Romans established themselves on the South Bank, they created fortified points on the coast to protect Chersonesos. Of the Roman fortifications, the largest was Kharax at Cape Ai-Todore (now there is a lighthouse on it next to the "Swallow's Nest"). Fortification Kharax (in Greek "pillar", "stake", that is, "enclosed place") was founded in the 70s. 1st century under the Roman emperor Vespasian. At the end of the century there was a garrison, in the II century. housed the soldiers of the I Italian Legion. The last Roman garrison of the fort was made up of the soldiers of the XI Claudian Legion (late II - first half of the III century). These three periods in Kharax's history are attested to by the marks on the bricks and tiles.
N.I. Sheiko
Photos of beautiful places of Crimea
Crimea is an amazing peninsula, a place where the history of past centuries and the present are harmoniously intertwined. Here, right in the center of modern cities, you can see the monuments of the past centuries.
"Shards" of the past in the Crimean cities
The ruins of large settlements, the remains of fortresses, burial mounds, religious buildings are found in almost every city or its environs. Most of the ancient buildings today are considered monuments of history and archeology. Many of them have been assigned the status of reserves, research works are carried out on their territory and museums operate.
How developed the peninsula was already in ancient times makes it possible to understand familiarity with even a short list of ancient settlements. The following objects are most famous today:
Panticapaeum is the most ancient of the Greek cities in Crimea. Founded at the end of the 7th century BC, it is located in the center of modern Kerch. To see his remains, you need to climb the high stairs of 500 steps leading to Mount Mithridates.
And 11 kilometers from Panticapaeum, the ruins of the ancient Bosporan settlement of Tiritaka were found.
Chersonesos Tauric - the ruins of another Greek settlement, one of the attractions of Sevastopol. The founding of this colony dates back to the 5th century BC. Chersonesos was a large, well-fortified city.
To this day, the remains of an ancient temple, the ruins of a theater, where, according to legend, gladiatorial battles were fought, a mint, and a defensive tower have been preserved here. In the church of Chersonesos, Prince Vladimir, the Baptist of All Russia, was baptized.
Scythian Naples is an ancient settlement on the outskirts of Simferopol. Created in the 3rd century BC. e., the city served as the capital of the Scythian state. Today, on the territory of the ancient tract, a defensive tower and the mausoleum of King Skilur have been preserved.
Ruskofil-Kale - a castle in the region of Big Yalta, built in the XIII-XIV centuries - a fortification with an area of about 450 sq.
Kerkinitida is a Greek city built at the beginning of the 5th century BC. NS. and existed until the end of the II century BC. NS. Its ruins are located in the center of Evpatoria, on the Karantinniy Cape. Although most of the site is filled up, two of its sections are well-groomed and museumified.
Kalos Limen - the ruins of an ancient Greek settlement founded in the 4th century. BC NS. in the village of Chernomorskoe.
Cimmerik is a Cimmerian natural boundary of the 6th - 5th centuries BC. BC, located between Lake Elken and Mount Opuk.
The Scythian Ust-Alma settlement is one of the largest Scythian settlements of the 2nd century BC. BC, located on Cape Kremenchik.
Cave and underwater cities of Crimea
Ancient cave cities belong to a separate category. Mangup-Kale - Byzantine defensive fort of the sixth century BC, Chufut-Kale near Bakhchisarai, Kacha-Kalion, Kyz-Kermen, others - these villages were created in the rocks. Houses, utility rooms, temples, defensive walls were cut directly in the rock.
Crimea even has its own Atlantis - the underwater city of Akra. A small ancient Greek village, which served, among other things, as a port, existed near Cape Taquil in the 6th century BC. NS. - IV century AD NS. Later, the sinking of the coast led to the flooding of most of the city.
Travelers with diving skills can see the ruins of Acre. Diving is possible as part of specialized excursions in the summer.
Note for tourists
Visiting the excavations of ancient cities can be easily combined with other types of recreation:
excursion activities;
visiting unique natural monuments;
beach, wellness rest.
On the territory of the peninsula there are many ancient defensive towers, forts, and other fortifications that have been preserved in excellent condition. On the territory of many of them, bright event events are held. In particular, themed festivals are held annually in the Genoese Fortress, and reconstructions of medieval battles are staged.
Numerous hotels, hotels and boarding houses operate throughout the peninsula. Room reservations are available online. Pricing policy varies by region, service level and season of visit.
sights
32248
Crimea has been known as a tourist center since the second half of the 19th century. The special popularity of the peninsula among the imperial persons and the highest foreign guests is evidenced by the large number of summer residences - palaces and villas, which to this day make up the architectural appearance of the Crimean cities. Time passes, and Crimea becomes not just a privileged place of rest, but a health resort of the all-Union scale. However, while retaining its mass character, this tradition has undergone transformations. Wild rest has triumphed over organized spa treatment.
Today, Crimea is perceived by many as the focus of sea resorts that popularize beach and outdoor activities. At the same time, the rich and deep history of the peninsula is well known, the traces of which are preserved by numerous monuments covering the widest time and thematic range. The seven diverse cities presented in our review can rightly be called museums that introduced their guests to the heritage of the ancient, multinational and generous land called Crimea.
Museum, Sightseeing, Historic Landmark
A hero city, one of the three cities of federal significance in Russia, the largest city in Crimea in terms of population, one of the country's key naval facilities, a large ice-free sea trade port - all these are the definitions of the legendary Sevastopol. The city acquired particular importance from the moment of its foundation, when in 1783 it became the main base of the newly formed fleet of the Russian Empire - the Black Sea Fleet. Sevastopol bravely withstood two defenses - during the Crimean War and during the Great Patriotic War, securing the unofficial status of the city of Russian glory.
Numerous sights tell about the military-historical heritage of Sevastopol, including the world-famous panorama "Defense of Sevastopol 1854-1855", large-scale memorial complexes on the Malakhov Kurgan and Sapun Mountain, the Military-Historical Museum of the Black Sea Fleet, museum complexes "Mikhailovskaya Battery" , "35th Coastal Battery", "Balaklava" (underground submarine base). Near Primorsky Boulevard on a granite cliff washed by the sea rises the main symbol of Sevastopol - the Monument to the Scuttled Ships.
On the Central (City) hill is the majestic Vladimir Cathedral, which has become the burial vault of the famous Russian admirals - Lazarev, Nakhimov, Kornilov, Istomin. Another significant place located in the historical center of Sevastopol is the Aquarium Museum - the first in Russia and one of the oldest public marine aquariums in the world, founded in 1897 at the initiative of N.N. Miklouho-Maclay. Sevastopol squares and boulevards are beautiful, the appearance of which is made up of interesting historical and architectural objects. The city has an art museum, four professional theaters, two of which have academic status.
Unique monuments located in the suburbs of Sevastopol tell about the ancient history of the southwestern part of the Crimean peninsula: the ancient settlement of Chersonesos, the Genoese fortress Chembalo in Balaklava, the ancient Klimentovsky cave monastery in Inkerman. The unusually beautiful nature is not just a background for them, but an independent peculiar attraction. The numerous picturesque bays of the city are especially attractive.
Sevastopol, surrounded on three sides by the sea, is not inferior to other Crimean resorts in terms of beach recreation, striking not only the number, but also the variety of beaches - from wild rocky to comfortable golden sandy ones.
Read completely CollapseSight
Ancient, 1, Sevastopol
In ancient times, the central part of the Crimean peninsula was occupied by the fortress city of Naples-Scythian - the capital of the Scythian kingdom. Now the capital of the Republic of Crimea is located here - the glorious city of Simferopol. It has no outlet to the sea. The Salgir River, the longest river in Crimea, flows here.
Being the main transport hub of the peninsula, the city justifies its name, which is translated from ancient Greek as "city of benefits", "city-gathering". However, Simferopol gathers not only casual guests who perceive the city as an intermediate point on the way to the Black Sea coast, but also connoisseurs of history. After all, whole epochs were imprinted in the appearance of the city. The memory of the late Scythian state is kept by the Scythian settlement of Naples, located on the Petrovsky rocks. A peculiar symbol of the Crimean Tatar city of Akmesjit, the predecessor of Simferopol, is the Kebir-Jami mosque, the oldest building in the city, known since the beginning of the 16th century. And, finally, the beginning of the Russian period in the life of the Crimean city is marked by Orthodox churches of the late 18th - 19th centuries. Almost the same age as Simferopol is the Church of Constantine-Eleninskaya - the first Christian church in the city. The ancient cathedrals - Peter and Paul Cathedral, Holy Trinity Cathedral - admire their grandeur. An interesting cult building of the Karaites - Kenassa, erected at the end of the 19th century. During the Great Patriotic War, Simferopol took on a powerful enemy blow, having survived the German occupation. The feat of the defenders of the city was immortalized by the monuments placed in its parks and squares.
The most complete picture of the nature, history and culture of not only Simferopol, but the entire Republic of Crimea is given by the main museums of the city - the Central Museum of Taurida, the Crimean Ethnographic Museum and the Simferopol Art Museum. The city has the oldest theater of the Crimea - the Russian Drama Theater named after M. Gorky, as well as the Musical Theater of the Republic of Crimea, the Puppet Theater and the world's only theater of the Crimean Tatars.
Simferopol is famous for its unique green areas. You cannot ignore the old parks founded in the 18th-19th centuries. A special place among them is occupied by the Botanical Garden of the Tavrichesky National University (Salgirka Park or Vorontsov Park) - one of the largest and most beautiful parks in Simferopol. Young squares of the city are picturesque and cozy.
Read completely Collapse Landmark, Panorama, Museum, Religion, Historic Landmark
The easternmost and most ancient city of Crimea is the city of Kerch, whose age has exceeded a colossal figure - twenty-six centuries! One of the hills of the city - Mount Mithridates - is its historical and geographical center, a place where at the end of the 7th century BC. NS. the future Kerch was born, and then - the ancient Greek polis Panticapaeum, which became in 479 BC. the capital of the Bosporus kingdom. The ruins of its Acropolis are now a unique monument of the Antiquity and one of the main attractions of Kerch.
In addition to Panticapaeum, there are other ancient settlements on the territory of Kerch - Nympheus, Tiritaka, Mirmekiy. Many artifacts found during the excavation of the fortified settlements are presented in the famous Kerch Museum of Antiquities. Monuments of funerary architecture of the 4th century have also survived to our time. BC. - Tsarsky and Melek-Chesmensky mounds.
Until 1774, that is, before the annexation of Kerch to Russia, the city was part of many states: the Byzantine Empire, the Khazar Khaganate, the Genoese Republic, the Ottoman Empire. The Church of St. John the Baptist, the oldest Orthodox church on the Crimean peninsula, has become a witness of many historical events, the time of construction of which dates back to the period between the 8th and 9th centuries.
Kerch bears the honorary title of Hero City. During the Great Patriotic War, the front line passed through Kerch four times, in 1941-1944 the most severe occupation regime was established here. Soon after the liberation of the city, on the top of Mount Mithridates, a memorial complex was created - the Obelisk of Glory to the Immortal Heroes and the Eternal Flame.
423 steps of the Great Mithridatskaya Staircase lead to the top of the mountain, which is an outstanding architectural monument of the first half of the 19th century. A magnificent panorama of the city and the Kerch Strait opens from the upper observation deck of the stairs.
Read completely Collapse Museum, Sightseeing, Religion, Historic Site
Evpatoria, stretching along the Kalamitsky Bay off the western coast of the Crimean peninsula, is known primarily as a resort town. Each summer season, the number of tourists on vacation is several times higher than its population. The huge popularity of the small town is undoubtedly due to the presence of beautiful beaches with golden sand and shallow seabed, a favorable climate (at the height of summer, the air temperature is usually kept at + 26-28 ° C). However, limiting ourselves to coastal areas, it is impossible to form a complete picture of the city, whose history goes back centuries.
On the site of Evpatoria from the V century. BC NS. to the end of the II century. n. NS. there was one of the ancient Greek colonies - Kerkinitida. The ancient settlement of the polis is a valuable archaeological complex, and the ruins of the city wall of Kerkinitida today are one of the main historical relics of Evpatoria. The Greek settlement was destroyed by the Scythians. The city re-emerged here during the time of the Crimean Khanate. It was called Kezlev (Tur. Gozlev). The sonorous name Evpatoria, which is translated from Greek as "Noble", the city received after the Crimea became part of the Russian Empire.
A typical eastern city of the Middle Ages is the eastern part of modern Evpatoria, the so-called Old City. The area is distinguished by narrow, crooked streets and ancient buildings. The age of some buildings of the historical part is more than 500 years, among them is the Khan-Jami cathedral mosque, founded in 1552.
A unique historical, architectural and religious monument in Yevpatoria - Tekie Dervishes - the only Muslim monastery in Crimea, founded at the end of the 15th - 16th centuries. Of no less interest is the complex of religious buildings of the early 19th century - the Keraim kenassas. Outstanding monuments of Russian temple architecture are pre-revolutionary Orthodox churches - St. Nicholas Cathedral, the Temple of St. Elijah.
The resort history of the city began at the end of the 19th century, when the first mud baths were built, where the healing mud of Lake Moinaki was used. Subsequently, the healing properties of mud and waters of other lakes in Evpatoria were discovered. There are several mineral springs on the territory of the resort, which, together with numerous other natural factors, makes the rest in Evpatoria incredibly useful.
Read completely Collapse Museum, Interesting place, Architectural monument, Panoramic view
On the southern coast of the Crimean peninsula, a magnificent pearl shines - the beauty of Yalta. This is one of the sunniest resorts in Crimea, a city with luxurious nature and rich cultural heritage. It is interesting that Yalta acquired the status of a city and the glory of a fashionable resort only in the 19th century, although its history began much earlier ...
Once on the site of the future city, on the picturesque coast of the Black Sea, there was a small village of Yialos (from the Greek - "coast"), founded in the 6th-5th centuries BC. Greek sailors. Like other cities of Crimea, the settlement passed from hand to hand more than once: from Tauride Greeks to Venetians, then to Genoese, Byzantines; later it entered the possession of the principality of Theodoro, the Ottoman Empire, and, finally, Russia. Cardinal changes took place in the middle of the 19th century, when the highest state officials drew attention to a small town, in the recent past - a fishing village. In the 1860s, the nearest Yalta suburb - Livadia - became the summer residence of the royal family. And by the end of the 19th century, Yalta was turning into a prestigious vacation spot for the Russian aristocracy. It was to this time that the creation of fabulous palaces (Livadia, Massandrovsky, Vorontsov), noble estates and mansions, organically inscribed in the mountain landscape, belong. In pre-revolutionary times, Yalta also attracted distinguished foreign guests. For example, the German oil industrialist Baron P. Steingel, who loved to relax in the Crimea, built a Gothic castle on the edge of the Aurora Rock in 1912 - the famous Swallow's Nest.
Without belittling the value and beauty of the palace and park ensembles, we will give priority in the ranking of the region's attractions to the Yalta nature. Imprisoned in the stone embrace of the Crimean mountains, Yalta is open only to the sea and the sun. The terrain is extremely varied. There are mountain ranges, one of which includes the famous Ai-Petri peak; hills covered with dense pine and beech forests; deep gorges with waterfalls; valleys of mountain rivers, on one of which the largest waterfall in Crimea is formed - the Uchan-Su waterfall, 98 meters high. Yalta, immersed in greenery, boasts an abundance of exotic plants: palms, cypresses, magnolias, wisterias grow here ...
One of the most beautiful places in the city and the most visited street in Crimea is Yalta Embankment. Today it is a developed resort area with numerous restaurants, cafes and attractions. On the embankment there is the president-hotel "Tavrida", previously the hotel of the same name, where Rimsky-Korsakov, Nekrasov, Chekhov, Bunin, Mayakovsky, Stanislavsky, Chaliapin stayed at different times. Not far from the hotel building there is an entrance to the cable car "Yalta-Gorka", which makes it possible to enjoy the views of the city from a bird's eye view.
Outstanding figures of art and literature lived in Feodosia at different times - the world famous marine painter I.K. Aivazovsky, whose name is today the Feodosia Picture Gallery; an outstanding writer, the brightest representative of neo-romanticism A. Green, to whom the literary-memorial museum in Feodosia is dedicated. The Feodosia Museum of Local Lore, which is the oldest provincial museum institution in Russia, tells about the history, culture, natural wealth of the southeastern Crimea.
During the Great Patriotic War, the city survived the German occupation. Fierce battles were fought here, leading to significant destruction. For courage, endurance and mass heroism, Feodosia was awarded the honorary title - City of Military Glory.
Read completely Collapse Landmark, Religion, Historic Landmark
The fortress city of Aluston has been known since the 6th century. The fortification, built by order of the Byzantine emperor Justinian I, retained the role of an important coastal defensive point for all states that owned it in the Middle Ages: the Byzantine Empire, the Khazar Kaganate, the principality of Theodoro. The fortress lost its strategic importance after the conquest of Crimea by the Turks. The ruins of an ancient structure that have survived to this day are one of the main attractions of the peninsula.
Like Yalta, by the end of the 19th century, Alushta turned from a quiet seaside village into a popular resort. Among the curious pre-revolutionary buildings - the mansion of General Golubov, known as the dacha "Golubka"; the mansion of the merchant N.D. Stakheeva, Palace of Princess Gagarina. In 1941-1944. the city was under German occupation. A number of monuments of Alushta are dedicated to military-historical events.
Soon after the end of the war, in the middle of the last century, a real tourist boom began in Alushta, when dozens of sanatoriums and boarding houses were opened here. Today the city still attracts tourists. On its territory there are a large number of beaches, attractions, an aquarium with a large collection of freshwater and marine fish, a dolphinarium, and interesting museums.
Alushta, located in a vast valley on the southern coast of Crimea, is surrounded by the Crimean Mountains like an amphitheater. From the west, the high massif Babugan-Yayla rises above the city, in the north-west - Mount Chatyr-Dag, in the north - Demerdzhi. The mountain slopes are covered with dense beech and pine forests. In the picturesque surroundings of Alushta, the shooting of the famous Soviet films "Prisoner of the Caucasus", "Hearts of Three", "Ships Storm Bastions" and others took place.
Read completely CollapseView all objects on the map
