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Meaning of the word livadia

livadia in the crossword dictionary

Encyclopedic Dictionary, 1998

livadia

urban-type settlement in Crimea, on the Black Sea, 3 km south-west of Yalta. 1.9 thousand inhabitants (1991). Seaside climatic resort. Landscape park (from 1834). B. Livadia Palace (1910-11). Venue of the Crimean Conference 1945.

Livadia

Livadia - an urban-type settlement on the southern coast of Crimea. It is part of the Yalta urban district of the Republic of Crimea (according to the administrative-territorial division - the Yalta City Council of the Autonomous Republic of Crimea, the center of the Livadia Council).

Livadia (Nakhodka)

Livadia - a remote microdistrict of the city of Nakhodka, located on the shores of the Vostok Bay. It is located near the Gaydamak Bay, which is why it got its original name. Included in the city of Nakhodka in 2004.

The name was given according to the latitude (in fact, to the south by about 1 ° 40 ′, that is, ≈ 185 km) of the village of the same name in the Crimea. Geographical coordinates: .

The road to the Livadia microdistrict goes south from the 126th kilometer of the Uglovoe - Nakhodka highway (from the vicinity of the Dushkino village).

Along the highway from Livadia to Vladivostok, there is the A188 highway, along which every day at 4:30 am there is a direct bus to Vladivostok (506). Distance 154 kilometers.

According to the 2002 census, the population of the village was 13 thousand inhabitants.

According to the data, in 2014 about 18 thousand people lived here.

In October 2011, the village celebrated its 100th anniversary.

About 30 thousand tourists come here annually.

Livadia (disambiguation)

Livadia:

• Livadia is a resort village in Crimea, from 1860 to 1917 - the summer imperial residence (see Livadia Palace)
• "Livadia" - a wine-making enterprise in Crimea, formed in 1920 on the territory of the imperial estates "Livadia" and "Oreanda"
• "Livadia" - imperial wheeled yacht (1873-1878)
• "Livadia" - a steam imperial yacht (1880)
• "Livadia" - an amusement garden in the New Village of St. Petersburg, owned by I. Ya. Setov
• Livadia is a village on the shores of Vostok Bay, since 2004 - part of the city of Nakhodka
• Livadia - a village in the Serebryano-Prudsky district of the Moscow region

Livadia (yacht, 1880)

"Livadia" (since 1883 - "Experience") - an imperial steam yacht with an elliptical hull.

Livadia (yacht, 1873)

"Livadia" - Black Sea imperial wheeled yacht, operated in 1873-1878. The only one of the imperial yachts that directly participated in the hostilities and the only one who died in a shipwreck.

Livadia (winery)

State Enterprise "Livadia" earlier Winery "Livadia", State farm-plant "Livadia" - a winery of primary and secondary winemaking, established in 1920. The enterprise is part of the FSUE PJSC "Massandra".

Examples of the use of the word Livadia in literature.

And at the same time Livadia Backfire Long, a former stripper, a wet woman, a gunner, a kept woman of a black brothel, a convict, a runaway, felt like herself - a beautiful mulatto woman who passed through fires and waters, beloved and loving, kind and tender, intolerant and believing.

And it wasn't Livadia Backfire, criminal, brothel keeper, fugitive convict, this was Beelzebub's own servant.

While they communicated with the outside world in this way, all Livadia re-returned in search of the missing.

In his care were Gatchina, Peterhof, two large palaces in Tsarskoe Selo, Anichkov and the Winter Palace in St. Petersburg and Livadia in Crimea.

But Liva, after the first contact with her, ceased to be Livadia Backfire Long.

Livadia is a resort town 3 km west of Yalta, located on the slope of Mount Mogabi. The village is famous for its white-stone palace with a park that formerly belonged to the royal family, and clean, well-equipped beaches. Suitable for those who prefer a relaxing holiday surrounded by subtropical nature and classical architecture.

Helpful information:
Population: 1,074
Phone code: 380-654
Total area: 1.61 km²

Photos of Livadia:

History - how Livadia got infected

The history of the village is long and eventful and can be divided into 6 main stages.

1. Ancient settlements (III-I millennium BC).
2. Medieval castles (VIII-XV centuries). Evidence from that era is the remains of a large pottery production and the ruins of the castle walls, which can be seen in Oreanda.
3. The settlement of the Greeks Ai-Yan (Saint John) in the 18th century.
4. After the victory of Russia in the Crimean War, Greek settlers were moved to the region of the Azov Sea, and their lands were distributed to the Greeks who served in the Balaklava battalion. The best plots were bought by Colonel Reveliotis, who in 1934 sold them to the Polish Count Potocki. The count built an estate here, laid a vineyard on 20 hectares and established a wine production. A landscape park with valuable trees, statues and fountains, an orchard and a greenhouse was created on 44 hectares under the guidance of the gardener Delinger. A water supply was installed from the upstream mountain springs.
5. In 1860, Emperor Alexander II bought out Potocki's estate. Since then, Livadia has become a permanent resting place for Russian emperors, and the entire Yalta coast has turned into an aristocratic resort. Pototsky's house was rebuilt into a palace, the Small Palace, houses for courtiers, servants and workers were built. The water supply system was renewed, a dairy farm was built, the area of \u200b\u200bgardens was increased, new greenhouses and hotbeds were built, a vegetable garden was created. Under Nicholas II, the Grand Palace was rebuilt, the Page (Svitsky) building, a power station, a winter theater, and an ice factory were erected.
6. During the civil war, Livadia was occupied by German troops who plundered the property of the palaces. In 1920, the royal estate was nationalized, a state farm for the production of wines was created on its territory. In 1925, the first sanatorium for peasants with 300 beds was opened here, then new buildings for 1600 beds were built. During the war years, when the village was under German occupation, all sanatoriums and almost the entire palace complex were destroyed. Only the Grand Palace has survived, where the Yalta conference took place in February 1945. After the war, the sanatoriums were rebuilt.

Village infrastructure

The village is conveniently located on the Yalta - Sevastopol highway, shuttle buses pass through it. A little more than 1000 people live here permanently. There is a kindergarten, a school, a boarding school. The resort is part of Big Yalta. The city hospital is located in the vicinity of Livadia. There is a post office, telegraph office, public telephone office, bank, shops, bars, restaurants.

Video review:

Climate - temperature regime of water and air

The mountains close the resort from the cold northerly winds, and the sea softens the frosts. It has a Mediterranean climate with humid warm winters and dry hot summers.

Note:
The average annual temperature is 13 ° C.
Average January temperature 4.4 ° C
The number of frosty days for the whole winter is no more than 10

Interesting places - attractions

The village is interesting for its palace and park complex.

Livadia Palace - erected in 1911 from white Inkerman stone in the Renaissance style, which is emphasized by the courtyards - Italian with a marble fountain and Arabian, made as a light well.

Livadia Park is a huge landscape park, covering about 50 hectares, with elements of a regular style. In addition to local vegetation - pines, oak, beech, dogwood, yew, juniper - it also contains exotic plants: sequoia, Himalayan and Lebanese cedars, rare species of pine, magnolia, cypress, fan palm, wisteria.

The Church of the Exaltation of the Cross is the home church of the Russian emperors, built by the architect Monighetti in the Byzantine style with elements inherent in Georgian churches.

The Tsar's (sunny, horizontal) trail was laid back in 1861 in such a way that it does not contain sharp ascents and descents. The 6711 m long road begins near the palace, passes through a rotunda with white columns in Oreanda, from which you can admire the panorama of the coast, and reaches Gaspra. This trail is ideal for walks with lung patients, as the air in these places combines the smells of the sea, pine trees and other medicinal plants growing on the mountain slopes. A mixture of natural aromas cleanses the lungs and restores the functions of the respiratory system.

Organ Hall - An organ music center with the largest organ in the country with more than 4,600 pipes is located in the building of the former Tsarist power plant. The international festival Livadia-fest is held here every year.

Wine tourism - the state farm-factory "Livadia", created on the basis of the Golitsyn wineries, is part of the "Massandra" association. You can taste the best Crimean wines in the Italian courtyard of the Livadia Palace.

Dolmens - on Mount Ai-Nikola there is an ancient Taurus burial ground with 20 stone boxes without lids, dug into the ground.

Livadia beaches - overview

Most of the beaches are narrow pebbly, separated by breakwaters, many belong to sanatoriums. The water is clean. The depth of the bottom increases dramatically, so it is not very convenient and safe to rest with babies here. Since the village is 141 m above sea level, the descent to the beaches is quite long (15-20 minutes) and steep. But you can use paid sanatorium elevators.

Dolphin Beach is a medium-pebble beach with a length of 250 m with free entrance, free Wi-Fi and changing rooms. On the beach there are paid zones of increased comfort, toilets, showers, rental of umbrellas, sun loungers.

Beach "Livadiyskiy" - free pebble, with a gentle entrance to the water. It can be climbed down the path from the park or by a paid elevator. There are sun loungers, awnings, changing rooms, a first-aid post, a cafe, a boat station on the beach.

How to look for housing - accommodation features

Here you can find housing of different levels of comfort and prices: to relax and get medical treatment in the sanatoriums "Livadia" or "Chernomorye", to stay in hotels or in the private sector. Prices are similar to those in Yalta and even slightly higher.

How to get to the village?

The starting point of most tourists who come to Crimea is the city of Simferopol. You can get to Livadia only with a change in Yalta, to which a regular bus and trolleybus number 55 go from the Simferopol railway station. At the Yalta bus station, you need to change to a fixed-route taxi number 11, 100, 102, 107 and get off at Livadia. Minibus 11 stops closest to the palace.

To get here by car or bike, you need to overcome 88 km of the scenic route Simferopol - Yalta - Sevastopol.

Livadia on the map of Crimea

GPS Coordinates: 44 ° 28'31 ″ N 34 ° 08'35 ″ E Latitude / Longitude

Useful information for tourists about Livadia in Crimea - geographical location, tourist infrastructure, map, architectural features and attractions.

sights

Guide

Livadiya (Ukrainian Livadiya, Crimean Tat. Livadiya, Livadiya) is an urban-type settlement on the southern coast of Crimea. It is part of the Yalta urban district of the Republic of Crimea (according to the administrative-territorial division - the Yalta City Council of the Autonomous Republic of Crimea, the center of the Livadia Council).

Geography

Located 3 km southwest of Yalta. The central regions of Livadia are located on the eastern slope of Mount Mogabi, southwest of Yalta, the height of the town center above sea level is 141 m. The main attraction of Livadia is the Livadia Palace. The area of \u200b\u200bthe village is 174.9 hectares.

The Yalta - Sevastopol highway passes through the village.

Alusht. city \u200b\u200bcouncil

Bakhchisaray district

Sevastopol

Black Sea

Massandra

History

The surroundings of Livadia have been inhabited since at least the Bronze Age (3rd millennium BC). The remains of a large pottery complex, a medieval settlement with a temple and a burial ground confirm that people lived here in the Middle Ages. On the Khachla-Kayasi rock in Oreanda, the ruins of a castle of the X-XII centuries have been preserved.

After the Crimea became part of Russia, part of the lands on its southern coast was distributed to servicemen of the Greek Balaklava battalion, whose commander Theodosius Revelioti bought the best lands from his subordinates, including Livadian ones. In 1834 he sold the estate to the Polish magnate Count Lev Potocki. According to one of the versions, Pototsky gave it a new name - Livadia (from the Greek λιβαδι - meadow). But, most likely, this name came from Lambro Cachoni (Lambros Katsonis), a national hero of Greece, a pirate and colonel of the Russian army, originally from Levadia, a town in Central Greece. In 1799, Katsonis purchased the estate in the town of Panas Chair [sacred meadow] and named the estate after his hometown.

In the late 1830s, a vineyard was planted by the new owner of Livadia, whose area in 1860 was 19 acres. Wine production began and a wine cellar was built. In 1848, 2.5 thousand buckets of wine were received, in 1853 - 4 thousand. At the same time, Livadia first appears in official documents - on the map of Betev and Oberg (Military Topographic Depot) in 1842, it is designated by the conventional sign "small village", that is, less than 5 courtyards. By this time, from April 15, 1838, the village belonged to the Alushta volost of the Yalta district.

At the same time, two manor houses, a church, residential and utility premises were built in Livadia. A park with valuable species of subtropical plants (evergreen myrtles, laurels, cedars, pine trees, magnolias, Crimean pines), fountains and statues made by Italian masters was laid out on 40 acres of land; an orchard was laid out, a greenhouse was built, and a water supply was installed. According to the "List of populated areas of the Tauride province according to the information of 1864", compiled according to the results of the VIII revision of 1864, Livadia is Her Imperial Majesty's own dacha, with 30 courtyards, 140 inhabitants, two palaces, an Orthodox church, a telegraph office and a park with greenhouses for anonymous springs.

In 1859, there were 30 households in Livadia, 140 people lived. In 1860 Livadia was acquired by the royal family. Already in 1862-1866, under the leadership of the court architect I. Monighetti, the Potocki house was rebuilt into a palace. In addition, the Small Palace in the oriental style, two churches, houses for the retinue, employees and workers of the estate are being built. In total, about 60 houses were built or rebuilt here.

In 1863, a new water supply system was built on the estate, and a reservoir for 700 thousand buckets was built to preserve water supplies. In 1869, a dairy farm was created on the estate, orchards, greenhouses were expanded, greenhouses were arranged, and a vegetable garden was laid out. From 1873 a hospital functioned here, from 1868 - an elementary school. Since the mid-1870s, the Livadian meteorological station has continuously monitored atmospheric phenomena and water sources. In the early 1890s, a telephone connection was established between Livadia and other Crimean estates. After the construction of the government telephone network in Yalta, the estate was connected to it.

Livadia became the summer residence of the Russian emperor. Since 1875, outsiders were prohibited from traveling along the Yalta-Sevastopol highway. And under Alexander III, outsiders were strictly prohibited from entering Livadia.

Starting in 1910, construction in Livadia was even more intensive. The Grand Palace was built. At the same time, the entire economic and technical base of the estate was updated, a power plant, an ice plant, a garage were built, and a winter theater was erected.

One of the main organizers of the palace was its governor, chamberlain Vladimir Nikolaevich Katchalov (1864-1942).

After the October Revolution of 1917, the institutions of the Ministry of Agriculture of the ousted Provisional Government moved to the estate. On January 16, 1918, Soviet power was established in Livadia. On April 30, 1918, Livadia was occupied by German troops who plundered the palaces. In November 1918, the Germans were replaced by the Anglo-French interventionists and White Guards.

After the re-establishment of Soviet power, the estate was nationalized in November 1920, and the Livadia wine farm was established on its lands. At the end of 1924, Livadia with a forest and a park was included in the resort fund, in the summer of 1925 a peasant sanatorium for 300 places was opened here, which in 1931 was transformed into a climatic medical complex. In the 1930s, new sanatoriums were built in the village: People's Commissariat of Agriculture of the USSR, Soyuzkurort - "Udarnik", All-Union Central Council of Trade Unions-2, in which more than 1600 people rested. The status of the town - since 1939

From November 1941 to April 1944, the village was occupied by Nazi troops. During the occupation in Livadia, the buildings of Soviet health resorts and the Small Palace were completely destroyed, but the White Livadia Palace survived. After extensive restoration work in Livadia, a conference (see Yalta Conference) of the heads of three states of the anti-fascist coalition - the USSR, Great Britain and the United States - was held in the White Palace from 4 to 11 February 1945.

In 1945-1955, the restoration and modernization of the resort continued. Since the summer of 1974, the White Palace has been open for excursions and visits.

In total, over 25 thousand people annually rest in Livadia.

Infrastructure

In the village, in the reconstructed building of the Tsar's power plant, there is the Livadia organ music center (the organ located in the building is the first domestic instrument of this class, created in the territory of the former Soviet Union and, once, the largest in Ukraine). There is a comprehensive school, a boarding school, a children's center. Medical care is provided by the Yalta city hospital, located in the forest zone of the village. Shuttle buses run regularly between Yalta and Livadia. Also in the village work: post office, telegraph office, intercity telephone office, bank branch, 7 shops, 3 restaurants, more than 10 bars.